Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Stem cells in the individual life are the cell population with high self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential. At present, embryonic stem cells and tissue stem cells are the major objects for study in the field of stem cell engineering. At the same time, with the development of tissue engineering, cell replacement therapy became a new approach to treat some diseases. Tissue stem cells were tried to expand and committedly induce in vitro to some cells that are needed, then implanted them into patients to repair damage, replace regressive tissue and improve the function of hereditarily defect tissue. Based on recent progress of research on stem cells, this paper reviewed the biological characters and clinic application prospects of tissue stem cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; trends

OBJECTIVETo explore the isolation, purification and expansion of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neuron-like cells in vitro.

METHODSHuman cord blood samples were obtained sterilely with 20 U/ml preservative-free heparin. MSCs were isolated by lymphocyte separation medium (density 1.077 g/ml), and purified and expanded with Mesencult trade mark medium. The surface antigen expression of MSCs was detected by flow cytometry. The passage 2, 5 and 8 of the expanded MSCs were induced to differentiate to neuron-like cells. Specific markers and structures were detected by immunohistochemistry and histochemistry methods.

RESULTSThe number of MSCs increased two- to three-fold with each expanded passage. 6.6 x 10(5) primary MSCs were expanded ten passages to reach a number of 9.9 x 10(8), and was increased about 1.5 x 10(3)-fold. Flow cytometry showed that MSCs did not express antigens CD(34), CD(11a) and CD(11b), but expressed strongly CD(29) and weakly CD(71), which was identical to human bone marrow-derived MSCs. 70% cells exhibited typical neuron-like phenotype after induction. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that all of the induced different-passage MSCs expressed neurofilament (NF) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Special Nissl body was found by histochemistry.

CONCLUSIONMSCs in human umbilical cord blood can expand in vitro and differentiate into non-mesenchymal cells.

Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte ; analysis ; Cell Count ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Integrin beta1 ; analysis ; Mesoderm ; chemistry ; cytology ; Neurofilament Proteins ; analysis ; Neurons ; cytology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; analysis ; Receptors, Transferrin ; Stem Cells ; chemistry ; cytology

Aneurysm, False ; etiology ; surgery ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Carcinoma ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Rupture

Objective To study the correlation between fractional anisotropy(FA)and tumor microarchitecture(MVD,VEGF and celluarity).Methods Fouteen gliomas(5 grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,4 grade Ⅲ, 5 grade Ⅳ)confirmed histo-pathologically were performed on diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)using a GE Signa Excite Ⅱ 3.0 T MR scanner(8-channel head coil,SE echo planner imaging(EPI),thickness:5 mm, spacing:0,directions:25,B values:0 and 1000 s/mm~2,TR 6000 ms,TE minimum,FOV:240 mm? 240 mm,image matrix 128?128,NEX 2).Postprocessing was done using a DTI specific software to gain FA image.ROIs were drqwn in tumor parenchyma and the value of FA was recorded.The positive expression of VEGF and CD34 was shown using immuno-histochemistry method.The VEGF,MVD,and cellularity of every slices were recorded.Pearson correlation analysis was used.Results FA(which is 0.102?0.080 in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,0.171?0.037 in grade Ⅲ,0.200?0.021 in grade Ⅳ)has the trend to raise with the increasing grade of astrocytomas.FA has significant positive correlation to MVD(40/HP in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ, 86/HP in grade Ⅲ,101/HP in grade Ⅳ),VEGF(8% in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,47% in grade Ⅲ,55% in grade Ⅳ),and cellularity(104/HP in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,160/HP in grade Ⅲ,265/HP in grade Ⅳ).The correlation coefficients between FA and VEGF,MVD,and cellularity were 0.748,0.668,0.625 respectively.Conclusion As a new imaging method,DTI can reveal the microarchitecture in gliomas and be value of distinguishing gliomas of different grade.DTI provides a new method of precise diagnosis to glioma preoperatively.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe most effective therapy against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is surgical treatment; however, there have been few large-scale studies that focused on the oncological outcome of this disease in China. The aim of the current study was to report the clinicopathological results and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate in RCC patients after surgical treatment in our center.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 336 RCC patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy between 1999 and 2006. Of the 336 patients, 226 were male and 110 were female; the median age was 51 years. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the independent prognostic predictors for this cohort of RCC patients.

RESULTSDuring follow-up, the overall 5-year CSS rate was 81.4%. The 5-year CSS rates for patients with stage-I, -II, -III, and -IV RCC were 94.7%, 88.9%, 68.8%, and 19.3%, respectively. The patients with T1N0M0 (T1) and T2N0M0 (T2) tumors had similar survival curves. For patients with T1 category tumor, the survival rate did not differ significantly between the radical nephrectomy and nephron-sparing surgery groups. For the 21 patients with metastasis confined to the local lymph nodes, the 5-year survival rate was 31.6% after radical nephrectomy and lymph node dissection. For the 15 patients with vena caval tumor thrombus, the 5-year survival rate was 52.5% after radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombus extirpation. Multivariate Cox regression showed that stage was an independent predictor for CSS (hazard ratio, 3.359; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSFor localized RCC, the oncological outcome of this cohort is comparable to that reported in the Western literature. For some patients with locally advanced RCC, aggressive surgical treatment can lead to better long-term survival. However, the prognosis of the patients with metastasis still needs to be improved.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Nephrectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent tissue stem cells that can be induced in vitro to differentiate into a variety of cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. MSCs are useful vehicles for both cell and gene therapy for a variety of diseases. Here, we injected human MSCs with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) into the striatum of Parkinson disease (PD) rat and examined their survival, migration, differentiation, and the behavior changes in PD rats, which will provide a theoretical foundation and technical method for clinic PD therapy by stem cells. The results showed that human bone marrow MSCs can survive in rat brain for a long time (exceeding 70 d). MSCs were found in multiple areas of the rat brain including the striatum, the corpus callosum, contralateral cortex and even the brain vascular wall. Immunocytochemical staining suggested that implanted cells expressed human neurofilament (NF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP). At the same time, remission in abnormal behavior of the PD rats appeared. Rotation scores decreased gradually from 8.86+/-2.09 r/min pre-transplantation to 4.87+/-2.06 r/min 90 d post-transplantation (statistic result showed P<0.05).
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Corpus Striatum ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Parkinson Disease ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Transplantation, Heterologous

BACKGROUNDArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death. Recent studies have shown that ARVC, which is an inheritable genetic change, results from mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. Plakophilin-2 is an important component of the desmosome. Because the full range of genetic variations related to ARVC is unknown and no related studies of the Chinese population have been reported, we aimed to investigate the genetic variation of plakophilin-2 in ARVC patients from the Southern Region of China.

METHODSGenomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples of all 34 ARVC patients, who were screened through a clinical evaluation. They were used to detect variations in the sequences of the plakophilin-2 genes by polymerase chain reaction amplification in combination with direct sequencing.

RESULTSIn exon-1 of the plakophilin-2 gene, a deletion mutation (c.145_148 del GACA) was found in one family pedigree. The mutation was also found in exon-2, 4, and 11 of the plakophilin-2 gene. The QT interval dispersion of the ECG was considerably longer in the mutation group than in the non-mutation group of ARVC patients, and this result was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWe discovered a plakophilin-2 mutation that prolongs the QT interval dispersion in the southern Chinese ARVC population.

Adult ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Plakophilins ; genetics

In order to investigate the role of calcium pathway in myeloid differentiation, the expression level of genes related to calcium pathway in all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced NB4 cell differentiation was detected by cDNA microarray, some of which were further confirmed by quantitative real time RT-PCR. At the same time, the expressions of these genes in NB4-R1 cells treated with ATRA and 8-CPT-cAM P alone or in combination, and in differentiation of primary cells from ATRA-induced newly diagnosed APL patients were detected by real time RT-PCR. The results showed that during differentiation of ATRA-induced NB4 cells, the expressions of genes related to calcium concentration had changed, the expression of downstream effectors in calcium pathway was up-regulated and confirmed by real time RT-PCR assay. The expression of genes related to calcium concentration did not change significantly when NB4-R1 cells were treated by ATRA or 8-CPT-cAMP alone, but expression changes of those genes were similar to the changes in ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation when NB4-R1 cells were treated by ATRA combined with 8-CPT-cAMP. In addition, the expression changes of those genes in ATRA-induced primary cells of patients with APL were also similar to changes in ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation. It is concluded that calcium pathway may be involved in ATRA-induced differentiation in APL cell.
Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVE: To study the cost-effectiveness of left atrial appendage occlusion(LAAC), rivaroxaban and warfarin in the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, in order to explore the most appropriate economical medication model. METHODS: A total of 156 NVAF patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from July2016 to June 2018 were studied; they were divided into group A(LAAC), group B(rivaroxaban)and group C(warfarin)by random digital method.Markov model was used to analyze the drug economy of three methods to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation within one year, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to verify the stability of the results. RESULTS: The total cost of treatment in group C was significantly lower than that in the other two groups, while in group A it was significantly higher than in the other two groups, with statistical significance(P<0.05). ICER(A vs. B)was 91242.31 yuan/QALY,ICER(B vs. C)was 96706.25 yuan/QALY, and ICER(A vs. C)was 93323.81 yuan/QALY. So the drug economy of group A was better than that of the other two groups, and group B was better than group C. When the sensitive indicators selected changed, there was still a statistical difference in the total cost among the three groups(P<0.05), which indicated that the results of this study were credible. CONCLUSION: Compared with warfarin and rivaroxaban, LAAC may have more pharmacoeco-nomic effects on preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, but further studies with large sample sizes and longer follow-up cycles are needed.