Aged ; Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte ; metabolism ; Brenner Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Cystectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

The mitogen activated protein kinases-extracellular signal regulated kinases (MAPK-ERK) pathway is involved in regulation of multiple cellular processes including the cell cycle.In the present study using a Huh7 cell line Con1 with an HCV replicon,we have shown that the MAPK-ERK pathway plays a significant role in the modulation of HCV replication and protein expression and might influence IFN-α signalling.Epithelial growth factor (EGF) was able to stimulate ERK activation and decreased HCV RNA load while a MAPK-ERK pathway inhibitor U0126 led to an elevated HCV RNA load and higher NS5A protein amounts in Con1 cells.It could be further demonstrated that the inhibition of the MAPK-ERK pathway facilitated the translation directed by the HCV internal ribosome entry site.Consistently,a U0126 treatment enhanced activity of the HCV reporter replicon in transient transfection assays.Thus,the MAPK-ERK pathway plays an important role in the regulation of HCV gene expression and replication.In addition,cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) downstream of ERK may also be involved in the modulation of HCV replication since roscovitine,an inhibitor of CDKs had a similar effect to that of U0126.Modulation of the cell cycle progression by cell cycle inhibitor or RNAi resulted consistently in changes of HCV RNA levels.Further,the replication of HCV replicon in Conl cells was inhibited by IFN-α.The inhibitory effect of IFN-α could be partly reversed by pre-incubation of Con-1 cells with inhibitors of the MAPK-ERK pathway and CDKs.It could be shown that the MAPK-ERK inhibitors are able to partially modulate the expression of interferon-stimulated genes.

Chronic osteomyelitis is one of the most common disorder in clinic. In recent years due to diabetes, peripheral vascular disease and trauma induced disease increased, the prevalence rate increased. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and CT imaging technology, it greatly improved the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of chronic osteomyclitis and ability to describe the infection characteristics, and provide a reliable basis for clinical treatment. The current research on chronic osteomyelitis mainly concentrated on the aspects of imaging applications and ways of using antibiotic optimization control inflammation, defect restoration and reconstruction of blood supply and treatment. But the best time to the antibiotic therapy and the use of program is still uncertain, for after debridement, bone grafting time and defect repair function of fast recovery still need further research.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Osteomyelitis ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate relationship of platelet (PLT) count with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer,and explore the susceptibility index to evaluate prognosis of patients with breast cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 498 patients with breast cancer in January 1995 to December 2005 was carried out.PLT count was tested.Those patients were divided into group A (PLT ＜ 150 × 109/L),group B[(150-250) × 109/L],and group C (PLT ＞ 250 × 109/L) according to PLT count level.The relationship of platelet count with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of PLT impact on survival time.Results There was positively correlated between PLT count and clinicopathological features (Pearson coefficient ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlated between PLT count and survival time (Pearson coefficient =-O.583,P ＜ 0.05).The survival time of groups A,B and C were significantly different (P =0.018).Cox proportional hazards model multi-factor analysis showed that PLT count was an independent factors affecting survival time (OR =2.256,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with breast cancer associated with increased emphasis and PLT count.PLT count had negative correlation with survival time.PLT count could be a susceptible index to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of death in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by ruptured cerebral aneurysms and provide some therapeutic strategies. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data and causes of death in 24 patients died from subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by ruptured cerebral aneurysms from January 2003 to December 2010 was performed. Results Eleven patients died from intra-cerebral re-bleeding: 5 patients had re-bleeding before the interventional embolization,3 had bleeding during the surgery,and 3 had re-bleeding after the surgery. Eight patients died from vasospasm or cerebral infarction after the surgery, including 3 with cerebral infarction under early-stage CT (within 3 d of surgery) and 5 with vasospasm or cerebral infarction under late-stage CT (3 d after the surgery); 1 died from respiratory arrest after the operation; 3 died from pulmonary infection; and 1 died from renal failure. Conclusion Re-bleeding,vasospasm/cerebral infarction and Non- neurological complications are the major causes of death in patients died from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by ruptured cerebral aneurysms.Increase the awareness of causes of death will help reduce the mortality.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of sequential intravenous moxifloxacin treatment against cefoperazone/sulbactam in patients with acute biliary tract infection. MethodsA prospective, randomized, non-blind, multi-centric study was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin 400 mg Ⅳ once daily to cefoperazone-sulbactam (2 g q12 hours) and metronidazole 250 ml once daily to treat patients, from March- December 2009 in 13 hospitals, with acute biliary tract infection.The primary efficacy variable was clinical cure rate after the end of a 5 - 14 day treatment period,bacteriologic outcomes and adverse reaction effects were also determined.ResultsA total of 319 subjects were enrolled, 282 of whom were eligible for protocol efficacy analyses ( 138 moxifloxacin, 144 comparator).Demographic and baseline medical characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Clinical success rates were 86.2％ for moxifloxacin and 84. 7％ for the comparator(P =0. 7192). Pathogens (55 moxifloxacin, 61 comparator) were isolated from bile or blood cultures and the predominant strains were E. coli, Klebsiella species and Enterococcus species. Bacterial eradication rates were 85.4％ ( 37 of 55 ) with moxifloxacin versus 82. 0％ (50 of 61 ) in the comparator group ( x2 = 0. 2568, P = 0. 6123 ). Both treatments were safe and well tolerated. ConclusionsE. coli, Klebsiella species and Enterococcus species were the most common bacteria isolated from bile or blood from patients with acute biliary tract infection. Moxifloxacin monotherapy has high clinical and bacteriological efficacies and safety for the treatment of acute biliary tract infection.

Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cell, which derived from mononuclear myeloid hematopoietic stem cells with the function of bone absorption. Osteoclasts plays a key role in bone metabolism, therefore the body is very strict to regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Mobilization and differentiation of osteoclast maturation is a complex and sophisticated multi-level regulatory processes. In the relevant regulatory mechanisms, OPG/RANKL/RANK system plays a pivotal role in the process of osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Recent studies revealed that immune cells and osteoclasts were closely connect with each other in the field of bone metabolism, also provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases. The apoptosis of osteoclasts in bone metabolism have been payed more attention,while its mechanism is still not clear, which need further research.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Osteoclasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin ; genetics ; metabolism ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the preventive effect of Yougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT.

METHODSTwenty-five SD rats were divided into steroid hormone group (group A, 10 rats ), Yougui drink group (group B,10 rats) and normal group (group C,5 rats)with random number table. Endotoxin were injected into abdominal cavity of rats in group A and B for 2 days, methylprednisolone sodium succinate were injected by gluteus for twice a week continued for 6 weeks; group B were gavaged by Yougui drink (veryday for 8 weeks; group C did not do any processing. All rats were killed on the 10th weeks,m icro CT were used to scan femoral head in vitro and preventive effect of Yougui drink (n femoral head necrosis in rats.

RESULTSThere was statistical significance in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Thb, Sp, BS/TV and DA but no significance in SMI between group A and B. Comparison between A and C, there was significant meaning in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV, DA and SMI.

CONCLUSIONYougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT has preventive effect from BMD BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV and DA.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Density ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Femur Head Necrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; X-Ray Microtomography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the regulatory mechanism of SATB1 repression in cells other than T cells or erythroid cells, which have high expression level of SATB1.

METHODSHeLa epithelial cells were treated with either histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) trichostatin A (TSA) or DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-C before detecting SATB1 expression. Luciferase reporter system was applied to measure effects of EZH2 on SATB1 promoter activity. Over-expression or knockdown of EZH2 and subsequent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed to determine the effect of this Polycomb group protein on SATB1 transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was applied to measure enrichment of EZH2 and trimethylated H3K27 (H3K27me3) at SATB1 promoter in HeLa cells. K562 cells and Jurkat cells, both having high-level expression of SATB1, were used in the ChIP experiment as controls.

RESULTSBoth TSA and 5-Aza-C increased SATB1 expression in HeLa cells. Over-expression of EZH2 reduced promoter activity as well as the mRNA level of SATB1, while knockdown of EZH2 apparently enhanced SATB1 expression in HeLa cells but not in K562 cells and Jurkat cells. ChIP assay Results suggested that epigenetic silencing of SATB1 by EZH2 in HeLa cells was mediated by trimethylation modification of H3K27. In contrast, enrichment of EZH2 and H3K27me3 was not detected within proximal promoter region of SATB1 in either K562 or Jurkat cells.

CONCLUSIONSATB1 is a bona fide EZH2 target gene in HeLa cells and the repression of SATB1 by EZH2 may be mediated by trimethylation modification on H3K27.

Azacitidine ; pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Primers ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; physiology ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; physiology ; Epithelium ; metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; physiology

Objective To evaluate open and endovascular procedures for the treatment of visceral arterial naeurysms.Methods Clinical data of 93 cases were reviewed from Jan 2001 to Jan 2011,including 47 males,and 46 females.Splenic artery aneurysm in 45 cases,superior mesenteric artery aneurysm in 15 cases,renal artery aneurysms in 10 cases,common hepatic artery aneurysm in 7,celiac artery aneurysms in 11 and gastroduodenal artery aneurysm in 5 cases.All cases had either open procedures or endovascular procedures after comprehensive evaluation.Results Surgical open procedures were performed on 34 cases,and endovascular procedures were performed on 59 cases.The perioperative complication rate were 52.9％ and 13.6％ for open and endovascular groups respectively.The mean follow-up time was 36.8 months ( 11 months to 10 years).1 -year survival rate and 5-year survival rate were 100％and 60.6％ in open surgery group,compared with 100％ and 84.5％ in endovascular group.Conclusions Endovascular repair is effective for visceral artery aneurysm with lower perioperative complication rate and better long-term survival rate.