Objective　To monitor KBD prevalence rate in Changdu of Tibet.Methods　The aged 7～12 year children are tested with X- ray and epidemiological investigation.Results　Xizang are still high yet,the 3 of 4 porints X-rates are more than 20% and the highest one is 55.34%.Conclusions　The Changdu is the severest point of KBD in our country.

BACKGROUND:After cerebral tissue ischemia and anoxia in young rats,the cerebral edema gets serious, and the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) decrease. Radix Astagali seu Hedysari has the pharmacological effects of enhancing immunity, anti-anoxia and improving myocardial ischemic reinfusion injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influences of Radix Astagali seu Hedysari (huangqi) on contents of NO and MDA in brain tissue of young rats with cerebral injury after cerebral ischemia and anoxia.DESIGN:A randomized and controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University; Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei Medical University; Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical UniversityMATERIALS:The experiment was conducted from January to April 2004at Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University. Total 40 SD rats, 7-day old, were at random divided as normal control group, model group, humgqi low-dose group and huangqi high-dose group, with 10 rats in each group. Huangqi injection (The content in 10 mL injection is consistent with 20 g raw drug) was provided by Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Medical University (produced in Chengdu Di'ou Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Factory, Batch No. 0005028).METHODS:Except rats in normal group, those in the rest groups, under conscious and local anesthesia, were all given common carotid artery ligation, establishing cerebral injury model due to ischemia and anoxia. Rats in normal group were intraperitoneally injected 0.1 mL normal saline; rats in model group were intraperitoneally injected 9 g/L normal saline, 0.1 mL each day; rats in huangqi low-dose group and huangqi high-dose group were respectively given 0.1mL, 0.5 mL huangqi injection, once a day, intraperitoneally. Cerebral blood flow was detected immediately, 2 and 4days after injection. Then the rats were decapitated for collecting the brains to measure the water content in brain, the contents of NO and MDA.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] Water contents in brains of rats in every group. [2] Cerebral blood flow, and the contents of NO and MDA.RESULTS:Totally 40 rats were involved in the trial and all entered in the final result analysis. [1] The water content in brain of each group: Compared with normal group, the content in model group was increased immediately after model establishment [(87.316±0.275)%, (88.259±0.297)% ,P ＜ 0.05 ],and did not return to the normal level at the second day [(86.973±0.265)%,(88.173±0.445)%,P ＜ 0.05]; compared with model group, the content in huangqi high-dose group was obviously decreased at second day[(88.173±0.445)%, (86.542±0.141)% ,P ＜ 0.05]. [2] Measurement of cerebral blood flow: compared with control group, the blood flow in model group was obviously decreased immediately after model establishment[(231.88±13.33), (139.54±10.58)mV,P＜ 0.05], and did not return to normal level till the 4th day [(234.57±14.38), (145.38±13.33)mV,P ＜ 0.05];compared with model group, the blood flow in huangqi low-dose group and huangqi high-dose group, at day 4, was obviously increased [(145.38±13.33),(288.45±12.89), (313.82±21.74)mV,P ＜ 0.01]. [3] The contents of NO and MDA: The contents in model group, immediately after model establishment, were obviously higher than those in normal control group [(26.55±5.23 ), ( 19.67±7.17 )μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05; (7.88±2.55), (4.22±0.12) μmol/L, P＜ 0.01], and at day 4, were significantly higher than those in normal control group [(48.65±17.06), (18.65±2.12)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01; (5.29±0.68),(4.06±0.39)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05]; compared with model group, the contents in huangqi low-dose group and huangqi high-dose group were obviously decreased at day 4 [(48.65±17.06), (23.77±12.79), (24.67±11.54)μ mol/L,P＜ 0.01; (5.29±0.68), (4.51±2.30), (3.68±0.39)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION:Huangqi could obviously reduce cerebral edema from ischemia and anoxia, increase cerebral blood flow. It could decrease the contents of NO and MDA that is metabolite of free radical injury, thus playing its role to inhibit lipid peroxidation injury.

Objective To investigate the serum adiponectin levels and TNF-? levels in women with gestational diabetes and to study their clinical significance.Methods Plasma concentration of adiponectin,tumor necrosis factor alpha and correlate parameters were measured in 50 patients with gestational diabetes(GDM)and 36 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance(NGT).Radio immunoassay was used to measure the adiponectin,TNF-? level was measured by ELISA.Serum insulin level was measured by Electrochemiluminescent immunoassays fasting glucose levels by glucose oxidase method.Results GDM patients had significantly lower concentrations of adiponectin(10.3?(2.4) mg/L) and elevated levels of TNF-?(4.6?(1.5)?g/L) in comparison to NGT women.In GDM group TNF-? level was correlated positively with serum insulin level,glucose level.Concentration of adiponectin was negatively correlated with corresponding parameters.Conclusion Elevated level of TNF-? and decreased adiponectin concentration may not simply reflect maternal adiposity and insulin resistant state,but may contribute to the impaired glucose metabolism during pregnancy and forecast the risk of metabolism syndrome.

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; Female ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo study the metastructure volumes of medial temporal lobe in diagnosis the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using 3 dimensional MRI.Methods23 AD patients according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria and 23 normal controls (NC) were examined with 3D-MRI.Hippocampus formation,amygdala,entorhinal cortex ( EC ),perirhinal cortex ( PC),and comu temporale were measured with 3D-MRI.ResultsSensitivity and specificity of diagnosis AD were 73.9％,97％ ( Hippocampus formation) ;39.1％,95.7％ (amygdala) ;73.9％,95.7％ (EC) ;95.7％,87.0％ (PC) and 34.8％,39.1％ ( cornu temporale).Overall discriminate function =cornu temporal × 3.887 + PC × 5.960 - EC × 0.074 + amygdale × 3.489 + hippocampus formation × 6.656- 22.449.Over-all-accuracy was 91.3％.ConclusionThe total volume of PC can better diagnosis the mild to moderate AD than other structure of medial temporal lobe.The changes of the medial temporal lobe volume could be used in diagnosis the patients with Alzheimer's disease.

In order to study the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its significance, the expression of VEGF mRNA and COX-2 mRNA in 62 cases of LSCC and 54 adjacent noncancerous laryngeal tissues and 9 normal human laryngeal mucous tissues was detected by using techniques of semi-quantitative RT-PCR. It was found that the expression level of VEGF and COX-2 mRNA was significantly increased in LSCC as compared with that in the normal human laryngeal mucous tissues (both P < 0.01), and the expression level of VEGF and COX-2 mRNA were significantly increased in stage Ill + IV tissues of LSCC as compared with the stage I + II tissues of LSCC (P < 0.01). There was a high positive correlation between VEGF and COX-2 expression in LSCC (r = 0.756, P < 0.01). These data raise the possibility that VEGF and COX-2 may play key roles in the growth, invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2/*biosynthesis ; Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*biosynthesis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics

To study the chemical constituents of Microtropis triflora Merr. et Freem. METHODS: The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic technigues such as silica gel, Sephadex LH -20, and pre-HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULTS: Ten triterpenes were isolated and elucidated as 3, 25-epoxy-lα, 3α, 11α 12, 23, 25-hexahydroxy-urs-12-en(l), β-amyrin(2), β-amyrin palmitate(3), 3β-hydroxy-l1-oxo-olean-12-enyl-3-palmitate(4), lupeol(5), friedelin (6), 3-oxo-28-friedelanoic acid(7), oleanolic acid(8), salaspermic acid (9), and orthosphenic acid(10). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new compound and has cytotoxic activity against Bcap37 and SMMC7721 cells with IC50 values of 27.86 and 11.38 μg· mL-1, respectively.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the alteration and the clinical significance of QT dispersion in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: From May 2011 to April 2012, 42 hospitalized PE patients in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were enrolled, and divided into a high-risk group and a non-high-risk group according to the clinic state on admission. Another 30 healthy subjects with matched age and genders were enrolled as a normal control group. QT interval was measured manually in 12- lead conventional electrocardiogram within 24 hours on admission and after the treatment. QT dispersion (QTd) and heart rate-corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) were also calculated. All patients were followed up during hospitalization, and were divided to a death group and a survival group. RESULTS: QTd and QTcd in the high-risk group [(70.2±34.0), (88.1±43.3) ms] and the non-high-risk group [(49.3±21.8), (59.1±26.2) ms] were significantly higher than those in the normal control group[(33.2±12.4), (36.7±14.2) ms] (P<0.05), while QTd and QTcd in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the non-high-risk group (P<0.05). The interval of electrocardiogram was (5.6±2.5) days between 24 hours on admission and after the treatment (ECG). QTd and QTcd were reduced significantly after the treatment in the survival group [(41.0±16.4), (47.4±18.0)ms] compared with those on admission [(54.0±33.0), (67.2±40.5)ms] (P<0.05), but the QTd and QTcd after the treatment were also significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the QTd and QTcd between 24 hours on admission and after the treatment in the death group (P>0.05). Logistic regression showed that high-risk of PE, right ventricular dysfunction and high QTcd after the treatment were the main risk factors of hospital death. CONCLUSION QTd and QTcd are increased in PE. PE patients with right ventricular dysfunction, high-risk of PE, and high QTcd after the treatment suggest weak prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Conduction System ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Embolism ; complications ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; etiology ; surgery ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To use CT and 3D reconstruction technique to locating mark of sustentaculum tali ,and measure the an‐gle & length of the specified point of the lateral wall of the calcaneus to sustentaculum tali for providing .To basis for the operation of calcaneus .Methods Thirty adult ankle wet specimens were chosen and scanned with CT ,and the dicom data were converted into the software to 3D‐reconstruction ,the observation and measurement to find new methods of locating mark of sustentaculum tali ;Forty adult calcaneus dried specimens were chosen and scanned with CT .The dicom data were converted into the software to 3D‐re‐construction ,using a workstation software measure the angle and length of the line which from the center of the sustentaculum tail to each point on the calcaneal lateral wall .Results First ,in the function of ankle joint position ,with the foot medial surface as “sag‐ittal reference plane” measurement ,the vertical line passing through the leading edge of medial malleols and the coronal line passing through the leading edge of sustentaculum tali intersect at a point .The vertical distance of the point to leading edge of medial malle‐ols was (34 .95 ± 2 .60) mm ,the length of sustentaculum tali was (21 .44 ± 1 .89) mm ,the height of sustentaculum tali was (10 .17 ± 1 .16) mm ,the anteversion of sustentaculum tali was (35 .31 ± 3 .73)° .Second ,in front of calcaneus ,upward angel of points G ,E were (28 .78 ± 3 .90 )° ,(29 .47 ± 2 .96 )° respectively .Frontward angle of points G ,E were ( - 19 .83 ± 4 .60 )° , ( - 11 .02 ± 4 .74)° respectively .Under the posterior articular surface ,upward angel of points C ,K ,I ,J were(2 .52 ± 2 .46)° ,(2 .92 ± 2 .28)° ,(14 .98 ± 2 .49)° ,(14 .38 ± 1 .90)° respectively .Frontward angle of points C ,K ,I ,J were(7 .32 ± 1 .66)° ,(19 .25 ± 1 .98)° , (10 .30 ± 2 .63)° ,(19 .33 ± 1 .97)° respectively .The length of screw was about 40 - 44 mm .The length of C point to the sustentacu‐lum tail was minimum ,and the length of G was maximum .Conclusion In the function of ankle joint position ,the sustentaculum tail can be located with the leading edge of medial malleols as a surface landmarks .The measurement of the angle and length of which from each point on the calcaneal lateral wall to sustentaculum tail by using CT .