AIMTo study the effects of sodium salicylate on the expression of GABAalpha NR1 and hearing response properties of inferior colliculus neurons in mice.

METHODSThirty-six kunming mice were divided into three groups (A, B, C,). The expression of GABAalpha NR1 were measured by using RT-PCR. The intensity-rates functions, intensity-latency functions and frequency-turning curves were recorded by extracellular electrophysiological recording techniques.

RESULTS(1) The expression of GABAalpha mRNA of B group was decreased remarkably than the control group (A group, P < 0.05), there weren't noticeable differences between A group and C group (P > 0.05). The expression of NR1 mRNA of B group was increased remarkably than the control group (A group, P < 0.01), there were noticeable differences between A group and C group P < 0.05). (2) The intensity-rates functions, intensity-latency functions were monotonic while the frequency-turning curves were more broad when sodium salicylate was given. (3) The intensity-rates functions, intensity-latency functions were non-monotonic while the frequency-turning curves were sharpened after lidocaine was given.

CONCLUSIONS(1) The results suggested that administration of sodium salicylate decreased the expression of GABAalpha while increased the expression of NR1mRNA. (2) The intensity-rates functions, intensity-latency functions were monotonic, the frequency-turning curves were more broad when salicylate was given and the changes above could be reversed by given lidocaine.

Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Inferior Colliculi ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism ; Sodium Salicylate ; pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of an external film of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the rats wound healing.

METHODSForty-eight SD rats were randomly separated into eight groups of 6 rats each. Bilateral dorsal cuts were performed on each rat, left wound was used as the experiment with HA external film and right wound was used as the control only with normal saline. The process of healing was observed histologically following 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days postoperatively.

RESULTSInflammation was lighter and epidermal healing was faster in the experimental group than those in the control. The fibroblasts degenerated and the collagen fiber changed to slim and loose bunches in the experimental group.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that HA external film could have powerful infiltrating activity at the early stage of wound healing, it could accelerate the healing of epidermis and delay the formation of keratinization layer.

Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Drug Administration Routes ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Hyaluronic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the validity of transplanting transverse colon to replace esophagus in treating cicatricial stricture resulting from severe esophageal chemical burns in children.

METHODSA retrospective study was carried out on the clinical data of 46 patients with severe chemical esophageal burns who were treated from November 1972 to September 2008. The transverse colon with the ascending branch of the left colic artery was brought through a retrosternal tunnel to replace strictured esophagus. Thirty-two patients underwent colon-esophageal anastomosis and 14 patients underwent colon-pharyngeal anastomosis.

RESULTSAll patients survived after surgery, but complications occurred in 7 cases, including leakage of anastomosis in cervical region in 4 cases, stenosis of anastomosis in 2 cases, and dyspnea in 1 case, and they were cured after due treatment. Follow-up study (1 - 26 years) in 39 patients revealed that there was no difference in growth, development and diet between the patients and the normal children of the same age.

CONCLUSIONSEsophageal reconstruction with transverse colon together with the ascending branch of the left colic artery through a retrosternal tunnel is a valuable method for treating cicatricial stricture of the esophagus secondary to severe chemical burns of the esophagus in children.

Burns, Chemical ; complications ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cicatrix ; complications ; etiology ; Colon, Transverse ; transplantation ; Esophageal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of glycosylated G-CSF combined with middle-high dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) or conventional chemotherapy with increased dose of Cy for mobilizing peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with tumor.

METHODSThirty patients from four hospitals in Beijing region were enrolled in this clinical study. Diagnoses of the patients were non-Hodgkin' lymphoma (n = 21), Hodgkin disease (n = 1), breast cancer (n = 7) and ovary cancer (n = 1). Autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells (APBPC) were mobilized by middle-high dose Cy or conventional chemotherapy with increased dose of Cy combined with G-CSF. G-CSF was given subcutaneously from the nadir of the white blood cell (WBC) count to the end of PBPC collection. The dosage of G-CSF was 250 microg/d in 29 patients and 500 microg/d in 1 patient. When WBC count was > 5 x 10(9)/L, APBPC were harvested with CS 3000 plus/COBE Spectra.

RESULTSThe average dosage of Cy was 3.95 g (2.3 g/m(2)). The doses of G-CSF were 3.1 approximately 6.4 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1). Thirteen patients (43%) were collected twice, 14 patients (47%) three times and 3 patients (10%) four times. All of the patients could tolerate the treatment regimens. Seven patients had bone pain after G-CSF injection and one was severe, one patient had headache and one had nausea and vomiting.

CONCLUSION250 microg glycosylated G-CSF combined with middle-high Cy or conventional chemotherapy with increased dose of Cy combined G-CSF is an optimal method for APBPC mobilization in tumor patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Platelet Count ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of pericardial suction blood re-transfusion in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on inflammatory cytokines, myocardial injury and lung function.

METHODS31 patients of off-pump CABG were divided into two study groups (OPCABG1 group and OPCABG2 group) according to the amount of pericardial suction blood re-transfusion beyond or less than 600 ml. 13 patients of on-pump CABG were control group. Serum samples from vein were collected for measurement of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-alpha pre-operation and 1, 4, 24, 48 hours post-operation respectively. The results of CK-MB, TnI, AaDO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were recorded.

RESULTSPatients of the three groups had no significant difference in terms of gender, age, bodyweight, history of hypertension and cardiac infarction and diabetes, EF and left ventricular end diastolic of pre-operation, the amount of bypass graft and shed blood. Of the three groups, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 reached peak level one hour after the operation, and dropped to the pre-operation level 72 hours after the operation. One hour after the operation, the level of IL-6 and IL-8 in OPCABG1 group was higher than in OPCABG2 group (P < 0.05) and about the same in CABG group (P > 0.05). Four hours after the operation, the level of CK-MB in OPCABG1 group was lower than that of CABG group (P < 0.05) and about the same in OPCABG2 group (P >0.05). 4 and 24 hours after the operation, the level of TnI in OPCABG1 group was lower than that of CABG group (P < 0.05) and about the same in OPCABG2 group (P > 0.05). Among the three groups, there was no significant difference in AaDO2 and PaO2/FiO2.

CONCLUSIONSRe-transfusion of large amount of pericardial suction blood can increase serum level of IL-6, IL-8, but it can not cause myocardial injury and affect the gas exchange function of lung significantly.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous ; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; blood ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Troponin I ; blood

OBJECTIVETo analyze and assess the impact of clopidogrel given preoperatively in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2007, 440 consecutive patients undergoing CABG surgery were divided into two groups: the clopidogrel group (with clopidogrel exposure in 5 days prior to surgery, n = 90) and the control group (without clopidogrel exposure > 5 days prior to surgery, n = 350). Patients undergoing emergency surgery because of failed percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and cardiogenic shock, associated valvular surgery, redo-CABG were excluded. Patients who received aspirin and/or heparin treatment before surgery were included.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in two groups regarding age, gender,diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Compared to the control group, patients in clopidogrel group had a higher prevalence of angina class III or IV (66.7% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.01), received more often revascularization within 48 h (41.1% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.02), and had received more frequently stenting (56.7% vs. 13.4%, P < 0.01). Chest tube drainage was significantly increased during the first 24 h following CABG in the clopidogrel group (800 ml vs. 350 ml, P < 0.01). Patients of the clopidogrel group also required more transfusion of packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma. Overall re-exploration rate because of bleeding was remarkably higher in the clopidogrel group (4.4% vs. 1.1%, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSClopidogrel exposure in 5 days or less prior to CABG surgery significantly increases the risk of postoperative bleeding, the need for perioperative transfusion and the incidence of re-exploration. For the elective CABG patient, we suggest that the surgery should to be performed 5 days or more after clopidogrel exposure.

Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; chemically induced ; Preoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Ticlopidine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experiences and results of ventricular septal myectomy concomitant mitral valve replacement (MVR) for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCM).

METHODSFrom January 2000 to June 2007, 22 patients of OHCM with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation underwent concomitant ventricular septal myectomy concomitant MVR. There were 20 male and 2 female patients. The age ranged from 28 to 51 years old with a mean of (36 + or - 5) years old. The left ventricular out tract gradient pressure (LVOTGP) was 55 to 120 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), with a mean of (88.0 + or - 15.8) mm Hg. The manifestation of pre-operative UCG, intra-operative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and post-operative UCG in 10 d, 6 months and 1 year were compared and analyzed.

RESULTSOne patient died in hospital due to serious ventricular arrhythmias. The intra-operative TEE showed that the phenomenon of systolic anterior motion (SAM) of mitral valve disappeared in all patients. Twenty-one cases were followed-up. The intra-operative TEE and post-operative UCG in every period of all 21 cases survived indicated that the mean LVOTGP and interventricular septal thickness (IVST) decreased obviously (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONConcomitant ventricular septal myectomy concomitant MVR is an effective and safe treatment for OHCM with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation, the short and mid-term outcome is excellent.

Adult ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve ; surgery ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Septum ; surgery

Objective To observe the current status of secondary prevention medication usage and their relation with on-treatment platelet reactivity in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome(ACS) treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. Methods A total of 176 patients hospitalized from 2014 to 2015 due to ACS in the Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled and on-treatment platelet reactivity was tested by thromboelastography(TEG)and CYP2C19*2,*3 and*17 alleles were analysed. Details of secondary prevention medication and patients' clinical characteristics were recorded. The relation of secondary prevention medication and on-treatment platelet reactivity was analyzed by multi-logistic regression after adjusting for CYP2C19 alleles and clinical characteristics covariates.Results A 94.89% of patients was treated with statins while 80.68% with beta blocker. The platelet inhibition rate were (45.33±28.78)% and the high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) rate tested by TEG was 37.50%. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, usage of β-blockers during hospitalization as well as phenotypes of CYP2C19*2,*3 and *17,clinical presentation with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and the length of stents were associated with HTPR defi ned by TEG. The percentage of HTPR rate was signifi cantly lower in patients treated with than those without β-blockers (72.73% vs. 85.45%,OR 0.18,95%CI 0.06-0.53,P=0.002)after adjusting genetic factors and other covariates.Conclusions There was a signifi cant correlation between beta blockers usage and high clopidogrel on-treatment platelet reactivity.

The sialyl Lewis X (SLex) antigen encoded by the FUT7 gene is the ligand of endotheliam-selectin (E-selectin).The combination of SLex antigen and E-selectin represents an important way for malignant tumor metastasis.In the present study,the effect of the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer on the adhesion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro was investigated.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to detect the expression of FUT7 at both transcriptional and translational levels.The SLex expression in HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of SLeX-binding DNA aptamer was detected by flow cytometry.Besides,the adhesion,migration,and invasion of HepG2 cells were measured by cell adhesion assay,and the Transwell migration and invasion assay.The results showed that the FUT7 expression was up-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels in HepG2 cells.SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could significantly decrease the expression of SLex in HepG2 cells.The cell adhesion assay revealed that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could effectively inhibit the interactions between E-selectin and SLex in the HepG2 cells.Additionally,SLeX-binding DNA aptamers at 20 nmol/L were found to have the similar effect to the monoclonal antibody CSLEX-1.The Transwell migration and invasion assay revealed that the number of penetrating cells on the down-side of Transwell membrane was significantly less in cells treated with 5,10,20 nmol/L SLeX-binding DNA aptamer than those in the negative control group (P＜0.01).Our study demonstrated that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could significantly inhibit the in vitro adhesion,migration,and invasion of HepG2 cells,suggesting that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer may be used as a potential molecular targeted drug against metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.

The Grainyhead-like 3 (GRHL3) is involved in epidermal barrier formation,neural tube closure and wound repair.Previous studies have suggested that GRHL3 has been linked to many different types of cancers.However,to date,its effects on human colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been clarified yet.Our microarray analysis has indicated predominant GRHL3 expression in CRC.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of GRHL3 in CRC tumorigenesis using CRC tissues and paired paracancerous tissues,as well as using distinct CRC cell lines (HT29 and DLD1).We observed increased GRHL3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting.Moreover,silencing GRHL3 with siRNA could suppress CRC cell proliferation,viability and migration in vitro.We also found that knockdown of GRHL3 could promote cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in HT29 cells and DLD1 cells,and induce cell apoptosis in HT29 cells.Together,our study revealed the down-regulation of GRHL3 in vitro could inhibit CRC cell activity and trigger cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis.