AIM:To study and compare the outcomes of coaxial 2. 2 mm phacoemulsiflcation with conventional coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery.
METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with age - related cataract:coaxial 2. 2 mm micro - incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases (50 eyes), and coaxial 3 mm small incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases ( 50 eyes) . Statistical analysis was takenwith the data of the two groups. Visual acuity, VF and QOL were compared at intervals of 1wk and 3mo after surgery. In addition, surgically induced astigmatism ( SIA ) was analyzed. Statistic analysis was taken by Student's t-test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS:There was no significant difference on BCVA (t=-1. 366, -1. 688; P=0. 148, 0. 107) between these two groups. One week and 3mo after the surgery, SIA was (0. 46±0.29)D, (0. 43±0. 26)D in the 2. 2 group; and (1. 55±0. 59) D, (0. 89±0. 28) D, in 3. 0 group. The differences between these two groups were statistically significant ( t=-7. 348, -3. 788; P = 0. 000, 0. 000 ) There were no statistically significant differences on VF scores between two group, while it's got a better score in 2. 2 groups on vision adaptation. (t=-3. 348, P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Coaxial 2. 2mm micro-incision cataract surgery could significantly reduce SIA and obtain morestable status of VF and QOL. This suggests that the coaxial 2. 2 phacoemulsification surgery implanted AkreosMI60 intraocular lens could get earliervisual rehabilitation postoperation.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the method to analyze γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and its precursors 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in urine through LC-MS/MS and provide evidence for related cases. METHODS: GHB-d6 and MOR-d3 were used as the internal standard. The urine sample was separated by LC after protein precipitation with methanol. The electrospray ion source was for ionization. Each compound was detected through multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. RESULTS: The limits of detection of GHB and its precursors 1,4-BD and GBL were 0.1, 0.1 and 2 μg/mL. The accuracy was 87.6%-98.1%. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15% and matrix effects were higher than 80%. CONCLUSION The method is high sensitive, simple, rapid, specific and with high reliability. This study has provided technical support and basic data for forensic cases involving GHB.
4-Butyrolactone/urine* ; Butylene Glycols/urine* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Forensic Sciences ; Humans ; Hydroxybutyrates/urine* ; Mass Spectrometry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

The commodity specification and grade of Chinese medicinal materials is a measure of the quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which directly impacts on the safety and effectiveness of clinical medicines. It is an urgent problem to establish a set of standards which can both interpret the scientific connotation of the commodity specification and grade of Chinese medicinal materials and play a significant role on clinical medicines as well as markets. This paper reviews the research methods of the commodity specification and grade of Chinese medicinal materials such as sensory evaluation, chemical assessment, biological evaluation, and cited the applications of various methods for the classification of TCMs. It provides technical support for establishing standards of the commodity specification and grade of Chinese medicinal materials, and also constructs scientific basis for clinical rational drug use.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; economics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Research Design

Objective To study the effect of a novel injectable scaffold material chitosan- beta-TCP combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on repairing bone defect of goat. Methods The model of the studies was 12ram diameter circular hole tibia bone defect of goat. 30 Chinese goats were raudomly divided into 5 groups: blank group: nothing was embeded in bone defect; simple material group: the material embeded in bone defect was chitosan-beta-TCP; PRP group: the material was chitesan-beta-TCP combining PRP; MSCs group: the material was chitosan-beta-TCP combining MSCs; PRP/MSCs group:the material was chitosan-beta-TCP combining MSCs and PRP. At 4,8 weeks after operation, the samples were observed, histological and image analysis were used to evaluate the effect of bone regeneration. Results At 8 weeks, the surface of bone defect zone of PRP/MSCs group were coverd by continuous new bones, like normal bone. Histological slice showed the esteoid at boundary of normal bone of MSCs/PRP group obviously increased compare to other groups at the 4th or 8th week after operation respectively. The new bone tissues of bone defect were punctiform or lamellar new bone tissues, in which the proportion of big lamellar new bone tissue obviously increased. Image analysis showed that the areas of balnk group, simple material group, PRP group, MSCs group, PRP/MSCs group were 8.79±3.63,14.49± 3.72,24.18 ± 5.38,24.42 ± 5.10,31.10 ± 3.49 at 4 weeks and 15.41 ± 4.21,25.36 ± 5.37,30.71 ± 4.39, 33.97 ± 4.45,48.60 ± 5.97 at 8 weeks respectively. The effect of bone regeneration of PRP/MSCs group was better than other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The injectable tissue-engineering bone constructed with chitosan-beta-TCP, MSCs and PRP possesses good ability on repairing bone defect.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; metabolism ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Kainic Acid ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Neuropeptides ; metabolism

Animals ; Hydroxy Acids ; toxicity ; Lacquer ; toxicity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

In order to investigate the hygienic characteristic of anti-immersion trousers, ten male soldiers dressed in the trousers or in camouflage trousers were subjected to exercise test and sedentary test respectively at room temperature of 17?2℃. In the test, eleven parameters such as core temperature, skin temperature, heat flow and so on were observed. The results indicated that in sedentary tests, the low limb heat flow of the subjects dressed in anti-immersion trousers was larger than that dressed in camouflage trousers; the heat insulation value of anti-immersion trousers was smaller than that of camouflage trousers; and for the other parameters, there was no evident difference between the two group. It suggested that when used on land, hygiene characteristic and effect on body heat balance of the anti-immersion trousers were similar to those of camouflage trousers.

Objective To analyze comprehensively the monitoring data of iodized salt in Zhangjiakou city during 2001 to 2009, and to provide basic information for working out control strategies of the iodine deficiency disorders. Methods According to the iodized salt monitoring requirements in National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Program of Ministry of Health, a batch of nine salt samples were taken from each processing (wholesale)company of each county or district of the seventeen counties(districts) of Zhangjiakou once a month. Two townships (towns, street offices) were selected by their location of east, south, west and north in each county(district), and a township in central area each year. Four villages(neighborhoods) were selected in each township(town, street office),and eight household salt samples were collected in each village(neighborhood), and quantitatively determined by direct titration of iodine. Results Iodized salt processing(wholesale) : during 2001 to 2009, a total of 1728 batches was monitored, 1689 batch qualified, batch qualification rate 97.74%;15552 salt samples were tested, 15 357 qualified, iodized salt qualification rate 98.75 %. Household salt levels : 5297 villages (neighborhoods) of 1305 townships(towns, street offices) were monitored, 44 316 salt samples were collected, 43 274 qualified, iodized salt qualification rate 98.04%(43 274/44 141 ), iodized salt coverage rate 99.61%(44 141/44 316), qualified iodized salt consumption rate 97.65%(43 274/44 316). Rate of non-iodized salt was 0.40%(260/44 316), and salt median iodine was 30.02 mg/kg. Conclusions The iodized salt quality indicators are within the state-controlled range in Zhangjiakou city for nine years which remaines at relatively stable levels with a smaller range of annual fluctuations.Detection of non-iodized salt over the years has become the main factors affecting the effectiveness of the prevention and control measures.We should increase monitoring,supervision,and universal health education,and prevent the spread of non-iodized salt.

Background The tissue-engineered cornea is becoming the hot spot in the ophthalmologic field,while the research of corneal substitute is in the ascendant,because it is more similar to the corneal morpha and easy to survive in vivo.Objective This study was to investigate the biocompatibility of recombinant human type-Ⅲ collagen/poly9 ( 3-( methacryloylamino ) propyl dimethyl ( 3-sulfopropyl ) ammonium hydroxide ) ( PMPDSAH ) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) (RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN) hydrogel as a tissue-engineered cornea in rabbit eye and its feasibility as the corneal substitute.Methods One hundred and eight rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group( 90 rabbits) and normal control group ( 3 rabbits),and 15 rabbits ( 30 eyes ) used as the donor corneas.RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN,NGF PMPDSAH IPN and corneal grafts were lamellarly transplanted into the right eyes in RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN group,NGF PMPDSAH IPN group and allograft group respectively.The corneal transparency and neovascularization were examined and scored under the slim lamp and compared among three groups using Kraskal-Wallis H test.The corneal epithelization time was observed and compared among these three groups using one way analysis of variance and LSD-t test.The histological examination of corneas was performed at the 3rd day,1st and 2nd week,1 st,3rd and 6th month after the surgery.The immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of K3 in cornea at the 6th month.Results The grafts were well attached in RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN group,NGF PMPDSAH IPN group and allograft group,and no rejection reaction was found throughout 6-month following up.Compared with normal control group,no significant differences were found in the scores of corneal opacification and neovescularization in these three groups (x2 =4.34,P =0.23 ;x2 =2.60,P =0.46 ) at the 6th month.NGF PMPDSAH IPN group achieved reepithelialization in (4.97±0.63) days and was obviously shorted than that in RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN group and allograft group ( t =11.97,P =0.00; t =5.80,P =0.00).The re-epithelialization time in RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN was (6.86±0.71) days,and that of allograft group was (5.87±0.43 ) days,showing a significant difference ( t =6.32,P =0.00).Hematoxylin-eosin staining results demonstrated that implanted materials integrated into the host corneal tissue well and support corneal epithelialization.Part of the material degraded at the 2nd week and degraded completely 1 month later.Regular alignment and distribution of collagen fibers were seen in the regenerated cornea and were similar to those of the normal stroma in 6 months.Immunohistochemistry showed the positive expression of keratin-3 in corneal epithelial cells.Conclusions RHC-Ⅲ/PMPDSAH IPN has a good biocompatibility without toxicity to corneal tissue.Furthermore,NGF can promote the corneal wound-healing and re-epithelialization.The material can be used as safe and reliable corneal substitute after improving the mechanical strength.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological factors that may influence serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)level in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods A total of 561 cases of BPH diagnosed by pathological examination following operation were analyzed retrospec- tively.The patients'mean age was(68.3?6.3)years.The International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)was 21.1?7.4;the quality of life(QOL)was 4.5?0.8;Qmax was(7.3?3.3)ml/s;prostate volume(PV) was(69.8?36.8)ml;andpost-void residue(PVR)was(81.9?105.8)ml.Results Of 561 cases,223 cases(39.8%)had serum PSA level at 4-10 ng/ml,and 91 cases(16.2%),over 10 ng/ml.The level of serum PSA was not significantly associated with age,IPSS,QOL,Qmax and PVR(r=0.08,0.03,0.06,0.04 and 0.09,respectively;P＞0.05),but significantly associated with prostate volume of BPH(r=0.42,P＜0.01).The level of serum PSA was significantly elevated in BPH patients with enlarged prostate volume (F=93.45,P＜0.05)and the history of acute urinary retention(x~2= 59.1,P＜0.01).Additionally,a significantly increased PSA level was noted in tissue specimens with glandular hyperplasia(x~2=16.14,P＜0.01)or necrotic loci in BPH patients(x~2=36.06,P＜0.01).Conclusions An elevated serum PSA level was observed in more than 50% of BPH patients undergoing surgical resection.Enlarged prostate volume,the history of acute urinary,retention,and tissue specimens with glandular hyperplasia or necrotic foci are considered to be the main causes leading to elevated PSA level in BPH patients.