Acetabular is an important human joint for weight bearing. Quadrilateral plate is a crucial structure of medial acetabulum with special morphology and important function. Quadrilateral plate fractures are common fracture in acetabulum. Quadrilateral plate fracture is hard to expose and reduction because it is in the medial of acetabulum. At the same time,the bone in the quadrilateral plate is not easy to fixed for thinning bones and adjacent to the articular cavity. The operator should know well about the anatomy and choose the suitable internal fixation. After quadrilateral plate fractures, the femur head maybe displace medially even break into pelvis. That make reduction and treatment always be a challenge. With different kinds of fractures,the efficacy of treatment is not the same. This paper intend to review the relation of anatomic features,approaches, internal fixations, key point of treatment and efficacy.
Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Animals ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans

Background Dominant eye is one of the functional asymmetric organ,and the dfference between dominant eye and undominant eye is a researching hotspot.But the study about accommodation in adult myopia is less.Objective This study was to determine the association between ocular dominances and accommodative factors in the subjects with adult myopia.Methods This study used prospective descriptive research method.Thirty-five subjects aged from 18 to 35 years with the myopia ranged from-2.00 D to-10.00 D and anisometropia less than 1.5 D,BCVA≥ 1.0 were recruited consecutively in this study.Ocular dominance was determined using the hole-inthe-card test and thumb test.Refractive error was measured with objective and subjective optometry,and amplitude of accommodation was measured by push-up test.Fusion cross cylinder(FCC) was used to measure the accommodative lag,and flipper test was applied to determine the accommodative facility.Oral informed consent was obtained from each subject before any relevant examination.Results No significant differences were found in the amplitude of accommodation (D),accommodative facility (cpm) and accommodative lag (D) between the dominant eye and undominant eye (accommodative amplitude:9.69 D±2.30 D vs.9.60 D±2.37 D,P =0.294 ;accommodative facility: 11.08 D±4.20 D vs.10.63 D± 4.60 D,P=0.260;accommodative lag:P=0.141).In the patients with the right eyes as dominance eyes,the accommodative amplitude of both eyes were (9.48±2.29) cpm and (9.33 ± 2.49) cpm,and accommodative facility were (10.50 ± 4.70) cpm and (9.99 ± 4.90) cpm.There were no significant differences between the right and left eyes in the accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodative lag (P =0.319,0.116,0.590).In the patients with the left eyes as dominant eyes,the accommodative amplitude of both eyes were (9.91±2.35)D and (9.88±2.26) D,and accommodative facility were (10.70±3.77)cpm and (11.25 ±4.27) cpm.No significant differences were seen between the right eyes and left eyes in the accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodative lag (P =0.749,0.295,0.238).Conclusions The amplitude of accommodation of the dominant eye is not significantly enhanced,and less accommodative lag and better accommodative facility also are found in the demonstrate eye in myopia adults with low anisometropia.

To summarize Professor LIU Feng-bin's clinical experience and theoretical thoughts on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), the study group designed a retrospective study on his case series and expert interview. First of all, the data of CAG patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between 2009 and 2013, e. g. herbs, diseases, syndrome type, prescription amount and number of herbs, was collected and processed. The statistical description and binary logistic regression were used to determined the syndrome type, initial basic remedy and modification. During the statistics, a complete and sub-group analysis was performed simultaneously. After the expert interview, the syndrome type and medication were finalized. As a result, a total of 228 CAG patients aged at (50.30 ± 10.18) were collected, including 151 males (66.23%). Of them, the TCM diagnosis and syndrome type were extracted from the information of 157 patients, including 115 cases with gastric stuffiness, 23 cases with gastric pain, 19 missing cases, 2 cases with spleen-stomach weakness syndrome, 57 cases with spleen deficiency and dampness-heat syndrome, 18 cases with spleen-stomach disharmony syndrome, 23 cases with syndrome of liver depression syndrome, 21 cases with liver qi invading stomach syndrome and 26 qi and yin deficiency syndrome, respectively. All of the 228 patients used totally 104 herbs, while the subgroups with 157 patients used 94 herbs. The most frequently used 15 herbs used in each groups were analyzed to determine the initial basic remedy and modification. Subsequently, based on the information of the sub-groups with 157 patients, with the syndrome type as the dependent variable, the logistic regression analysis was made on the most frequently used 32 herbs, in order to determined the modification in herbs for different syndrome types. After experts reviewed and modified, they believed the main causes of CAG were dietary irregularities, moodiness and weak constitution; the pathogenesis of CAG was spleen deficiency with qi stagnation, heat depression and blood stasis in the stomach meridian. The above six syndrome types and 12 herbs were determined, including Pseudostellariae Radix, Poria, Atractylodismacrocephalae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, Sepiae Endoconcha, Arecae Pericarpium, Aurantii Fructus, Perillae Caulis, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Scutellariae Barbatae Herba, Curcumae Rhizoma. This study summarized Professor LIU Feng-bin's clinical experience and theoretical thoughts of chronic atrophic gastritis based on clinical practice data and expert interview, with a rigorous design and good scientificity and practicability.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Altitude ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Consumption

ObjectiveTo investigate the application of intraoperative Computed Tomograph (CT) using in surgery for complex acetabular fractures.MethodsFrom June 2008 to December 2010,14 patients (9 males,5 females; with the mean age of 45.1 years; range,28-62 years) with complex acetabular fractures were operated using intraoperative CT.Preoperative radiotherapy and CT scan were adopted to evaluate the fractures.Three dimensional reconstruction based on CT scan was used to mimic surgery.The surgery approach and the type of internal fixators were noted.Intraoperative C-arm and CT scan were used to evaluate the fractures reduction respectively.Decision of additional reduction was made by surgeons according to above mentioned methods respectively and the results were noted.Comparing to preoperative design,the change of surgery plan were noted.Overall time,frequency and radiation dose of intraoperative CT scan were also noted.ResultsAll patients in this study received average 2.7 times of intraoperative CT scan.Mean time of CT scan was 40.4 min and the overall dose of radiation was 47.2 mGy.Decision of additional reduction was made in 3 cases according to C-arm radiography and 4 cases according to CT scan (above mentioned 3 cases were included).The change of surgery plan was made in one case.In postoperative radiography evaluation according to Matta's score system,anatomical reduction were achieved in 8 cases,imperfect reduction in 3 cases and poor reduction in 3 cases.ConclusionIntraoperative CT scan increases the radiation time and dose of patients dramatically.When used to evaluate fracture reduction intraoperatively,it can't take the advantage of traditional C-arm radiography.When delicate preoperative plan is made with radiography and three dimensional reconstruction based on CT data,the efficiency of intraoperative CT scan for complex acetabular fractures are to be discussed.

OBJECTIVETo study modified ilioinguinal approach through the retrospective analysis on the surgical treatment of 63 patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures through anterior approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2013, 63 patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures were treated with the ilioinguinal anterior approach, including 45 males and 18 females, ranging in age from 12 to 68 years old, with an average of (37.71 +/- 13.41) years old. All the patients were divided into two groups: standard ilioinguinal anterior approach group (group A) and modified ilioinguinal anterior approach group(group B). In group A, there were 26 males and 11 females, with an average age of (38.49 +/- 13.64) years old. In group B, there were 19 males and 7 females, with an average age of (36.62 +/- 13.29) years old. Intraoperative and postoperative indicators in group A and B were observed and compared, including operation incision exposure time (from skin incision to complete the ilioinguinal in front of three "windows"), the blood loss, incision close time and treatment effect of Majeed function score.

RESULTSCompared to group A, the incision exposure time of patients in group B was shorter, the blood loss (bleeding during exposure process) was less, and the close incision time was shorter, but the treatment effect of Majeed function score had no significant differences between two groups. All the patients were followed up, and the during ranged from 3 to 36 months, with an average of (18.6 +/- 9.2) months. According to Matta standard assessment reduction of pelvic and acetabular fracture, there were 28 patients got an excellent result, 8 good, and 1 fair in the group A; and 20 patients got an excellent result, 5 good, and 1 fair in the group B. According to Majeed function score for hip function, 20 patients got a satisfactory result, 12 good,4 fair and 1 poor in group A, and the mean score was 82.51 +/- 9.72; and 13 patients got an satisfactory result, 10 good, 3 fair and 0 poor in group B, and the mean score was 80.54 +/- 10.79.

CONCLUSIONThe modified approach has several advantages as follows: providing a good surgical exposure; preventing from the injury of femoral nerve, femoral artery and vein under the inguinal ligament; not needing to open the inguinal canal, which can avoid the occurrence of inguinal hernia, reduce operation prodedures and shorten operation time.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the differential protein expression of left-sided colon cancer and right-sided colon cancer.

METHODSTissue samples of left-sided colon cancer (n=7) and right-sided colon cancer (n=7) were collected. Tissue protein was abstracted and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to examine the gel images. Peptide mass fingerprintings (PMF) was acquired by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and the proteins were identified by data searching with bioinformatics. Immunohistochemical SP method was used for the detection of glucose regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78) and heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) in left-sided colon cancer (n=50) and right-sided colon cancer (n=50) tissues.

RESULTSSixteen differentiating protein spots were identified. Compared with right-sided colon cancer, 10 proteins including GRP78 up-regulated and 6 proteins including HSP20 down-regulated in left-sided colon cancer. Immunohistochemical detection showed that in left and right sided colon cancer, the positive expression rate of GRP78 was 78% (39/50) and 56% (28/50) and the positive expression rate of HSP20 was 34% (17/50) and 72% (36/50), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The positive rate of GRP78 was associated with tumor differentiation, infiltration layer, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis, while the positive rate of HSP20 was associated with tumor gross morphology, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are differentially expressed proteins between left-sided colon cancer and right-sided colon cancer, especially for GRP78 and HSP20, which may be the cause leading to the biological differences between left-sided and right-sided colon cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HSP20 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) on apoptosis and necrosis of myocytes in mice with viral myocarditis.Methods Three hundreds and twenty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 8 groups.Different courses of IVIG were given in varying time after virus inoculation,Chinese medicine Huangqi given in control group.The virus titer in myocardium、percentage of apoptosis and necrosis of myocytes were detected, myocardial histopathologic scores were counted.Results In every IVIG treatment group,the above 3 items were all significantly lower than that in virus control group and Huangqi group,as IVIG early long course group had the best effect.Conclusion IVIG may reduce the percentage of apoptosis and necrosis of myocytes and virus titer in myocardium in mice with viral myocarditis,the effects are better than that of Huangqi.

OBJECTIVETo research the protective effect of pueraria flavonoid on the cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury.

METHODUsing the middle cerebral artery occlusion model (MCAO) in rats, we investigated the influence of pueraria flavonoid on the brain water content, the infarct volume, the activities of SOD, and the content of MDA.

RESULTPueraria Flavonoid could obviously reduce the brain water content and the infract volume in MCAO, increase the activities of SOD, and decrease the content of MDA in the cerebral ischemia- reinfusion model of rats.

CONCLUSIONPueraria has the function of scavenging free radicals and the protective effect on ischemic brain tissue.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; complications ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pueraria ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Altitude ; Brain ; drug effects ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Tablets