Aclarubicin ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Child ; Cytarabine ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy on constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) treated with acupuncture for regulating the mind and strengthening the spleen and the impacts on the quality of life in the patients.

METHODSSixty patients of IBS-C were randomized into two groups. In the acupuncture group (30 cases), acupuncture was applied to Tianshu (ST 25), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Taichong (LR 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yintang (GV 29) and Baihui (GV 20), once a day, 5 treatments a week and 4 weeks treatment as one session. In the western medication group (30 cases), lactulose oral solution was prescribed, 15 mL each time, three times a day, 4 weeks treatment as one session. The symptom grade scale and the quality of life scale (IBS-QOL) were adopted to observe the changes in clinical symptoms and quality of life before treatment, after treatment and 2-month follow-up after treatment in the patients of the two groups separately.

RESULTS(1) Clinical symptom score: the difference in the symptom score at each time point was significant statistically in intra-group comparison (P < 0.01). In 1 week, 4 weeks of treatment and 2 months after treatment, the clinical symptom scores in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the western medication group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) IBS-QOL score after treatment was improved as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01). The improvement of IBS-QOL at 2 months after treatment in the acupuncture group was apparently superior to the western medication group (P < 0.05). (3) The total effective rate was 90.0% (27/30) in the acupuncture group and was 83.3% (25/30) in the western medication group. The overall efficacy in the acupuncture group was better than that in the western medication group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture for regulating the mind and strengthening the spleen significantly relieves the clinical symptoms of IBS-C and improves QOL of patients. The total efficacy is superior to lactulose oral solution and presents a certain of long-term efficacy.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Constipation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effects of treadmill training on hindlimb motor recovery and noradrenaline (NA) fibers in rats with spinal cord contusion.MethodsSpinal cord contusions at the T10 level were induced in 3-month old female SD rats by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm.The injured rats were then randomly divided into a control group and a treadmill training group ( n =15 in each group).Treadmill training began 1 week post-injury.No treatment was administered to the control group rats.Hindlimb motor function was evaluated weekly from the 1 st to the 9th week post-injury using Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores and average combined scores (ACOs).The expression of dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) in the spinal cord caudal to the injured area was detected by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsThe treadmill training group exhibited significantly greater improvement in BBB scores from the 3rd week to the 7th week and in ACOs from the 2nd to the 9th week post-injury compared with the control group.The number of DBH positive fibers in the injured spinal cords and the number of DBH positive neurons in the injured frontal horns were also significantly higher in the training group.ConclusionsTreadmill training can promote the recovery of hindlimb motor function in rats after spinal cord contusion,perhaps by increasing the number of DBH positive fibers and DBH positive neurons.

Objective CD44, a cell surface glycoprotein, plays an important role in tumor growth and glycolysis.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neutralizing CD44 antibodies on the growth and glycolytic metabolism of B16 cells in melanoma in vitro.Methods B16 cells were treated with control antibodies (50 μg/mL) or different concentrations of CD44 antibodies (2, 10, and 50 μg/mL) for 24 hours, followed by examination of the activation of the AKT pathway in the B16 cells by Western blot.Then the tumor cells were also treated with control antibodies (50 μg/mL) or CD44 antibodies (50μg/mL) after pretreated with API-2 (4 μmol/L) in a parallel test.After 48 hours of treatment, the expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in the B16 cells and the level of lactate in the culture supernatant were detected by immunofluorescence and colorimetry, respectively.Lastly, the B16 cells were treated with control antibodies (50μg/mL), API-2 (4 μmol/L), CD44 antibodies (50μg/mL), or API-2 + CD44 antibodies for 96 hours, followed by measurement of the proliferation of the cells by MTT and their apoptosis by AO/EB and AnnexinV staining.Results In comparison with the control antibody group, the level of AKT phosphorylation (p-AKT) in the B16 cells showed a concentration-dependent increase in the 2, 10, and 50 μg/mL CD44 antibody groups (1.00±0.25 vs 2.51±0.32, 3.89±0.46, and 4.07±0.42, P<0.01), and the expression of LDHA was increased by (2.13±0.24) times, with the lactate level in the culture supernatant significantly elevated from (35.32±3.24) to (56.34±8.19) mmol/L (P<0.01) after 96 hours of treatment with 50 μg/mL CD44 antibodies.Treatment with API-2+CD44 antibodies, however, suppressed the increase in the LDHA expression and reduced the level of lactate.Compared with the control antibody group, the proliferation rate of the B16 cells was markedly decreased in the API-2, CD44 antibody, and API-2+CD44 antibody groups ([103±12.91] vs [84.87±19.35], [71.35±16.23], and [41.16±9.15]%, P<0.05), while the apoptosis rate remarkably increased ([5.23±0.96] vs [13.65±4.27], [19.21±3.53], and [43.21±7.87]%, P<0.01).Conclusion Neutralizing the function of CD44 in the B16 cells in vitro can inhibit the growth of the cells and promote AKT-mediated glycolytic metabolism, while suppressing the AKT pathway may enhance the antitumor activity of the CD44 antibody.

This study started from the effect of baicalin (BC), the main active component of the labiaceae plant Scutellaria baicalensis, on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats, to explore the mechanism of glucose metabolism reprogramming in fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLSs), a key effector cell of synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). First of all, CIA rats and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced RASFs in vitro and in vivo models were established, the arthritis index (AI) score and histopathological changes of CIA rats after BC administration were observed, and the levels of inflammatory factors in serum and cell supernatant were quantified by ELISA, immunocytochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) proteins. In addition, the kit was used to measure the levels of key products and enzyme activities in glucose metabolism reprogramming. The results showed that BC (50, 100 and 200 mg·kg^-1) could alleviate the symptoms of arthritis in CIA rats in a dose-dependent manner, inhibit synovial hyperplasia, alleviate the infiltration of inflammatory cells, down-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and up-regulate the levels of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in CIA rats. At the same time, the secretion levels of lactate, pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, citrate and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH-B) were decreased, and the expressions of GRP81 and PDK1 were down-regulated, suggesting that BC mediated the reprogramming process of glucose metabolism. However, when GPR81 inhibitor 3-OBA inhibited lactate uptake, the activity of LDH-B was significantly increased, suggesting that BC inhibited the expression of PDK1, a key enzyme in the reprogramming metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. All animal experiments in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Laboratory Animal Care Center of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: AHUCM-rats-2021049). These studies revealed that baicalin mediated metabolic reprogramming of RASFs from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation by inhibiting PDK1 protein expression, and alleviated joint inflammation in CIA rats.

Objective To review our experiences of diagnostic methods and surgical treatment of the left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining into the left atrium.Methods Nineteen patients with LSVC draining into the left atrium were diagnosed and treated surgically from February 1998 to January 2012.All the cases were combined with other congenital heart diseases including patent ductus arteriosus,ventricular septal defect,atrial septal defect,single atrium,triatriatum,partial endocardial cushion defect,anomalous pulmonary venous drainage,right ventricle outflow stenosis,pulmonary valve stenosis,tetralogy of Fallot,double outlet right ventricle,complete endocardial cushion defect,tricuspid atresia.The patients were diagnosed through different methods including echocartiographic examination,cardiac catheterization,computer tomography,and explored during the operation,even postoperatively.All were treated surgically with four techniques including simple ligation to the LSVC,including ligation during a redo procedure; intra atrial rerouting to drainage the flow from the LSVC to the right atrium,atrial septum reconstruction to make the outlet of the LSVC lying in the right side of the patched atrial septal,and bidirectional Glenn shunt to get a physiological result.Results No mortality postoperatively.All the cases were uneventful postoperatively.And the main postoperative course was related only to the main diagnosis of congenital heart disease,not to the left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium.The echo examination result was satisfied before the discharge.The early and long term follow-up(1-11 years) results are excellent,no arrhythmia,no cardiac deficits after echo examination,including stenosis obstruction and residual shunt.No death.Conclusion The diagnostic methods of the LSVC draining into the left atrium are difficult,the only way to make the diagnosis clearly enough before the operation is depending on improving of more and more comprehending to this rare cardiac anomaly,by the pediatric cardiologists,the sinologist,the intensive care unit,and the pediatric cardiae surgeons.The choice of different surgical treatment is depending on the diagnosis and the findings during the operations,and the results are excellent after a suitable choice made.

Objective To analyze the outcome of the flow-through anterolateral thigh flap for reconstruction in the Gustilo type Ⅲ C traumatized extremities.Methods From June 2008 to June 2011,sixteen flow-through anterolateral thigh flaps were used for limb salvage.All in this series suffered from Gustilo type Ⅲ C open fractures in upper (4 cases) or lower extremities (12 cases).All patients had the presence of wide segmental soft tissue defects and segmental artery defects with compromised circulation.Four patients received primary operations and 12 patients received debridement combined with vacuum sealing drainage and secondary operations.Results All patients were followed up from 12 months to 40 months (average of 22 months).The mean age was 37.5 years old (from 18 to 62 years).The mean timing of free flap transfer was 6.7 days after injury (from 5 hours to 16 days).The mean artery defect was 12 cm in length (from 6 to 16 cm).All the flaps survived completely with a soft tissue texture.After operation,infection occurred in one patient,venous thrombosis occurred 1 day post-operatively in one patient,local flap necrosis occurred in two patients.No donor site morbidity was noted.In the last follow-up,according to Johner-Wruhs and Berton scores,the overall excellent/good rate for lower and upper extremities were 83.3％ and 75.0％ respectively.Conclusion Flow-through anterolateral thigh flaps provide for reconstruction of both the vessels and soft tissue simultaneously.Because of avoiding sacrificing one of the major vessels,it particularly indicates for only one major artery survival in the extremity.The clinical results show that the above reconstruction technique is useful for upper and lower extremities salvage.

Objective To discuss the safety and efficacy of straight light beam greenlight photoselective vaporesection of the prostate (PVRP) and photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods 113 cases of BPH were randomly divided into two groups, 62 cases in PVRP group and 51cases in PVP group. Clinical data was collected and compared between the two groups, including pre-operation and six month after operation international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL), urine flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine (PVR), as well as operational time, operative bleeding volume, bladder irrigation time, indwelling catheter time after operation and complications after operation. Results All the patients were operated successfully without serious complications. There was significant difference in operative time [(49.4 ± 18.9) min vs (75.1 ± 20.7) min (P < 0.05)] between the two groups. There were no significant difference in blood loss and bladder washing time after operation. The Qmax after 6 months of surgery, PVR, IPSS, QOL of the two groups had significantly improved compared with preoperative (P < 0.05), while the difference between the two groups had no significance in statistics (P > 0.05). Conclusions Treatment of straight light beam greenlight PVRP and PVP are safe and effective for BPH. Straight light beam greenlight PVRP has the advantages of shorter operation time.

OBJECTIVETo explore the predictive factors of sensitivity to preoperative concomitant radiochemotherapy for the local mid-low advanced rectal cancer in order to guide the individualized therapy.

METHODSClinicopathologic data of 44 patients with local mid-low advanced rectal cancer receiving preoperational concomitant radiochemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Expression of epidemical growth factor receptor (EGFR) in biopsy specimen was detected with SP immunohistochemistry (IHC). Downstaging of tumor TNM stage and tumor regression grade (TRG) after radiochemotherapy were used as the standards of sensitivity to preoperational concomitant radiochemotherapy. Association of EGFR expression and pathological change with clinicopathological data before radiochemotherapy (gender, age, pathological type, tumor TNM stage, serum CEA, CA199, radiation method, etc) was analyzed.

RESULTSPercentage of downstaging of tumor TNM stage and 3-4 TRG in patients with negative or weak positive EGFR expression was significantly higher as compared to those with strong and moderate positive EGFR expression [86.7% (13/15) vs. 30.4% (7/23), P<0.01; 80.0% (12/15) vs. 8.7% (2/23), P<0.01]. Percentage of downstaging of tumor TNM stage and 3-4 TRG in patients with tubular adenocarcinoma was significantly higher as compared to those with mucous adenocarcinoma [61.8% (21/34) vs. 10.0% (1/10), P<0.01; 47.1 (16/34) vs. 0 (0/10), P<0.01]. EGFR expression was not associated with pathological type (P>0.05). Sensitivity to preoperative concomitant radiochemotherapy was not associated with age, gender, tumor stage, tumor differentiation, serum CEA, serum CA199 and radiation method (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPathological type and EGFR expression level may be two independent predictive markers of sensitivity to preoperative concomitant radiochemotherapy for patients with rectal cancer. Patients with tubular adenocarcinoma or low EGFR expression in tumor tissue may be more sensitive to concomitant radiochemotherapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Preoperative Care ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of T lymphoma invasion and metastasis inducing factor 1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (Tiam 1 ASODN) transfection on the morphology and invasive migration potential of gastric cancer cells.

METHODSThe higher invasive and migratory subgroup (M(H)) were separated from human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 (M(0)) by laminin adhesion method in vitro. Tiam 1 ASODN was transfected into M(H) cells with liposome, and the expression of Tiam 1 mRNA and protein was determined by RT-PCR and flowcytometry respectively. The changes in morphology, the invasive and migratory potential between Tima 1 ASODN transfected M(H) cells and no transfected M(H) cells were observed by HE stain, cytoskeletal protein stain, scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and Boyden chamber test.

RESULTSCompared with the control, the expression of Tiam 1 mRNA and protein in M(H) cells was significantly decreased after transfected with 0.43 micromol/L ASODN(P< 0.01). The invasive and migratory potential of M(H) cells in vitro was also much more decreased than that of no transfected cells (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). At the same time, transfected M(H) cells had less membrane surface projections, fewer or shorter pseudopodia, less irregular cytoskeletal network and less spotted-like actin bodys than no transfected M(H) cells did.

CONCLUSIONTiam 1 ASODN transfection can effectively suppress the expression of Tiam 1 in gastric cancer cells and impair its invasive and migratory potential in vitro, which may be fulfilled through modulating the reconstruction of cytoskeleton and decreasing the deforming and migratory potential of gastric cancer cells.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Flow Cytometry ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors ; genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1 ; Transfection