Objective To discuss digital subtraction angiography(DSA)findings and interventional treatment of broncho-costoarterial pulmonary circulation fistula(BPF).Methods Fifty one patients with massive hemoptysis were undergone DSA showing 19 cases with BPF.All BPF were cmbolized with 500～700?PVA, silk particles and segments,and steel coil;separately or in combination according to shunt orifice size and blood flow velocity.Results There were 4 types of BPF demonstrated by DSA according to feeding and drainage vessels,including 13 cases of bronchial artery-pulmonary artery shunt(AAS),2 cases of bronchial artery-pulmonary venous shunt(AVS),3 cases of intercostal artery-pulmonary artery shunt(IAPS)and 1 case of bronchial arteriovenous malformatoin(B-AVM).All patients were followed up for 1～4 years,with 18 cases of complete symptomless during 7 days postoperatively obtaining,the effective rate of 94.7%.There were 3 recurrent cases within 1 year with the recurrent rate of 15.79%.Conlusions BPF is the main factor for inducing and aggrevating pulmonary hemoptysis and interventional embolization serves as a safe and effective treatment.The method could be used repeatedly for recurrent cases and furthermore emphasis should be put on treating the primary pulmonary diseases simultaneously.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:84-87)

BACKGROUND:Studies have confirmed that the surface treatment methods such as silane coupling agent and sand blasting could improve bonding strength of zirconia ceramics and resin binder. In addition, the increase of micro cracks on the surface of zirconia ceramics can also improve the bonding strength of zirconia ceramics and resin binder. But there is a lack of related studies addressing whether repeatedly sintering would have an impact on shear bond strength of zirconia ceramics.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of decorative porcelain temperature firing on the shear bond strength between dental zirconia ceramics and resin binder.
METHODS:Twenty pieces of zirconia ceramics specimens were selected from 40 tablets, and then randomly divided into five groups according to the number of sintered times:control group (without sintering), sintering groups for 2, 4, 6, 8 times. Heat starting temperature was 500 ℃, and final temperature was 1 000 ℃ with a heating rate of 55 ℃/min. The vacuum time was 7 minutes. During the sintering, the final temperature was constant. Unsintered ceramic pieces were bonded using resin binder. Universal testing machine was used to test the shear strength of the interface between the two pieces of zirconia ceramics. The interface after shearing was characterized by scanning electron microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The shear strength of sintering groups for 4, 6, 8 times was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Shear strength of specimens sintered twice was slightly higher than that of specimens without sintering, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Shear strength of specimens sintered 8 times was slightly higher than that sintered 4 and 6 times (P<0.05). Under the scanning electron microscope, there was no crack on the surface of non-sintered zirconia ceramics. After 2 times sintering, the surface appeared to have fine cracks. After sintering 4 times, visible cracks were increased. After six rounds of sintering, the surface began to have significant changes;cracks rose along with slight gaps and a smal amount of adhesive residues were found. After sintering for 8 times, cracks and voids were obviously increased on the sintered surface and adhesive residues were found. It indicated that after sintering for 4, 6 and 8 times, zirconia ceramics could have a good shear strength binding to resin adhesives;with the increasing of sintering times, the shear bond strength could be increased.

Using the high efficient copper-adsorbing yeast strain Y17 as absorbing material, the major affect factors including pH, original concentration of Cu2+, cell biomass, adsorption time and temperature were examined, and then the absorbing sites of the Y17 was determined. The results showed that the solution pH was the most dominate factor which affected the biosorption of Cu2+, the other affecting factors were the ini- tial concentration of Cu2+, the cell biomass added, and adsorption time, respectively; the temperature had lit- tle effect on the rate of biosorption. The orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal absorption condition was as follow: the solution pH was 5.0, the absorption time was 40 min, the cell biomass of Y17 added was 5.0 g/L, and the concentration of Cu2+ was 8 mmol/L; the highest adsorbing rate was up to 82.7% at this condition. Based on the results of different pretreatments and the desorption of Cu2+, the cell wall of Y17 was identified as the main place occurring boisorption process, and the -NH2 group, -COOH group on the surface of the yeast cells played an important role on the boisorption process.

BACKGROUND:Pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation evolves rapidly. There is a high mortality rate in patients with server pulmonary infection. It has the important significance of early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection, but some patients appear to have impaired kidney function because of the adjustment of immunosuppressants. OBJECTIVE:To explore the approaches to applying the immunosuppressants during the treatment of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation. METHODS:The clinical data of 85 kidney transplantation patients who suffered from pulmonary infection were retrospectively analyzed. There were 43 cases in which the infection occurred within 1-6 months after kidney transplantation, 39 of which within 2-4 months; 7 cases of infection occurring within 6-12 months; 7 cases of infection within 12-24 months; 6 cases of infection within 24-36 months; 22 cases of infection occurring beyond 36 months. The immunosuppressant dose was adjusted based on a per-case basis. As a complement, the smal-dose hormone was used for anti-inflammation. Etiological treatments for resisting infections were also conducted accordingly. Ventilators were utilized for patients with respiratory failures. The body temperature of patients was monitored and controled. Appropriate nutrition support was also provided accordingly. There were 44 cases of decreasing or stopping the use of immunosuppressants during the early period of pulmonary infection; 19 cases of decreasing or stopping the use of immunosuppressants during the treatment of pulmonary infection;5 cases of stopping the use of immunosuppressants during the period of severe pneumonia; 15 cases of gradualy changing the dose of immunosuppressants during the early and progressive period of pneumonia; 2 cases of decreasing the use during the early period of pneumonia and stopping the use during the period of severe pneumonia. The duration of decreasing or stopping the use of immunosuppressants ranged from 3-51 days, with an average of 10.7 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 85 patients, there were 81 cases cured and 4 cases of death. Among the four death cases, two cases died of acute respiratory failure and two cases died of multiple organ failure. Of the cured 81 cases, acute rejection occurred in 3 cases, while renal alograft dysfunction occurred in 6 cases. Decreasing or temporarily stopping the use of immunosuppressants during the treatment of pulmonary infection caused by the kidney transplantation increases the cure rate and decreases the mortality rate; while timely resuming the usage of immunosuppressants effectively protects the renal graft function, especialy for patients with renal graft dysfunction.

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic value of the radiologic characteristics of osteoporotic Kummell's disease.

METHODSTotal 16 patients with pathologically confirmed osteoporotic Kummell's diseases were reviewed from May 2010 to May 2012, including 4 males and 12 females with the mean age of 73.4 years (ranged, 67 to 83 years old). Radiologic imagings of all patients, including X-ray, CT and MRI, were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSIntravertebral linear clefts could be seen on the AP and lateral X-ray films of vertebrae. Sagittal and axial CT scans demonstrated the vacuum cleft phenomenon with liquid and air was identified within the vertebral body. Sagittal MRI showed the callapsed vertebral segment and the area of fluid signal with clear and intact border within the vertebral body. The fluid signal was low on T1-weighted images and high on T2-weighted images and stir images, which was corresponding to an intravertebral vacuum cleft.

CONCLUSIONThe radiologic characteristics of Kurmmell's diseases can provide valuable evidences for the early diagnosis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osteonecrosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To investigate the protective factors and risk factors of nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among health care workers (HCWs) , and thus provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods: With the case-control study,a standardized questionnaire was used for data collection in three general hospitals where nosocomial infection had occurred. Univariate analysis was done at first. All concerned factors about SARS infection were scanned by using Chi-square test and Fisher' s exact test one by one, and determined as to whether they were risk factors or protective factors according to odd ratio (OR) score. Then, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to re-analyze the picked-out factors for finding out which factors played independent roles. Results: Twenty-two factors (nineteen protective factors and three risk factors), among the total fifty-six factors, were significantly associated with SARS infection. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression revealed that factors such as double exposure suits ( OR = 0.053 ), education ( OR =0.072), gloves ( OR =0.102), hands sterilized by iodine ( OR =0.231 ), room air ventilation (OR = 0.32), were significantly protective; conversely, tracheal intubation ( OR = 30.793 ) was a significant risk factor. Conclusion: Strict defense and antisepsis measures were pivotal in preventing SARS infection among high-risk medical personnel. Education about associated knowledge and effective air ventilation were also important factors.

Objective To study the effects of oncolytic adenoviruses ZD55 harboring IL-24 gene (ZD55-IL-24) on the apoptosis of human melanoma cell line A375. Methods The oncolytie adenoviruses ZD55-IL-24 were verified by PCR. Then, the viruses were propagated, purified, and titrated by HEK293 cell plaque assay. A375 cells were cultured, divided into three groups transfected with ZD55-1L-24, ZD55 fused with enhanced green fluorescent protein (ZD55-EGFP), and replication-deficient adenovirus ZD55 carrying IL-24 gene (AD-IL-24), respectively. The multiplicity of infection was 0.1, 1, 10 and 100, respectively.Subsequently, the eytotoxity of these viruses and proliferation of A375 cells were determined by crystal violet staining and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, respectively. The expressions of EIA and IL-24 protein were detected by Western blot in A375 cells. Results PCR verified that the adenoviruses ZD55-IL-24 contained IL-24 gene without wild adenovirns contamination. Crystal violet staining revealed that ZD55-IL-24 had an obvious eytotoxic effect on A375 cells, and MTT assay indicated that ZD55-IL-24 inhibited the proliferation of A375 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. As shown by Western blot analysis, ZD55-1L-24 expressed IL-24 and E1A protein in A375 cells with a high efficiency. Conclusions The oncolytic adenoviruses ZD55-IL-24 can efficiently express IL-24 gene, inhibit the proliferation of, and induce the apoptosis in A375 cells.

BACKGROUND:The adhesion between muscle tendon and surrounding tissue after tendon restoration is one hot topic in clinic.
OBJECTIVE:To construct a deep flexor tendon transection model in the third toe of female Leghorn chicken and to explore the effect of peritenon transplantation on the prevention of tendon adhesions.
METHODS:After the transection models were successful y established, the third toe of left claw was taken as experimental group A. The transected tendon was sutured, the tendon anastomosis end was wrapped with the peritenon of the deep flexor tendon from the ipsilateral fourth toe (experimental group B). The third toe of right claw served as control group A, the transfected tendon was sutured and restored with the peritenon. The fourth toe of right claw was taken as control group B. Gross observation and histological observation of the tendon were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 28 days postoperatively, gross observation and histological observation of Leghorn chicken were performed and compared using the Kruskal-Wal isH and Nemenyi test, respectively. The results showed that, the therapeutic effect was better in experimental group A than in control group A (P<0.05), but slightly poorer compared with control group B and experimental group B (P<0.05). The postoperative effect was better in experimental group B than in control group A (P<0.05) and showed no significant difference between experimental group B and control group B (P>0.05). The flexor function was evaluated and compared with the least significant difference t-test. The results showed that the postoperative effect was better in experimental group A than in control group A (P<0.05), but slightly poorer compared with control group B and experimental group B (P<0.05). The postoperative effect was better in experimental group B than in control group A (P<0.05) and showed no significant difference compared with control group B (P>0.05). Peritenon transplantation can effectively prevent tendon adhesions and has little impact on normal tendon sliding.

BACKGROUND:Tendon adhesions after tendon repair have been one of the problems difficult to solve in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the current situation and progress of the prevention of postoperative tendon adhesions. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed databases for articles related to prevention of tendon adhesions published from January 1971 to May 2014 using the keywords of “tendon injury; tendon adhesions; progress” in Chinese and English, respectively. Repetitive content and irrelevant articles were excluded, and finaly 40 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of tendons and causes of tendon adhesions, summarize the methods for prevention of tendon adhesions and the therapeutic effects, and thereby analyze the pros and cons of various methods and materials for prevention of tendon adhesions. Prevention of tendon adhesions after tendon repair involves various aspects: thorough debridement, better surgical approach, microsurgical repair of tendon tissues, applications of drugs and barrier materials, physical therapy as wel as appropriate functional exercise after tendon repair. The integrated use of these means can be done to prevent the occurrence of postoperative tendon adhesions.

Objective To examine the relationship between the concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25-(OH) D3] in the serum and the body mass,the severity of obesity,body mass index(BMI),blood lipid,and their predicting role in obesity children.Methods The study recruited 244 subjects,who see the doctor in Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Childhood Nutrition Outpatient from Jul.2011 to Feb.2013.The intake dose of vitamin D each day was investigated,and weight,height,BMI,concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in serum,and microelement were also measured.In addition,lipid metabolism of 38 cases with obesity over 3 years old was determined.Results 1.The serum 25-(OH) D3 concentration of obese children was (68.31 ± 23.06) nmol/L.The concentration of 25-(OH) D3 was lowest in the group of obese children over 36 months of age[(55.03 ± 15.18) nmol/L].2.The concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in the group of obese and overweight children was far lower than that of the children in the normal group (F =4.739,P ＜0.05).3.The concentrations of 25-(OH) D3 in the severely obese children was significantly lower than that of the mild and moderate obesity children(F =9.711,P ＜ 0.05).4.There were significantly inverse associations of serum 25-(OH) D3 with weight,weight and height percentage,BMI (r =-0.365,-0.237,-0.175,all P ＜ 0.001).5.There were significantly inverse associations between the concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in serum with weight,triglyceride in obese children more than 3 years old (r =0.476,-0.324,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The decreasing level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in the serum was associated with obesity.The cause of it might be the increase of the obese adipose tissue,vitamin D getting trapped in fat cells,and all these factors can lead to a less serum vitamin D levels.The vitamin D consumption of obese children is higher than that of normal children,and should supply more vitamin D to reach normal 25-(OH) D3 level.