Objective　To monitor KBD prevalence rate in Changdu of Tibet.Methods　The aged 7～12 year children are tested with X- ray and epidemiological investigation.Results　Xizang are still high yet,the 3 of 4 porints X-rates are more than 20% and the highest one is 55.34%.Conclusions　The Changdu is the severest point of KBD in our country.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Radiography

BACKGROUND:The previous literatures have reported that the aneurysmal bone cyst has a high recurrence rate after curettage treatment.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement in the treatment of distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 19 patients with distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst who treated with less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement in the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao between January 2002 and January 2012. The purpose of the treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst was to completely remove the cyst and prevent recurrence, and to repair and reconstruct the structure and function of the damaged tissues through implant fixation.
RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:The 19 patients were fol owed-up for 1-3 years after treated with less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement, and 18 cases recovered wel , one case had recurrence at 2 years after treatment. Complete removal of aneurysmal bone cyst is the key for the prevention of recurrence. The less invasive stabilization system plate is the combination of advantages of intramedul ary nail and the biological locking plate technology, which has many advantages in the treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst. Fil ing the lesion area with bone cement had certain kil ing effect on tumor, and can increase the bone strength in the lesion area. The surgical treatment of distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst is to clear the cystic lesions firstly, and then to prevent the recurrence through less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement.

ObjectiveTo study the role of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells (pericytes)in early myocardial ischemia.MethodsThirty healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided by body weight into normal control group and subcutaneous multi-point injection of isoprenaline(Isp) group.Five rats were anesthetized after 0,2,4,6,12,24 and 48 h in each group.Blood was taken in eyeballs and,serum was separated,heart was taken and fixed in 4％ paraformaldehyde solution.The myocardial enzymes [serum apartate aminotransferase ( AST ),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB)] were determined by biochemical automatic analyzer,the expression of α-SMA and vimentin in myocardial tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining and changes of pericytes in early myocardial ischemia was observed by morphometric analysis.ResultsThe level of myocardial enzymes AST[(160.25 ± 3.86),(172.60 ± 8.82),(192.20 ± 25.35)U/L],and LDH[(1466.25 ± 643.38),(1645.20 ± 326.83),(1701.60 ± 640.06)U/L],12,24 and 48 h after subcutaneous injection of Isp,were higher than that[(129.18 ± 19.65),(849.45 ± 248.54)U/L,all P ＜ 0.05] of the control group.The level of CK[(1097.60 ± 301.57),(1247.20 ± 243.84),(1263.75 ± 271.22),(1448.00 ± 647.00),(1268.40 ± 479.81)U/L],and CK-MB[(217.12 ± 35.89),(229.08 ± 97.11),(251.70 ± 46.82),(318.80 ±77.76),(249.04 ±:98.54)U/L],4,6,12,24 and 48 h after subcutaneous injection of Isp,were higher than that [(713.45 ± 146.30),(147.05 ± 25.75)U/L,all P ＜ 0.05] of the control group.The number of α-SMA positive cells(61.00 ± 17.25),4 h after Isp injection,was significantly increased compared with that(28.20 ± 5.81,18.20 ± 2.17) of 24 and 48 h after Isp injection.The number of α-SMA positive cells in 48 h group was less than that(50.00 ± 3.61,P ＜ 0.05) of 6 h group.The number of vimentin positive cells in 6,12,24,48 h groups (4.17 ± 2.49,5.24 ± 2.84,8.37 ± 2.18,7.73 ± 2.49) were higher than that(1.88 ± 1.85,2.21 ± 1.54) of the control group and 4 h group(all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with 24 and 48 h groups,the level of vimentin protein was increased in 6 and 12 h groups(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionThe number of pericytes in early myocardial ischemia is higher than that of other mesenthymal cells,and pericytes may be the main effector cells in the generation and development of myocardial fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological factors that may influence serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)level in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods A total of 561 cases of BPH diagnosed by pathological examination following operation were analyzed retrospec- tively.The patients'mean age was(68.3?6.3)years.The International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)was 21.1?7.4;the quality of life(QOL)was 4.5?0.8;Qmax was(7.3?3.3)ml/s;prostate volume(PV) was(69.8?36.8)ml;andpost-void residue(PVR)was(81.9?105.8)ml.Results Of 561 cases,223 cases(39.8%)had serum PSA level at 4-10 ng/ml,and 91 cases(16.2%),over 10 ng/ml.The level of serum PSA was not significantly associated with age,IPSS,QOL,Qmax and PVR(r=0.08,0.03,0.06,0.04 and 0.09,respectively;P＞0.05),but significantly associated with prostate volume of BPH(r=0.42,P＜0.01).The level of serum PSA was significantly elevated in BPH patients with enlarged prostate volume (F=93.45,P＜0.05)and the history of acute urinary retention(x~2= 59.1,P＜0.01).Additionally,a significantly increased PSA level was noted in tissue specimens with glandular hyperplasia(x~2=16.14,P＜0.01)or necrotic loci in BPH patients(x~2=36.06,P＜0.01).Conclusions An elevated serum PSA level was observed in more than 50% of BPH patients undergoing surgical resection.Enlarged prostate volume,the history of acute urinary,retention,and tissue specimens with glandular hyperplasia or necrotic foci are considered to be the main causes leading to elevated PSA level in BPH patients.

BACKGROUND:Complex scapular fractures were mainly treated by implant fixation. Standard fixation approach (Judet approach) had long incision and big trauma. With the application of spiral CT and three-dimensional reconstruction, minimal y invasive incision could be designed before implant fixation, and then fixation could be finished by physicians. Thus, trauma was reduced and repair effect was elevated. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of the three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with titanium plate reconstruction or lag screw for treatment of scapular fractures. METHODS:From February 2007 to January 2012, 33 cases of scapular fractures were enrol ed from Department of Orthopedics, No. 1 Hospital of Qinhuangdao in China. They were scanned by three dimensional reconstruction of CT before implant fixation to identify the regions needed to be repositioned and fixed. Thus, minimal y invasive incision of implant fixation was designed. The dissection of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle was reduced. Reposition was performed. Titanium plate and/or lag screw were used for fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operation lasted for 90-130 minutes in 33 patients, with intraoperative blood loss for 300-400 mL. Fracture was total y healed, and the healing time was 2-4 months. The fol ow up lasted for 12-24 months. According to Hardegger standard, there were excellent in 17 cases, good in 12 cases, average in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 88%. These results suggested that three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with minimal y invasive incision treatment for scapular fractures showed fewer traumas, can complete the satisfactory fracture reduction and implant fixation, and obtain good repair effect.

Objective To investigate the present status of Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD) in Qingzhou at present, and provide a scientific basis for decision-making in controlling the disease. Methods According to The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control in 2007, children aged 7 to 12 were chosen to receive clinical and X-ray examination in 3 villages of 2 towns in Qingzhou. Local adults aged 16 years and older were clinically diagnosed in 10 villages of 4 towns and divided into different groups according to the clinical degrees and their ages. The Diagnostic Criteria of Kashin Beck Disease(GB 16003-1995) was carded out by clinical and X-ray diagnosis. Results Two hundred and sixty school children aged 7 to 12 were clinically diagnosed, and the patients of I degree upwards of KBD were not detected. One hundred and ninety-eight school children aged 7 to 12 were examined by X-ray, and the detectable rate was 0(0/198). In 7099 adults aged 16 years old upwards clinically tested, 502 patients of degree I and higher of KBD were detected and the detectable rate was 7.07%(502/7099). The patients distributed mainly in the population aged 36 years old and older, accounting for 99.00% (497/502). Conclusions Although KBD in children have been controlled in Qingzhou, it is still serious in adults. So the monitoring of KBD should be carried on and prevention and control for KBD in adults should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo investigate relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hyperlipemia, and to clear out possible factors related to BPH etiology.

METHODSA total of 462 cases of BPH diagnosed by pathological examination were studied retrospectively.

RESULTSOf 462 cases, BPH with hyperlipemia was noted in 232 cases (50.22%). In comparison with the data of simple BPH, both prostate volume (P = 0.029) and residual urine (P = 0.03) were significantly increased in the BPH patients with hyperlipemia. Statistical analysis regarding the effects of different components of serum lipid on BPH clinical factors showed that the level of high density lipoprotein was significantly associated with both the enlargement of prostate volume (P < 0.05) and increasing of serum PSA (P < 0.05) Further study indicated that hypertension was demonstrated in 39.2% patients of BPH with hyperlipemia. Hyperlipemia accompanied with hypertension in BPH patients was significantly related to increased IPSS (P = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONThe situation of BPH with hyperlipemia is frequently noted in clinics, and the decreased level of high-density lipoprotein is significantly associated with the enlargement of prostate volume. Co-existence of hypertension with hyperlipemia in BPH patients greatly worsens the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of BPH. Hyperlipemia may be one of the risk factors in the processes of BPH growth and progression.

Aged ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; complications ; Hypertension ; complications ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; complications ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of hypertension on cell proliferation and apoptosis in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSThe techniques of immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) were used to detect the proliferative index (PI) and apoptotic index (AI) in both epithelium and stroma of simple BPH (40 cases) and BPH with hypertension (40 cases), respectively.

RESULTSIn both the groups of simple BPH and BPH with hypertension, the value of PI was significantly higher than that of AI in epithelium and stroma (P < 0.05), and PI was closely related to the prostate volume (P < 0.05). As compared with the simple BPH group, PI was significantly increased in epithelium and stroma in the group of BPH with hypertension( P < 0.05), in which the disease history of hypertension was positively associated with PI in epithelium and stroma (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHypertension, particularly persistent hypertension state, may enhance cell proliferation in both epithelium and stroma of BPH, and consequently lead to the enlargement of the prostate.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo assess whether primary hypertension affects the occurrence and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSA total of 423 cases of BPH, undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) or open surgery due to severe low urinary tract symptoms, were reviewed and analyzed. All cases were verified to be BPH postoperatively following histopathological examination.

RESULTSOf 423 patients, 295 cases (69.7%) were simple BPH (group BPH-NT); 128 cases (30.3%) were BPH with hypertension (group BPH-HT). The mean age and the incidence of haematuria were significantly higher in group BPH-HT than those in group BPH-NT (P < 0.05). The time of BPH occurrence and surgical treatment in group BPH-HT with mean diastolic blood pressure >/= 90 mmHg was significantly earlier than those with diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). As compared with group BPH-NT, the time of BPH occurrence was significantly earlier in group BPH-HT with more than 10 years hypertension; the rate of urinary retention and haematuria was significantly higher and prostatic volume was significantly greater in group BPH-HT with more than 20 years hypertension; (all P < 0.05). Additionally, prostatic volume was positively correlated with the years of hypertension in group BPH-HT (Rsq = 0.056, P = 0.009).

CONCLUSIONSThe present results demonstrate that BPH may be frequently accompanied by the disease of hypertension. A long-term hypertension, particularly the condition of high diastolic blood pressure may improve the occurrence and clinical progression of BPH.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Hematuria ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Urinary Retention ; etiology