Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Cryptococcosis ; drug therapy ; Fluconazole ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male

Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

BACKGROUND: Cholinergic system projected in brain and hippocampal structure is relevant with learning and memory. Piracetam acts on protecting and repairing cerebral neural cell, resisting cerebral functional injury due to physical and chemical factors and improving learning-memory capacity.OBJECTIVE: Chronic epilepsy in childhood animal and learning-memory complex animal model were self-prepared to observe the changes in content of acetylcholine and activity of cholinacetyltranslase in cerebral hippocampus and the intervention of piracetam.DESIGN: Randomized control experiment and non-blind evaluation were designed.SETTING: Department of Pediatrics of Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Medical UniversityMATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Hebei Medical University and College of Life Sciences of Hebei Normal University from July to December 2004, in which, 50 Wistar childhood rats of clean grade and either sex were employed.METHODS: Coriamyrthin injection was administrated muscularly to duplicated chronic epileptic grand mal model in rats. Muscular injection was repeated once every three days. During modeling, those with general paroxysmal convulsion with posterior extremities standing or falling with standing or general stiffness-paroxysmal attack continuously for 3 times, the injection was changed to be once every 14 days. Ten rats were selected to be in normal control without modeling. The rest 40 rats after 3 months of modeling were randomized into 4 groups, named piracetam of 2.4 g/'L group (Group A), piracetam of 4.8 g/L group (Group B), dilantin 6 g/L +piracetam 4.8 g/L group (Group C) and model group (Group D), 10 rats in each. In each group, gastric infusion was performed continuously in 3 months after modeling, once per day, 10 mL/kg. In Group A and Group B,piracetam mixed solution of 2.4 g/L and 4.8 g/L was administrated for infusion respectively. In Group C, dilantin 6 g/L and piracetam 4.8 g/L were infused. In group D and the control group, normal saline 10 mL/kg was administrated. Relevant index determination was done 1 month after medication. Morris water maze test was performed to discover platform time and searching distance of epileptic rats, continuously for 3 days, twice per day. After test, the rats were sacrificed to collect brains to determine the content of acetylcholine in bilateral hippocampus. The activities of cholinacetyltranslase and acetylcholinesterase were determined with radioimmunity method.of acetylcholine in bilateral hippocampus and the activities of cholinacetyltranslase and acetylcholinesterase of rats in each group.ing platform time of rats in every group: the corresponding average searching time in Group D was increased compared with the control group [(63±11) s, (40±8) s; (61±9) s, (38±7) s; (57±8) s, (36±9) s; (55±11) s,(33±10) s; (52±7) s, (30±9) s; (49±9) s, (27±6) s, P ＜ 0.01]. In Group C and Group B, the searching time of 6 tests was decreased of various degrees compared with Group D [(44±9) s, (45±9) s;(43±9) s, (42±8) s; (42±7) s,(42±7) s; (40±9) s, (39±9) s; (38±7) s, (35±9) s; (35±6) s, (34±8) s,t=2.352-4.029, P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. In every medication group, the average searching time was decreased gradually by the increased frequency of erage searching distance in Group D was remarkably increased compared with the control [(793±74) cm, (420±81) cm;(763±89) cm, (418±57) cm;(690±67) cm, (382±69) cm; (623±81) cm, (356±71) cm;(592±98) cm,(330±69) cm;(550±54) cm,(301±97) cm,P＜ 0.01]. In Group C and Group B, the average searching distance of 6 tests was decreased of various degrees compared with Group D [(586±91) cm, (510±89) cm;(566±70) cm,(497 ±76) cm; (521 ±84) cm, (455 ±56) cm; (480 ±74) cm, (421 ±63) cm;(437±51) cm, (396±79) cm;(392±79) cm, (385±48) cm, t=2.364-4.230, P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. In every medication group, the average searching distance tent of acetylcholine in brain hippocampus and the activities of cholinacetyltranslase and acetylcholinesterase of rats in each group: those in Group D were all remarkably reduced compared with the control [(2.2±0.7) nmol/g,(3.8±0.9) nmol/g;(503.3±103.3) pkat/g, (778.3±125.0) pkat/g;(190.0±51.7) μkat/g, (368.3±86.7) μkat/g, P ＜ 0.01]. In mixed group and Group B, the content of acetylcholine and activity of acetylcholinesterase were remarkably higher than the Group D [(2.7±0.6) nmol/g, (2.9±0.6) nmol/g;(256.7±58.3) μ kat/g, (306.7±88.3) μkat/g, t=3.445-4.148, P ＜ 0.01]. In Group B, the activity of cholinacetyltranslase [(668.3±118.3) kat/g] was remarkably higher than those in the Group D(P ＜ 0.01). Every index in group A was basically same as model group.CONCLUSION: Grand mal of chronic epileptic rat model is characterized as declined capacity of spatial learning and memory and associated with decreased content of acetylcholine and the activities of cholinacetyltranslase and acetylcholinesterase in brain hippocampus, explaining the successful complex model of learning and memory disturbance. Piracetam 4.8 g/L may increase content of acetylcholine and the activities of cholinacetyltranslase and acetylcholinesterase in brain hippocampus and improve learning-memory capacity, but its effect at 2.4 g/L was not remarkable.

In this paper , the causes of patients in emergency ICU were analyzed .The authors used classical theory of ethics to illuminate and put forward the ethical principles that both doctors and patients should follow and the conception of patients′moderate right , as well as the relevant suggestions and strategies , with the aim to make the application of emergency ICU medical resources more reasonable and make the treatment and cure of the emer -gency and critical patients more conform to the requirement of the ethics .

AIM:To observe the effect of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule on learning and memory,and expression of BDNF in brains of picrotoxin-kindled epilepsy rats. METHODS: The epilepsy rat model was established by picrotoxin in jection.The effects of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule were observed on the model groups and compared with sodium valproate group and piracetam group.The behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were observed by Action Observing Box.Its reactions were assessed by snatching rats with the gloves.The learning and memory abilities were tested after Morris water maze training.The brains were made into paraffin sections,processed for HE staining and Nissl staining.The expression levels of BDNF were measured by immunohistochemical S-P techniques. RESULTS: Taking Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule,the behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were markedly improved.The escape latency of searching the platform were shortened and times of rats acrossing the original platform were increased.Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule could reduce neuron impairment and necrosis on the cordex and Hippocampus of epilepsy rats,improve the loss of Nissl bodies,increase BDNF positive remarks. CONCLUSION: Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule can markedly improve impairment of learning and memory in picrotoxin-kindle epilepsy rats,which might be the result of increaseing BDNF expression,the protection of Nissl bodies,making protein synthesize,improving neuron function.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage on recovering and maintaining lumbar curvature, lumbar heights and fusion rate when used in the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

METHODSFrom February to July 2012, 50 patients with degenerative lumbar disease(lumbar disc herniation in 32 cases and lumbar spondylolisthesis in 18 cases) were treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using the n-HA/PA66 cage, and their preoperative and postoperative clinical outcomes were analyzed. The patients were followed up for 2, 4, 6 and 8 months after operation, during which the CR and CT film of lumbar vertebra were checked to get relative height of vertebral space, Taillard index,index of lumbar spinal curvature,angle of segmental and full lumbar lordosis. The data were analyzed respectively with pair t-test, analysis of variance or LSD-t-test.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duraion ranged from 8 to 13 months, with a mean of 11.32 months. There were significant differences in relative height of vertebral space, Taillard index, index of lumbar spinal curvature, angle of segmental and full lumbar lordosis after surgery, but there were no significant differences in different periods after operation. The fusion time of lumbar ranged from 4 to 8 months.

CONCLUSIONThe n-HA/PA66 cage can recover and maintain lumbar normal stability with higher rate of fusion and less complications.

Adult ; Durapatite ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nylons ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo analyze the reasons why anterior decompression and titanium mesh fusion for cervical spondylosis always show poor therapeutic effects, and to investigate the clinical effects of anterior revision surgery in these patients.

METHODSFrom January 2004 to December 2011, 16 patients underwent anterior decompression and titanium mesh fusion for cervical myelopathy were treated with anterior revision surgery. There were 7 males and 9 females with an average age of 61 years old (ranged from 46 to 75 years), including 11 cases with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, 2 cases with nerve root cervical spondylosis and 3 cases with mixed type cervical spondylosis. Average duration from the first operation to reoperation was 7 years(ranged from 4 to 12 years). In the first operation, titanium mesh segment located in C3-C5 (2 cases), C4-C6 (8 cases), C4-C7 (2 cases), C5-C7 (4 cases), and one of them, titanium mesh implantation in C4 and C5,6 intervertebral disk removal and cage fusion. After the first operation, symptom of 13 patients recurred after improvement or disappearance, 2 patients did not show obvious improvement, and 1 patient aggravated. Cervical spine radiography, CT scan and MRI were performed in all patients before re-operation. There were 12 patients with compression of the spinal cord or nerve root caused by degenerative changes in adjacent segments of fusion segments, 4 cases in upper segments, and 8 cases in lower segments; 3 patients with compression of the spinal cord or nerve root caused by vertebral posterior osteophyte of decompressed segments; 1 patient with compression of the spinal cord caused by incomplete anterior decompression. JOA, NDI and Odom classification were used to assess the clinical effects.

RESULTSAll anterior revision surgery were successful with a mean time of 110 min (80 to 150 min) and mean bleeding of 160 ml (30 to 200 ml). There was 30 ml clear drainage fluid in 1 patient suspected of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. But the 2nd day after operation, the tube was removed and the drainage opening was sutured, and the suture incision healed in grade A after 10 days. Other patients had no complications such as dysdipsia, hoarseness, and laryngeal edema, etc. All patients were followed up for 12 to 28 months with an average of 16 months. Two months after operation and at last follow-up, JOA scores and ODI index had obviously improved than preoperation (P < 0.01), and there was significant difference between postoperative 2 months and last follow-up (P < 0.01). At the final follow-up, improvement rate of JOA was (72.9 +/- 0.2)%. According to the standard of Odom, 12 cases got excellent results, 3 good, 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONAfter surgery of cervical decompression and bone graft fusion with titanium mesh, the patients need re-operation because of incomplete decompression, degenerative changes in adjacent segments or newly formed compression factors, and complications caused by implants. Anterior revision surgery can obtain good clinical effects.

Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium

Objective To open out new method,we probe into immune function of??ST and NKT cells in NSCLC.Methods The peripheral blood cells were stained with antibodies labeled with fluorescence in NSCLC,??T,NKT and their set group cells were counted with flow cytometry.Results The absolute counts of??T,CD~+_(56)??T,CD~-_(56)??T,NKT and??T~+ NKT cells in NSCLC was significantly lower than that of normal controls.The relative counts of NKT,??T~+ NKT,??T~-NKT and CD~+_56??T cells in NSCLC was not sig- nificantly lower than that of normal control.The absolute counts of??T cells in NSCLC positively correlated to the number of NKT cells,(r=0.426,P=0.009).Conclusion The absolute counts of??T,NKT and their set ground cells in NSCLC was significantly lower than that of normal controls.In NSCLC the relation of the??T and NKT had positive correlation.

Objective To explore the effect of protoporphyrin Ⅸ zinc(Znpp) on hyperoxic lung injury in preterm rats.Methods Three-day-old preterm SD rats were randomly assigned to room air control group(group Ⅰ)hyperoxia control group(oxygen≥900 mL/L)(group Ⅱ),room air plus Znpp group(group Ⅲ),hyperoxia plus Znpp group(group Ⅳ).Group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ were injected intraperitoneally with ZnPP 45 ?mol/kg each day.After the third day and the 7th day of exposure,the activity of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and the percent of carboxyhemoglobin(HbCO) in the lungs,the lung wet weight /dry weight ratio(W/D),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),total protein and malondialdehyde(MDA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined and lung histophathological changes were examined in all groups.Results On the third day,compared with group Ⅰ the activity of HO-1 and the percent of HbCO in the lungs,W/D,TNF-?,total protein and MDA,all greatly rised in group Ⅱ(Pa

Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Melanoma ; congenital ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; congenital ; surgery