Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Melanoma ; congenital ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; congenital ; surgery

Aging ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Testis ; drug effects ; metabolism

The study on the effective core formulae (CEF) not only summarized traditional chinese medicine (TCM) treatment experience, but also helped reveal the underlying knowledge in the formulation of TCM prescriptions. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the method of data mining for the discovery of core effective formulae for lung cancer. In the present study, a prescription fingerprint approach was used to characterize the staged prescription information of patients. The D index was used to screen potential beneficial herbs. Then, based on a herbal compatibility network, the maximal clique searching algorithm (BK algorithm) and survival analysis were applied to discover CEF for lung cancer, and a mining analysis was made for the 322 cases from Longhua hospital. The correlation between prescriptions and survival time was analyzed by prescription fingerprints. Forty-three potentially beneficial herbs were obtained, and two CEFs were significant for the survival time by a parametric survival model based on lognormal distribution, the results were verified by a multivariate survival model. The rules of combination of the two CEFs basically conform to TCM onco-therapeutic theory of strengthening the body resistance and the actual conditions in clinic. All results showed that the established approach was feasible for discovering the core effective formulae for lung cancer and mining survival data for complex TCM onco-therapy.
Algorithms ; Data Mining ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Survival Analysis

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a serious concern for preterm infants and can predispose such infants to brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. IVH is particularly common in preterm infants. Although advances in obstetric management and neonatal care have led to a lower mortality rate for preterm infants with IVH, the IVH-related morbidity rate in this population remains high. Therefore, the present review investigated the pathophysiology of IVH and the evidence related to interventions for prevention. The analysis of the pathophysiology of IVH was conducted with a focus on the factors associated with cerebral hemodynamics, vulnerabilities in the structure of cerebral vessels, and host or genetic predisposing factors. The findings presented in the literature indicate that fluctuations in cerebral blood flow, the presence of hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus, arterial carbon dioxide tension, and impaired cerebral venous drainage; a vulnerable or fragile capillary network; and a genetic variant associated with a mechanism underlying IVH development may lead to preterm infants developing IVH. Therefore, strategies focused on antenatal management, such as routine corticosteroid administration and magnesium sulfate use; perinatal management, such as maternal transfer to a specialized center; and postnatal management, including pharmacological agent administration and circulatory management involving prevention of extreme blood pressure, hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus management, and optimization of cardiac function, can lower the likelihood of IVH development in preterm infants. Incorporating neuroprotective care bundles into routine care for such infants may also reduce the likelihood of IVH development. The findings regarding the pathogenesis of IVH further indicate that cerebrovascular status and systemic hemodynamic changes must be analyzed and monitored in preterm infants and that individualized management strategies must be developed with consideration of the risk factors for and physiological status of each preterm infant.

Three butylphthalide derivatives were isolated from the Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong using a series of isolation and purification approaches including macroporous resin, ODS-A column, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. These structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR) and identified as (3Z,3aE)-(6R,7R,2'S)-6-hydroxy-7-(2-carboxyl-2-hydroxyethylthio)-3-(2-hydroxybutylidene)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide (1), (3Z,3aZ)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide 7-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructo-furanoside (2) and 3-(3-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-butylidene)-7-hydroxy-phthalide (3).

Objective To explore the mechanism of opioid-psychic dependence involving the aspects of pre-receptor and receptor by observing the changeable expressions of glutamate neurotransmitter and NR2B of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor in the neuroanatomical circuit of ventral temental area, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex (VTA-Nac-PFC) of rats subjected to morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Methods The models of CPP were validated by escalating doses of morphine in rats (n=16). The colorimetry and immunohistochemistry ways were applied to detect the contents of glutamic acid and the expression level of NR2B in VTA, Nac and PFC. Results As compared with those in the control group physiological saline), the prolonged detention time of white compartment in the model group was notably observed (P<0.05), and increased content of glutamic acid and expression level of NR2B in fields of VTA, Nac and PFC in the model group were significantly detected (P<0.05). Conclusion Increased level of giutamic acid and expression level of NR2B in nuroanatomieal circuit of VTA, Nac and PFC could play key roles in inducing morphine-psychic dependent rats.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b ; Neuroma ; pathology ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology

AIM: To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes of 25-gauge vitrectomies combined with air tamponade for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH).METHODS: Thirty eyes of 27 patients with IMH were included in this prospective interventional study.All patients underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with phacoemulsification and air tamponade.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, logMAR), perimetry and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) were conducted before and after the operation.Anatomical changes were evaluated with optical coherence tomography (OCT).RESULTS: The macular holes closed successfully in 28 eyes after the primary vitrectomy.The mean BCVA improved from 0.72±0.22 logMAR preoperatively to 0.29±0.18 logMAR postoperatively (P<0.001).In the visual field of central 10°, the average mean deviation (MD) decreased from-3.59±1.83 dB preoperatively to-2.51±1.36 dB postoperatively (P<0.001) and the average pattern standard deviation (PSD) decreased from 1.86±0.68 dB preoperatively to 1.33±0.32 dB postoperatively (P=0.001).The retinal response densities of mfERG in the foveal and perifoveal area increased significantly, and implicit times of rings 4-6 prolonged significantly (P<0.05).The symptom duration and baseline N1 amplitude densities at ring 1 had a significant impact on postoperative BCVA (P<0.001, P=0.001, respectively).CONCLUSION: The 25-gauge PPV and air tamponade with 1 day prone positioning produce favorable anatomic and functional outcomes.

Objective To understand iodine and iron nutritional status of lactating women in Aksu Prefecture of Xinjing Autonomous Region, and to provide proper intervention in control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) combined with iron deficiency. Methods Four townships as survey points were selected in Baicheng County of Aksu, where severe iodine deficiency was confirmed, 30 to 40 lactating women were investigated for this study in each townships. Samples of urine and drinking water from their family were collected, and then the iodine concentrations were determined. Whole blood was collected by venipuncture for determinations on serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI), total-iron-binding capacity(TIBC), and their thyroid function, including FT3, FT4, TSH. Results Median urinary iodine concentration in 137 lactating women was 134.99 μg/L, however, median urinary iodine in lactating women in Daqiao (99.73 μg/L), Tuokexun(44.17 μg/L) of 4 townships was below 100 μg/L. The proportion of urinary iodine below 50 μg/L was higher than 20% in Chaerqi [21.1% (8/38)], Daqiao [21.4% (6/28)], Tuokexun [47.8% (11/25)]. The medium of iodine concentration in drinking water, that was collected from 78 resident families, was 2.15 μg/L. Lactating women of serum SF, SI, FT4, that lower than the normal value, was accounted for 47.6% (59/124), 16.9%(21/124), 11.8% (15/127)respectively. Lactating women of serum TIBC, TSH, that higher than the normal value, was accounted for 20.2% (25/124),10.2% (13/127). Conclusion There is existence in of the combination severe iodine and iron deficiency in a historical serious IDD endemic area in Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, and iron deficiency may be another important environmental factor for the deterioration of IDD prevalence.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of school children, lactating women and infants in iodine deficient areas of Baicheng and Wushi Counties in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Methods According to the geographic location of east, south, west and north of county, 10 primary schools of 8 townships were selected. In each school, 10 children among each gender and age group from 8 to 10 years old were selected. A total of 300 school children were chosen. One hundred and four infants aged 0-2 years old and their mother were selected in 8 townships. Iodine content in edible salt at household level, the urinary iodine in school children and lactating women, total goiter rate(TGR) and the status of the intelligence quotient (1Q) of school children, the status of psychological development of infants were observed. Direct titration assay for testing the salt iodine, colorimetric ceric-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilation were used for testing urinary iodine. The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation. The Combined Raven Test for Chinese Rural was used to test the IQ. The psychological development of infants was tested by Danver Development Screening Test (DDST). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt at household level was 73.1% (123/182), however, the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt was 64.1% (118/182). The medium of urinary iodine in school children was 103.7 μ/L, with 47.8%(75/157) less than 100 μg/L and 28.0% (44/157) less than 50 μg/L; it was 123.0 μg/L in Baieheng County, with 44.4%(28/63) less than 100 μg/L and 33.3%(21/63) less than 50 μg/L; it was 100.3 μg/L in Wushi County, 50.0%(47/94) less than 100 μg/L and 24.5%(23/94) less than 50 μg/L. The medium of urinary iodine in locating women was 143.3 μg/L, it was 119.7 μg/L and 184.6 μg/L in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The total rate of goiter in school children was 14.3%(43/300), it was 10.8%(13/120) and 16.6%(30/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The average IQ in school children was 80.6±11.6, it was 83.0±11.6 and 79.0±11.7 in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The proportion of mental retardation in school children (IQ≤69) was 13.0% (39/300), it was 6.7% (8/120) and 17.2%(31/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. In addition, the proportion of psychological development in infants being normal, suspicious and abnormal was 78.8%(82/104), 12.5% (13/104) and 8.7%(9/104), respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the fact that there is also existence of mental retardation in children and infants, caused by iodine deficiency.