Objective To investigate the effect of Santong electroacupuncture (EA) on mRNA and protein expression of p75 neurotroph-in receptor (p75NTR) in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods A total of 72 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham operation group (group A, n=8) and model group (n=64). In the model group, Allen's method was used to make SCI rats model, in which 48 survived model rats were further subdivided into model control group (group B, n=12), EA group (group C, n=12), inhibitor Nogo extra cellular peptide residues 1-40 (NEP1-40) group (group D, n=12) and EA+inhibitor NEP1-40 group (group E, n=12) according to de-sign proposal. The treatment groups were electroacupunctured on Dazhui (GV14) and Yaoyangguan (GV3), bilateral Ciliao (BL32) and Zu-sanli (ST36) with loose-tight wave, for 20 minutes every day. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, injured spinal cord tissue was extracted for detecting. The mRNA and protein expression of p75NTR was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, in situ hybridization and Western blotting respectively. The hind limb motor function was assessed with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score. Results The BBB score increased in the treatment groups compared with group B, and was higher in group E than in groups C and D (P<0.05), as well as on the 14th day than on the 7th day in all the treatment groups (t>2.623, P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of p75NTR in spinal cord tissues decreased in the treatment groups compared with group B (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found among the treatment groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Santong elerctroacupuncture treatment could improve the hind limb motor function, which may associate with inhibition of the mRNA and protein expression of p75NTR in rats after SCI.

Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; metabolism ; Checkpoint Kinase 2 ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Objective To explore the methods for coverage of the defect of great toe after the wrap-a- round flap transferand decrease the morbidity of donor site in great toes.Methods Twenty-five patients received three kinds of procedure for immediate resurfacing of donor defect of the great toes during wrap-around flap transferAmong them9 cases received the free flaps for coverage of defect in donor great toes12 cases was repaired by local pedieled dorsal or plamarpedis flapsand the other cases were treated by the nail-flap of second toe.Results All the flaps were survivalTwo patients received the flap thinning procedure in 6 months laterall patients were satisfied with cosmetic and functional outcomeThe appearance and sensory function of donor toe repaired by second toe nail-flap was best among three methods.Conclusion Accord- ing the detect situation of great toesthree kinds of flap were selected for immediate coverage of donor site, which can decrease the complication of donor great toe at the most.

In order to obtain the phase I clinical trial data safely and accurately , the subjects management is very important .The purpose of this paper is to introduce the subjects management model during recruitment , screening and observation and discuss the phase I subjects management strategy , according to the author ’ s practical experience and the working model of phase I clinical trials in hospital .

The study was aimed to investigate the possible effects of 8-chloroadenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) on the multiple myeloma cells. The multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226 was used as in vitro models. The effect on growth inhibition of RPMI8226 cells was evaluated by cell growth and viability curve. DNA fragment was visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. The amount of apoptosis cells was measured by flow cytometry. Meanwhile Western blot assay were used to detect the change of several key cell cycle regulatory proteins CDK2 and cyclin E in these cells before and after the treatment. The results showed that low dose 8-Cl-cAMP (1-30 micromol/L) inhibited the proliferation and viability of RPMI8226 cells significantly. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA revealed the apoptosis characteristic "ladder" pattern. Apoptosis was also confirmed by flow cytometry. In addition, 8-Cl-cAMP was able to inhibit the cell growth through modulating expression of cell cycle regulators CDK2 and cyclin E. It is concluded that 8-cl-cAMP inhibits the proliferation and induce apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells effectively.
8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin E ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology

AIMTo investigate the mechanism of the vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury caused by freezing/thawing.

METHODSThe frozen/thawed neutrophil (PMN) model was founded by freezing PMNs with a rate cooling instrument and then rewarming them in a water bath, the PMNs used here were separated from rat's peripheral blood using density gradients centrifugation techniques. The expression of LFA-1 on the surface of frozen/thawed PMNs was observed at 4 h,12 h and 24 h after freezing/thawing. After co-incubating untreated VECs with frozen/thawed PMNs, we detected the VEC injury and the changes in PMN-VEC adhesion.

RESULTS(1) The PMNs LFA-1 expression increased in a time-dependent manner within 24 h after the freezing/thawing of PMNs. (2) After co-incubating untreated VECs with frozen/thawed PMNs, the adhesion between frozen/thawed PMNs and VECs increased and VEC injury occurred. (3) Monoclonal antibody against LFA-1 could block the PMN-VEC adhesion and subsequently attenuated the VEC injury.

CONCLUSIONThe freezing/thawing of PMNs can elicited an increase in PMN LFA-1 expression and trigger the PMN-VEC adhesion and subsequently bring about the VEC injury.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Freezing ; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 ; metabolism ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new modified twin-block advancement appliance and investigate the effects on respiratory variables in patients with OSAS.

METHODS29 patients with OSAS participated in the study and were fitted with modified twin-block appliances to hold the mandible in an anterior and inferior position. Polysomnography was performed with and without appliance insertion. And questionnaires were used for registration of patients subjective symptoms. Pair-t analysis was used to evaluate the effects of appliances in patients with OSAS.

RESULTS26 patients responded to the appliance therapy. Apnea-hypopnea index, apnea index and hypopnea index were reduced significantly (P < 0.01). Lowest arterial oxygen saturation improved significantly (P < 0.01). Discomfort with mandibular advancement disappeared within one week.

CONCLUSIONSModified twin-block advancement appliance is a conservative, successful treatment alternative that could benefit patients suffered from OSAS.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

This study was aimed to investigate the possible effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analogue 8-(4-chlorophenylthio) adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-CPT-cAMP) on the M(2b) subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M(2b)) cells. AML-M(2b) is characterized by the non-random chromosome translocation t (8; 21) (q22; q22), through which AML1 (acute myeloid leukemia 1) gene on chromosome 21 is fused with ETO (eight twenty-one) gene on chromosome 8, coding correspondent AML1-ETO fusion protein, which plays a crucial role in the leukemogenesis of AML-M(2b). The AML-M(2b) cell line Kasumi-1 cells were used as an in vitro model. The influences of 8-CPT-cAMP on the proliferation and differentiation of Kasumi-1 cells were evaluated according to cellular morphology, changes in cell surface antigen and cell cycle, as well as nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) assay. Meanwhile, semi-quantity RT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to detect the degradation of AML1-ETO fusion protein in Kasumi-1 cells before and after the treatment. The results showed that 8-CPT-cAMP (200 micromol/L) could significantly inhibit cell growth and induce differentiation of Kasumi-1 cells. However, it must be pointed out that 8-CPT-cAMP-induced differentiation in Kasumi-1 is not a typical terminal differentiation. Furthermore, 8-CPT-cAMP exerted little influence on the expression of AML1-ETO fusion gene and its product in Kasumi-1 cells. In conclusion, the 8-CPT-cAMP induced differentiation in Kasumi-1 cells. This results may provide experimental and theoretical basis for the breakthrough of differentiation-induced therapy extended to another leukemia.
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; metabolism ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Thionucleotides ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of APL cell resistance to ATRA.

METHODSThe ATRA sensitive and resistant APL cell lines, NB4 and NB4-R1, were used as in vitro models. The effects of specific inhibitors and activators of adenylate cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ATRA-induced differentiation was evaluated by cell morphology, cell surface antigen expression and nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays.

RESULTSSQ22536, a specific antagonist of AC, could dramatically block ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation. When ATRA + SQ22536 group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b decreased from (95.9 +/- 2.5)% to (60.3 +/- 7.1)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay decreased from 0.585 +/- 0.092 to 0.170 +/- 0.028 (P < 0.05). Forskolin, an agonist of AC, could overcome the resistance of NB4-R1 cells to ATRA. When ATRA + forskolin group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b increased from (34.3 +/- 5.3)% to (94.6 +/- 2.4)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay increased from 0.110 +/- 0.028 to 0.395 +/- 0.049 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the specific antagonist and agonist of PDE, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and calmodulin, exerted little impact on ATRA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe defaults in the initiation of AC activation may contribute to the resistance to ATRA in some APL cells.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD11b Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo provide scientific basis for natural cultivation of Fritillaria cirrhosa.

METHODThe cluster analysis to the Bray--Curtis distance coefficient of community plot was carried out to divide the community types of F. cirrhosa.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe community of F. cirrhosa's natural cultivation can be divided into six types: Sibiraea angustata community, Rhododendron litangense community, Salix sclerophylla community, Dasiphora fruticosa + Spiraea alpina + S. myrtilloides community, Sabina pingii var. wilsonii community, Polygonum viviparum + P. sphaerostachyum community, and the ecological characteristics such as the composition of community and ecological distribution have been showed.

Altitude ; China ; Climate ; Cluster Analysis ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; methods ; Ecosystem ; Fritillaria ; growth & development ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Temperature