Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for determining the concentration of prulifloxacin active metabolite in human plasma and urine.Methods The supernatant obtained by centrifugation after the sample was precipitated with methanol- acetonitrile (1:1) was chromatographically separated on a Diamonsil C_(18)(250 mm?4.6 mm,5?m) using a mobile phase con- sisting of acetonitrile and 0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH2.2) containing 1% tetrabutylammonium bromide. The solutions of 20:80 (V/V) and 12:88 (V/V) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and 1.6 mL/min were used for plasma and u- rine, respectively.Then the samples were assayed at wavelength of Ex 280 nm and Em 425 nm.Results The linear range for prulifloxacin active metabolite in plasma and urine were 0.005-5 mg/L (r=0.9999) and 0.05-5 mg/L(r=0.9999)with a low- er limit of quantitation of 0.002 mg/L and 0.01 rag/L, respectively.In plasma, the relative recovery ranged from 100.64% to 101.00% at the concentration of 5.00, 0.50 and 0.05 mg/L and within-day and between-day precisions were less than 2.5% and 4.6% respectively.Meanwhile, the relative recovery ranged from 97.20% to 100.20% at the concentration of 2.50, 0.50 and 0.10 mg/L in urine.The within-day and between-day precisions were lower than 1.3% and 4.3%, respectively.The method had been successfully used for the pharmacokinetic studies of a prulifloxacin formulation after oral administration to healthy volunteers.Conclusions The present method is simple, rapid, accurate, reproducible and suitable for the pharmacoki- netic study of prulifloxacin in humans.

Objective To investigate the value of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α receptor gene,TNFRSF1A+36A/G(rs767455) and-383A/C(rs2234649),TNFRSF1B+196T/G(rs1061622) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for the susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the relationship between SNP and AS.T test,Chi-square test,and ANOVA were used for statististical analysis.Methods Two hundred and fifteen patients who had definite diagnosis of AS and 216 healthy blood donors were involved in this study.SNPs of TNF-α receptor gene:TNFRSF1A +36A/G(rs767455),-383A/C(rs2234649) and TNFRSF1B+196T/G (rs1061622) were detected with the ligase detection reaction (LDR-PCR) method.Results ① Distribution frequencies of A alleles(86.8％,91.5％) and G alleles (13.2％,8.5％) of TNFRSF1A(rs767455) in AS and controls were significantly different with each other (x2=4.627,P=0.0315),while the distribution frequency in group of homozygotes (AA or GG genotype) in AS and controls were 74.6％(150/201) and 83.9％(177/211),the frequencies in group of heterozygotes (AG) were 25.4％ (51/201) and 16.1％(34/211)(x2=5.390,P=0.020).Frequency of alleles and the genotypes of TNFRSF1A (rs2234649) and TNFRSF1B (rs1061622) between AS and control group were similar(P＞0.05).It also demonstrated that TNF-αreceptor gene haplotype (rs1061622T-rs2234649A-rs767455G) carriers apparently increased the susceptibility to AS (11.5％ vs 6.9％)(OR:1.753,95％CI:1.078～2.852,P=0.022).② Analysis of variance found that the duration of morning stiffness (F=3.168,P=0.044) and peripheral joint tenderness counts (F=4.598,P=0.011) among the three genotype groups of TNFRSF1B (rs1061622) in patient with AS were evidently differed with each other.Bath AS functional index (BASFI) among different genotype groups of TNFRSF1A (rs2234649) in AS had remarkable diversity (F=5.783,P=0.004).None of above indicators among groups of different genotypes of TNFRSF1A (rs767455) in AS were uniform (P＞0.05).③ Forty-four patients were treated with TNF-α antagonist (entanercept),25 mg,subcutaneous injection,twice weekly for 3 months,then followed with Sulfaslazine (SASP) 2.0 g/d and Celecoxib 0.4 g/d for another 9 months.ASAS20 was the primary endpoint for the evaluation of therapeutic effect at the visit of 3 month and 12 month.No associations were found between SNP and short or long term outcome of treatment with TNF-α antagonist in AS (P＞0.05).Conclusion TNFRSF1A (rs767455) SNP correlates with susceptibility to AS in Anhui Han local patients.Carriers of TNF-α receptor gene haplotype (rs1061622T-rs2234649A-rs767455G) may increase the susceptibility to AS.SNP of TNFRSF1B (rs1061622) is associated with disease activity in AS,while SNP of TNFRSF1A(rs2234649)relates to functional index of the disease.There is no association between SNP of TNFRSF1A / TNFRSF1B and short or long term outcome of treatment with TNF-α antagonist in AS.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and related risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fracture (OPF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Two hundred and seventytwo in-patients with RA between 2010-2011 were surveyed,X-ray was detected for the diagnosis of fracture.Bone mineral density(BMD) of proximal femur and lumbar vertebrae (L2-4) in 203 patients were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptio-metry (DEXA),and the radiographic changes in both hands of 169 RA patients were assessed by Sharp scoring system.All the clinical and laboratory factors of RA were recorded in detail by rheumatologists.The results of 120 normal people were used as controls.T-test,Mann-whitney test,x2 test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results ① Compared to the normal group,the BMDs of RA patients at each measured location were significantly lower (P＜0.01),the OP incidence was 32.0％ (65/203),which was significantly higher than that of the normal group,which was 15.0％ (18/120) (x2=11.442,P=0.001).There were 33 cases of OPF among all 272 RA patients,and the occurrence rate was 12.1％.BMDs of the femur in RA with OPF were lower than those in RA without OPF (P＜0.01).② Incidence of OP in RA with glucoco-rticoid was 42.2％(46/109),which was higher than that in RA without glucocorticoid (20.2％,18/89) (x2=10.818,P=0.001).Compared with RA without glucocorticoid,the incidence of OPF in RA with glucocorticoid elevated evidently [7.2％ (9/125) vs 17.5％ (24/137)] (x2=6.321,P=0.012).③ Logistic regression (back-ward LR method) analysis found that the risk factors for OP in RA patients were age [OR=1.050,P=0.001,95％CI(1.020,1.080)],HAQ [OR=1.966,P=0.031,95％CI (1.064,3.631)],and glucocorticoid average daily dosage [OR=1.075,P=0.031,95％CI (1.007,1.148)].The risk factors for OPF in RA patients were age [OR=1.041,P=0.046,95％CI (1.001,1.084)] and OP [OR=3.484,P=0.016,95％CI (1.258,9.646)].Conclusion RA patients have higher incidence of OP and OPF than general population.The incidence of OP and OPF are closely correlated with age,diseases activity,local bone erosion and the use of glucocorticosteroid.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the general osteoporosis and local bone erosion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Bone mineral density (BMD) of femur (femur neck,Ward area,greater trochanter) and lumbar spine 2-4 (L2-4) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was measured in 120 patients with RA and 120 normal controls.All the clinical and laboratory factors of RA were recorded in details,and the radiographic changes in both hands of 76 RA patients were assessed by Sharp'method.Statistical anylysis was carried out by using t test and x2 test.Results ① Compared with normal controls,the BMD of total femur,L2,L3,L4 and L2-4 decreased significantly (P＜0.01),while there was no significant differences in the BMD of femur neck,Ward area and greater trochanter between the two groups (P＞0.05).② The incidence of osteoporosis in RA (34.2％) was higher than that in normal controls (15.0％)(x2=11.889,P=0.001).③ Patients with osteoporosis had elder age,higher scores of HAQ,higher scores of space narrowing and bone erosion of joint by X-ray' Sharp method than those of patients without osteoporosis.There were no significant differences in the changes of other clinical and laboratory parameters between the two groups(P＞0.05).④ BMD of total femur,femur neck,Ward area,greater trochanter,L2,L3,L4 correlated with Sharp scores in RA and had shown a negative correlations(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.069,P=0.012,95％CI:1.015-1.125) and Sharp scores(OR=1.022,P=0.003,95％CI:1.007-1.037) were risk factors for osteoporosis in RA patients,but treating with DMARD (OR=0.172,P=0.041,95％CI:0.032-0.930) was a protective factor for osteoporosis in patients with RA.Conclusion The BMD decreases significantly and correlates with age and local bone erosion in patients with RA,while the incidence of osteoporsis increases remarkably.

In order to study the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its significance, the expression of VEGF mRNA and COX-2 mRNA in 62 cases of LSCC and 54 adjacent noncancerous laryngeal tissues and 9 normal human laryngeal mucous tissues was detected by using techniques of semi-quantitative RT-PCR. It was found that the expression level of VEGF and COX-2 mRNA was significantly increased in LSCC as compared with that in the normal human laryngeal mucous tissues (both P < 0.01), and the expression level of VEGF and COX-2 mRNA were significantly increased in stage Ill + IV tissues of LSCC as compared with the stage I + II tissues of LSCC (P < 0.01). There was a high positive correlation between VEGF and COX-2 expression in LSCC (r = 0.756, P < 0.01). These data raise the possibility that VEGF and COX-2 may play key roles in the growth, invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2/*biosynthesis ; Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*biosynthesis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics

Objective To establish a network laboratory for blood cell analysis and better calibrate haematology analyzers in local lab.Methods According to GB/T 15481《General requirements for the competence testing and calibration laboratories》(idt ISO/IEC 17025),we established a network laboratory providing traceability for blood cell analysis.Complete blood count was traced to Calibration Laboratory in NCCL;The secondary standard haematology analyzer with the same model and calibrator with same lot number were used for verification for a long period.Fresh blood from healthy people was used to calibrate haematology analyzers.Results Gradually we have improved our laboratory quality management system, precision as well as accuracy,which was satisfactory.The unified blood sample was adopted to calibrate different equipments in our hospital and showed consistence when compared with calibration analyzer.The correlation coefficient of all tests is more than 0.99.The relative deviation of WBC,RBC,HCT,HGB and PLT are within?7%,?3.5%,?4%,?3% and?15%,respectively.Conclusions Secondary standard systems provides good comparable results with calibration laboratory.Its tracing mode and quality control scheme could ensure the traceability and accuracy of completed blood count.Furthermore,using elective fresh blood from healthy people,the comparable results from different analyzers were achievable.

ObjectiveTo analysis the clinical characteristics and the high risk factors of children with cerebral palsy.MethodsClinical data of 100 children with cerebral palsy were retrospectively analyzed.Results51% of children were born with asphyxia, 42% were born prematurely, 39% were low birth body weight. 85.7% of children involved had mental retardation, 12% had hearing loss and 7% had visual impairment. 88% of children involved had abnormal cranial CT results and 46.1% had abnormal EEG. 50.0% of the children had abnormal brain stem auditory evoked potentials.ConclusionAsphyxia, prematurely birth and low birth body weight are high risk factors of cerebral palsy. Most of the children with cerebral palsy in this group are mental retarded.

Objective To study the impact of the off-pump coronary artery bypass compared to the on-pump coronary artery bypass technique on the rate of acute kidney injury.Methods A retrospective analysis of 824 patients accepted coronary artery bypass surgery in FuWai Hospital Surgical ICU from March 2011 to January 2013.Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical approach,597 patients in on-pump group and 227 patients in off-pump group.Then compared the difference of acute kidney injury incidence in the two groups.Results 92 patients in the on-pump group occurred AKI,the incidence of AKI was 15.4％.32 patients in the off-pump group occurred AKI,the incidence of AKI was 14.1％.Two groups of patients had no statistical difference in the incidence of AKI,x2 =0.222,P =0.638.Based on the preoperative baseline creatinine clearance levels.We defined normal creatinine clearance (SCR ≥ 60 ml/min),mild renal insufficiency (45 ml/min ＜ SCR ＜60 ml/min),moderate renal dysfunction group(31 ml/min ＜ SCR ＜45 ml/min).Decline with the preoperative creatinine clearance rate,the AKI incidence was elevated significantly,P ＜0.05.Patients with moderate renal insufficiency,offpump patients had lower incidence of AKI than those in on-pump group,P ＜ 0.05.The incidence of renal replacement in the two group patients had no statistical differences.Conclusion The incidence of AKI after coronary artery bypass surgery had no statistical differences with or without pump.In the patients with preoperative moderate renal insufficiency,off-pump can reduce the incidence of AKI,but could not change the kidney the incidence of renal replacement treatment.

Objective To explore the prevalence satate of children in burning coal endemic fluorosis in Zhijin county of Guizhou province, provide the scientific basis for the prevention of skeletal fluorosis.Methods One thousand six hundred and sixteen children in school under 16 years old that were sampled in cluster sampling were examined with dental fluorosis,X-ray in the type of burning coal pollution fluorosis areas of Zhijin county Guizhou province.Results Total prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 96.42%,prevalence rate of skeletal fluorosis was 7.49%, constrictive skeletal fluorosis was main type in Zhijin county Guizhou province.Conclusion Prevalence states of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis are still serious, more effectual preventive and control measure shall be used.

Objective To observe the influence of following-up care on lifestyle and blood lipid levels of hyperLipidemia patients discharged from hospital. Methods 110 cases of hyperlipaemia patients were randomly divided into two groups when discharged from hospital. The experimental group is to be followed up, and the other group is for comparison. Two groups in the hospital are given the same health education and medicine treatment, and should be worked out the diet, life-style and medicine treatment interference measures. The experimental group were followed up after discharged from hospital in four months, which were carded out by the nurses through telephone or home visiting once a month, the contents include learning the patients' implementation of interference measures, provide guidance and training for the patients who deviate from the meastures or passively cooperate, and guide the patients to follow the interference measures to keep a balanced diet, good life-style and medicine treatment. The comparison group just were offered guidance when discharged from the hospital, but no followed up by the nurses. Results The group of being followed up obviously had a better improvement than the comparison group beth in balanced diet and healthy lifestyle as well as the effect of controlling blood lipid, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively. There was a statistical difference. Conclusions The interference care after the discharge can significantly improve the compliance in treatment of patients with hyperlipaemia, help to establish a balanced diet and life-style, and redhce lipid levels.