Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of Epstein-Barr(EB) virus encephalitis(EBE) in children. Methods The verification of EBE was based on detection of EBV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by fluorogenic quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) and Nest-PCR. The clinical and CSF changes of 27 EBE cases and 26 controls were analyzed and compared. Results EB-DNA in CSF by FQ-PCR of 13 cases of EBE was (2.82?2.03)?10 3copies.There was no significant difference in clinical manifestations between EBE and HSE groups, except that WBC in CSF of EBE was lower than those of HSE.Conclusions EBE is not infrequent, about 10 % of encephalitis in children. EBE is always present independently, which is not a complication of infectious mononucleosis(IM).Detection of EBV-DNA in CSF is a sensitive and specific test for diagnosing of EBE. Early treatment may be beneficial to the prognosis of EBE.

OBJECTIVETo study therapeutic effects between hook plate fixation and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSForty patients with fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocations of type III according to Rockwood classification were reviewed. All the patients were divided into two groups: hook plate fixation group and modified surgery group. There were 20 patients in hook plate fixation group, including 13 males and 7 females, with an average age of (37.45 +/- 14.29) years old; 12 patients had injuries in the left and 8 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 40.75 +/- 10.40. And there were 20 patients in modified surgery group,including 11 males and 9 females, with an average age of (41.65 +/- 14.83) years old; 11 patients had injuries in the left and 9 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 42.75 +/- 8.18. The Lazzcano standard, Constant-Murley score and imaging changes were used to evaluate shoulder joint function before and after surgery.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 7 to 32 months,with an average of 24 months. According to Lazzcano evaluation, 16 patients got an excellent result,3 good and 1 poor in modified surgery group with no re-dislocation, and 1 patient had pain more than middle degree; while in hook plate fixation group, 9 patients got an excellent result, 7 good and 4 poor, 1 patient had re-dislocation, and 3 patients got pain more than middle degree. The therapeutic effects of modified surgery group were better than those of hook plate fixation group. Constant-Murley scores:preoperative 42.75 +/- 8.18 vs 93.40 +/- 4.04 at the latest follow-up in modified surgery group; preoperative 40.75 +/- 10.40 vs postoperative 88.40 +/- 4.81 and 92.05 +/- 4.49 at the latest follow-up in hook plate fixation group. The postoperative scores all improved compared to preoperative scores in two groups. And there was no statistical difference of scores at the latest follow-up between two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe surgery of allograft tendon transplantation combined with anchor fixation to strengthen coracoclavicular ligament, as well as part transposition of acromiocoracoid ligament and resection at the distal part of clavicle may got safety fixation and less postoperative complications compared with hook plate internal fixation.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Clavicle ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Procedures ; instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To study the effects of serum of the Zhuartgguqiang jin tablets on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) of aged rats.Methods The BMSCs were obtained from male SD rats of 18 months.The cell surface markers CD34,CD31,CD29 were detected by flow cytometry.The proliferation of BMSCs treated by different concentration of medicated serum (2.5％,5％,10％) at 24,48,72hours was detected by CCK-8 method.The BMSCs were divided into 4 groups,which were osteogenic induction group,the Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group,Chinese medicine group,the blank group.After the BMSCs were cultured for 7 days,alkaline phosphatase (ALP) vitality was detected.After the BMSCs were cultured for 14 days,the BMSCs were stained by alizarin red,the mRNA of ALP and osteocalcin(OC) was detected.Results The expressionof CD29 was positive,and the expression of CD31 and CD34 were negative.2.5％,5％ of the medicated serum could promote cell proliferation.The ALP vitality of osteogenic induction group[202.76 ± 15.44(U/gprot)],the Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group [240.48 ± 18.55 (U/gprot)],Chinese medicine group [178.87 ± 17.29 (U/gprot)]were significantly higher than that of blank group [111.24 ± 20.71 (U/gprot)] (t =22.50,7.985,3.535,all P ＜0.01).The ALP activity of Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group was higher than that of osteogenic induction group (t =3.103,P ＜ 0.05).The ALP gene relative OD value of osteogenic induction group (0.40 ± 0.20) and Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group (0.60 ± 0.06) were higher than the blank group (0.09 ± 0.03) (t =2.372,9.547,all P ＜0.01).The ALP gene expression of Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group was obviously higher than that of the osteogenic induction group(P ＜0.05).The OC gene relative OD value of osteogenic induction group(0.58 ± 0.09) and Chinese medicated osteogenic induction group(0.76 ± 0.11) were higher than the blank group(0.41 ± 0.02) (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).The OC gene expression of Chinese medicated osteogenic inductiongroup was obviously higher than that of the osteogenic induction group(t =2.673,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Medicated serum of Zhuangguqiangjin tablets can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs of aged rats,which may be the mechanism of prevention senile osteoporosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Casts, Surgical ; External Fixators ; Female ; Finger Joint ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective At present, modern medicine cannot yet clarifythe mechanism of radiation-induceddamage (RID) to salivary glands and its treatment and protective measures remain in the exploration stage .This study was to explore the mechanism of RIDto the submandibular gland and observe the effect of Dark Plum Spray ( DPS) on the submandibular gland after RID in order to provide some evidence for its further application . Methods Using the random number table , 84 healthy Wistar male rats were divid-ed into a normal, an RID model, and an experimental group ,all fed normally.The rats of the RID model groupwere left untreated , while those of the experimental group were intervened with DPS , tid, after RID.On the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after irradiation, 7 rats were taken from each group for measurement of the body weight, collection of the saliva , and calculation of the salivary flow rate.The submandibular glands were harvested for determination of the mRNA and protein expressions of autophagy-related Atg5 by RT-PCR and Western blot . Results In the 7th day after irradiation , the average body weight in NG[(239.87±16.50)g] was significantly higher (P<0.05) than UG[(213.84±14.42)g] and EG[(222.71±11.14)g].In the 14th ,28th day after irradiation, the average body weight in UG and EG were significantly lower ( P<0.05) than NG;the average body weight in EG was significantly higher ( P<0.05) than UG.In the 1st , 14th day after irradiation , the salivary flow rate in UG and EG were lower than NG but there were no significantly difference(P>0.05).In the 7th day after irradiation, the salivary flow rate in NG[(49.29±16.90)μL/min] and EG[(50.99±6.79)μL/min] were significantly higher (P<0.05) than UG[(30.13±13.19)μL/min].In the 28th day after irradiation, the salivary flow rate in NG[(69.29±11.32)μL/min] were significantly higher (P<0.05) than UG[(49.26±14.13)μL/min] and EG[(46.56±13.60)μL/min] .In the 1st , 7th and 14th day after irradiation , RT-PCR showed that the expressions of Atg 5 in UG and EG were significantly higher(P<0.05) than NG.In the 1st , 7th and 14th day after irradiation, Western blot showed that the expressions of Atg 5 in UG and EG is on the upper trend than NG;In the 1st , 7th day after irradiation , there were no significantly difference between UG and EG .In the 28th day after irradiation , Western blot showed that the expressions of Atg 5 in UG is on the declining trend than NG . Conclusion The autophagic activity of submandibular gland cells may associated with early radiation -induced injury , and Dark Plum Spray may en-hance the action of theanti-apoptosis cytokine in repairingradiation-induceddamageto the submandibular gland .

OBJECTIVETo study the regulatory role of interferon-stimulated response elements (ISREs) located on the retinoic acid-induced gene G (RIG-G) promoter in RIG-G expression.

METHODSBy using point mutation technique, the authors constructed the wide type and site mutant reporter gene plasmids according to the ISRE sequence on RIG-G promoter, and detected the functional activities by luciferase reporter assay.

RESULTSMutation in ISRE II alone had no obvious effect on the expression of the reporter gene, whereas mutation in ISRE I dramatically inhibited the transactivity of RIG-G promoter. Mutation in both ISRE I and ISRE II resulted in complete loss of its response to the transcription factors for the reporter gene.

CONCLUSIONBoth ISRE I and ISRE II on the RIG-G promoter are the binding sites for the complex of transcription factors. They are required for RIG-G expression, and ISRE I has a preferential role over ISRE II.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferons ; genetics ; metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Response Elements ; genetics ; STAT2 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced rig-g gene expression and to better understand the signal transduction of ATRA during acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell differentiation, the luciferase reporter assay, co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to clarify the basic transcriptional factors, which directly initiated the expression of rig-g gene. The results showed that the expression of STAT2, IRF-9 and IRF-1 could be upregulated by ATRA with different kinetics in NB4 cells. IRF-9 was able to interact with STAT2 to form a complex, which could bind the rig-g gene promoter and trigger the rig-g expression. IRF-1 alone could also activate the reporter gene containing rig-g gene promoter, but C/EBPalpha could strongly inhibit this transcription activity of IRF-1. It is concluded that during ATRA-induced APL cell differentiation, IRF-1 is first upregulated by ATRA, and then IRF-1 increases the protein levels of IRF-9 and STAT2 with the downregulation of C/EBPalpha. The complex of IRF-9 and STAT2 is the primary transcriptional factor for rig-g gene induction. This study will be helpful for better understanding the signal transduction networks of ATRA during the course of APL cell differentiation.
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; drug effects ; Genes, Regulator ; drug effects ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 ; metabolism ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit ; metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; STAT2 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of environmental factors, daily lifestyle, psycho-social factors and the interactions between environmental factors and chemokines genes on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

METHODSCase-control study was carried out and environmental factors for SLE were analyzed by univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression. Interactions between environmental factors and chemokines polymorphism contributing to systemic lupus erythematosus were also analyzed by logistic regression model.

RESULTSThere were nineteen factors associated with SLE when univariate unconditional logistic regression was used. However, when multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used, only five factors showed having impacts on the disease, in which drinking well water (OR=0.099) was protective factor for SLE, and multiple drug allergy (OR=8.174), over-exposure to sunshine (OR=18.339), taking antibiotics (OR=9.630) and oral contraceptives were risk factors for SLE. When unconditional logistic regression model was used, results showed that there was interaction between eating irritable food and -2518MCP-1G/G genotype (OR=4.387). No interaction between environmental factors was found that contributing to SLE in this study.

CONCLUSIONMany environmental factors were related to SLE, and there was an interaction between -2518MCP-1G/G genotype and eating irritable food.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short-term outcomes after hand-assisted laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.

METHODSBetween June 2010 and May 2011, a series of 15 patients underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy(HG), 16 patients underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy(LP), and 11 patients underwent open gastrectomy(OP). Short-term outcomes included operative time, blood loss, lymph nodes harvested, and the length of incision were collected after operation.

RESULTSThe operative time was 150-200 min in HG, 180-220 min in LP, and 150-200 min in OP respectively. The time of laparoscopic procedure was 18-58 and 70-100 min respectively. The average incision length was 6.8 cm in HG, 5.6 cm in LP, and 13.5 cm in OP. The average number of lymph nodes harvested was 17.6, 15.1 and 16.4 respectively. The average estimated blood loss was 228 ml, 278 ml, and 427 ml respectively. The mean length of hospital stay was 9.9, 10.8, and 12.4 d. No anastomotic leakage, bleeding, or gastric paralysis were found. One wound infection case was found in OP.

CONCLUSIONSHand-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy is in concordance with the standardized treatment protocol for gastric cancer. Lymph node dissection is easier by HG, therefore HG can be an alternative for the radical resection of gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular mechanisms of the expression regulation of retinoic acidinduced gene G (RIG-G) by interferon alpha (IFNalpha).

METHODSRIG-G promoter region was analyzed by bioinformatics. The functional activities of RIG-G promoter with or without IFNalpha were detected by luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).

RESULTSRIG-G promoter region contained two well-conserved IFN-stimulated response elements (ISREs). Both ISRE I and ISRE II showed their effective binding abilities with signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). In HT1080 cells, in contrast with the empty plasmid pXP2, pXP2-A reporter construct containing intact ISRE I and ISRE II showed a significant higher baseline expression (1741.2 +/- 517.5) which could be further enhanced up to three-four folds by IFNalpha (5338.7 +/- 1226.9, P < 0.05). However, the luciferase activity of pXP2-A as well as its IFNalpha inducibility could be abrogated in STAT1-deficient U3A cells (from 1741.2 +/- 517.5 to 406.1 +/- 103.2, P < 0.05), indicating that the STAT1 protein was a prerequisite for the activities of ISRE I and ISRE II.

CONCLUSIONISREs present in RIG-G promoter region are molecular basis of IFNalpha induced RIG-G expression. RIG-G is a target gene directly regulated by STAT1 protein and should play a key role in IFNalpha signaling pathways.

Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon-alpha ; pharmacology ; physiology ; Interferons ; physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism