Background Recombinant hirudin variant Ⅲ(rHV3) can effectively prevent galactose-induced human lens epithelial cells LECs injury,but little is known about the molecular mechanism of its action.Objective The present study was to investigate the effects of rHV3 on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in damaged LECs induced by galactose.Methods The rHV3 was extracted by our research group,and the biological activity of rHV3 was identified by titration of thrombase according to Markwardt's method.Human LECs (SRA01/04) were cultured using 125×10-3 mol/L D-galactose+10% FBS+D/F12 medium to establish the damaged human LECs model.rHV3 was added into the medium of the damaged human LECs model.Human LECs were cultured in D/F12 medium containing 10% FBS as normal control.The expression of apoptosis-related genes,such as aldose reductase (AR),bax,bcl2 and p53,in LECs at the mRNA level was detected using RT-PCR.The abundance ratio of target genes was presented with the absorbance (A) of gene mRNA/GAPDH mRNA.Results Compared to the normal control group,the A values of AR mRNA/GAPDH mRNA,bax mRNA/GAPDH mRNA and p53 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA were significantly elevated in model group (t=3.90E-06,t=8.44E-04,t=5.15E-08,P＜0.01).However,in the rHV3-treated group,the A values of AR mRNA/GAPDH mRNA,bax mRNA/GAPDH mRNA and p53 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA were lower than those of model group (t=5.90E-06,t=1.51E-04,t=3.42E-06,P＜0.01).The bcl2 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA was markedly downregulated in the model group when compared with the normal control group (t=1.86E-05,P＜0.01);while after rHV3 addition,bcl2 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA increased in comparison with the model group (t=8.56E-05,P＜0.01).Conclusion 125×10-3mol/L D-galactose induces the damage and apoptosis of human LECs.rHV3 likely plays a protective function on D-galactose-induced damage of human LECs by inhibiting the polyol pathway and mitochondria-mediated pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome systematically.

METHODSClinical randomized controlled trials on treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with acupuncture-moxibustion were collected. Through retrieval of CNKI (1979 - December of 2011) and VIP (1979- December of 2011), randomized and quasi-randomized controlled clinical trials on treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with control study between acupuncture and sham acupuncture or western medication were included. The test bias risk and quality assessment of each experiment were carried out by two researchers in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 standard. And RevMan 5.1.6 software was adopted for the Meta analysis.

RESULTSEleven researches were included with totally 969 patients. Meta analysis shows that the effective rate of the combined methods of acupuncture and moxibustion [RR = 1. 27, 95% CI ( 1.09, 1.49)] is superior to conventional western medication treatment.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture-moxibustion for irritable bowel syndrome is better than the conventional western medication treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Moxibustion

In order to evaluate relapse predication ability of STR-PCR combining with qualitative RT-PCR for the bar/abl transcripts to the patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) fulfilled allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), 24 patients with CML after allo-HSCT were dynamically investigated for MRD, quantitative analysis of donor chimerism was performed by multiplex PCR amplification of STR markers and capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection, qualitative detection of bcr/abl transcripts was detected by nested RT-PCR. The results showed that persistent full donor chimerism (DC >/= 95%) was associated with an absence of MRD. All patients with stable MC (90% Genes, abl ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

In order to study the value of sequential and quantitative analysis of chimerism in determination of optional time of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and prediction of efficacy of DLI, six patients with leukemias who relapsed or failed of engraftment were treated with DLI. Serial and quantitative analyses of donor chimerism (DC) both prior to and following DLI were performed by multiplex PCR amplification of STR markers (STR-PCR) and capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. The results showed that at the time of relapse or graft rejection, STR-PCR indicated the decreasing donor chimerism in all six patients, at levels ranging from 27.3% to 85.7%. The declining value of DC (<90%) was detected in four patients at 26 days before relapse or graft rejection diagnosed clinically. Therefore the decrease of value of DC can be identified the high risk of relapse or graft failure and can be used to guide DLI implementation at early stage. In this study the clinical response were seen in two patients, the value of DC in these patients increased with convertion to a predominant donor profile (>90%) or converted to stable FDC shortly after DLI, while in the patients without clinical response, the level of DC decreased persistently or declined after transient increase. Three patients without response received second DLI. It is concluded that the monitoring of chimerism is proved to be a valuable to determine the optional time point of DLI and to early evaluate the efficacy of DLI. Furthermore, it can present a rational basis for treatment of intensification in the patients who did not respond to first-line DLI treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Recurrence ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Chimera

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the early operative treatment and clinical results of pelvic fractures associated with urethra disruption.

METHODSFrom January 1995 to January 2005, 25 patients suffered from pelvic fractures combined urethra disruption treated by operation were retrospectively analyzed. According to Tile's classification, 1 case was stable pelvic fracture, 17 rotational unstable fractures, and 7 rotational combined vertical unstable fractures. The complete urethra rupture were in 23 cases and incomplete in 2 cases. The operative methods included: (1) emergency open reduction and internal fixation of the pelvis combined primary urethra suturing in 2 cases, partial suturing after realignment in 4 cases, realignment in 2 cases, and urethrovaginal penetrating wound repairing in 1 case; (2) primary urethra realignment only and delayed (range, 7 to 21 days) pelvic internal fixation in 10 cases; (3) early cystostomy and delayed (range, 3 to 21 days) urethra realignment and pelvic internal fixation in 6 cases.

RESULTSThe mean follow-up time of all patients was 34 months (range from 6 to 120 months). According to Majeed's evaluation, 17 cases of pelvic injury showed excellent results, 5 good, and 3 fare. After urinary catheter removed, the mean maximal urine flow rate of 19 (76%) patients was 18.6 ml/s and the mean scar length between both disrupted ends on the film of excretion urethrography was 0.51 cm. Five (20%) cases suffered in dysuria needed urethral dilatation or further surgery. One (4%) female could not control urination who need a second-look operation. The primary suprapubic soft tissue avulsion wound infection secondary to retropubic abscess was found in 1 case, posterior urethra-stenosis in 5 cases, sexual impotence in 3 cases, and incontinence in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONSThe satisfactory reduction and effective fixation of the pelvic fractures is an anatomical basis for receiving "tension-free urethral anastomosis".

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; injuries ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; injuries

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To explore the acupuncture treatment mechanism of constipation?predominant irritable bowel syn-dromeIBS?C from the perspective of brain?gut axisby observing the plasma 5HTCGRP and NPY level before and after the treatment.METHODS 60 patients with IBS?C were randomly divided into two groups.30 cases in the acupuncture groupAG were treated by acupuncture five times a weekwith such acupoints as TianshuZusanliShangjuxuTaichongSanyin-jiaoYintangBaihui being selected.The other 30 cases in the medicine groupMGwere treated with lactulose oral solution15 ml per time for three times a day.After 4 weeks treatmentenzyme?linked immunosorbent assayELISAwas used to de-tect the plasma 5HTNPY and CGRP level of 30 healthy volunteers and the two treatment groups and observe the improve-ment of clinical symptoms.RESULTS ①Both groups could significantly improve the clinical symptoms in patients with IBS?CP <0.01while the curative effect in the AG was superior to that in the MGP <0.01.②The levels of 5?HTNPY and CGRP in patients with IBS?C of two treatment groups were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteersand the differ-ence was statistically significantP <0.01.The plasma 5?HTNPY and CGRP levels all went down in both groups after treatmentand the differences of 5?HTNPY and CGRP levels were significant when compared to the levels before treatment in AGP <0.01.The differences of 5?HTNPY levels were also significant when compared to the levels before treatment in MGP <0.01while there was no significant difference on CGRPP <0.01.There were no significant differences of 5?HT and NPY levels between these two groups after treatmentP >0.05but the difference of CGRP was highly statistically sig-nificantP <0.01.The downward trend of 5?HTNPY and CGRP level was better in the AG.CONCLUSION ①Acupunc-ture treatment can significantly improve the clinical symptoms in patients with IBS?Cand the theraputic effect is superior to that in the MG.②The increase of 5?HTNPY and CGRP level in patients with IBS?C after treatment suggests a close relation-ship between the abnormal level of brain?gut peptide and IBS syndrome.③Acupuncture treatment can decrease the plasma lev-els of 5?HTNPY and CGRPalleviate the degree of abdominal pain and discomfortwhich indicates that benign regulation of brain?gut peptide level in patients with IBS?C by acupuncture may be one of the effective mechanisms in treatmenting this dis-ease.

Purpose :To investigate the relationship of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets with the acuterejection or severe CMV infection in transplanted patients. Methods :T-lymphocytes subsets of peripheral bloodwere consecutively detected by using mice-verse-human T-lymphocytes subsets monoclonal antibody-OKT serialsand flow cytometer. Results:The difference of CD4/CD8 ratios between the no acute rejection group and the acuterejection group, or between the acute rejection remission group and the resistant acute rejection group was signif-icant ( P ＜0.05); In patients with intensive CMV infection, the CD4/CD8 ratios were converse to the acute re-jection group. Conclusions:These results indicated that monitoring of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets wasof much benefit to early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute rejection of intensive CMV infection and rea-sonable treatment.

OBJECTIVETo illustrate the early alteration of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and explore its clinical significance in transplantation-associated thrombotic complications.

METHODSNinety-five patients undergoing HSCT were enrolled in this study. PAI-1 level and other hemostatic parameters were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in platelet poor plasma samples from patients on conditioning therapy and then weekly until four weeks after HSCT.

RESULTSSignificant increase in PAI-1 was detected after conditioning treatment, followed by a diminution in the very week on transplantation (week 0), then increased with in time after transplantation. According to the occurrence of transplant-associated complications, patients were classified into four groups: thrombus group \[veno-occlusive disease (VOD) (n = 5), thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) n = 1\], aGVHD group (n = 29), infection group (n = 19) and non-complication group (n = 41). One of 30 patients (3.3%) was diagnosed as thrombus in the auto-HSCT group, while five of 65 patients (7.7%) did in the allo-HSCT group. PAI-1 level of thrombotic patients was significantly increased compared with non-thrombotic subjects, and the patients without thrombotic complications have higher PAI-1 level in the allo-HSCT group than in auto-HSCT group. All the patients with complications presented with significantly increased PAI-1 compared with those with no complications (P < 0.05). The six patients with thrombotic complications showed extremely elevated PAI-1 \[(62.8 +/- 7.5) microg/L\] compared with that of aGVHD patients \[(45.1 +/- 9.1) microg/L\] or infection patients \[(50.0 +/- 11.2) microg/L\] post-HSCT (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe increase in plasma PAI-1 may be a specific mark for transplantation-associated thrombotic complications. Increased PAI-1 reflects the development of thrombotic complications. Extreme elevation of PAI-1 contributes to the early diagonsis of VOD and TMA after HSCT.

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Thrombosis ; Thrombotic Microangiopathies

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between BK viruria and the late onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and investigate the role of BK virus load in the development of LOHC.

METHODSFrom August 2006 to April 2008, urine samples were collected weekly from 113 patients undergoing HSCT. Virus DNA were extracted from the urine samples and amplified by qualitative PCR. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify BKV DNA in the urine samples of all BK viruria patients.

RESULTSLOHC occurred in 22 patients (19.5%), including grade 1 in 7, grade 2 in 11, grade 3 in 3, and grade 4 in one. The median onset time was 44 (13 - 114) days after transplantation. Twenty-one of which (95.5%) were BK virus positive, being significantly higher than that in non-LOHC patients (31.9%) (P = 0.000). No BK virus was detected in the healthy control group at the same time. Quantitative PCR detection showed that the mean BK virus DNA copies in LOHC patients at a week before occurring HC was higher than that at the first positive samples (10(5) copies/microl versus 10(4) copies/microl, P = 0.025), and it was no significant change at the onset and a week after HC. Meanwhile, there was no statistical difference in the mean level of BK virus DNA copies among the LOHC patients with different grades. The mean level of BK virus DNA copies in non-HC patients was 10(3) to 10(4) copies/microl, being lower than that in LOHC patients.

CONCLUSIONSBK viruria is an important pathogenic cause of the LOHC after HSCT. The occurrence of BKV viruria in HSCT patients, together with the increasing of BK virus DNA copies in urine, over the level of 10(5) copies/microl may indicate a possible development of LOHC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; BK Virus ; isolation & purification ; Child ; Cystitis ; etiology ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; urine ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; virology ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (NACC) is a rare malignancy with high local invasiveness. To date, there is no consensus on the imaging characteristics of NACC. To address this, we retrospectively reviewed 10 cases of NACC and summarized the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. MR images of 10 patients with histologically validated NACC were reviewed by two experienced radiologists. The location, shape, margin, signal intensity, lesion texture, contrast enhancement patterns, local invasion, and cervical lymphadenopathy of all tumors were evaluated. Clinical and pathologic records were also reviewed. No patients were positive for antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The imaging patterns of primary tumors were classified into two types as determined by location, shape, and margin. Of all patients, 7 had tumors with a type 1 imaging pattern and 3 had tumors with a type 2 imaging pattern. The 4 tubular NACCs were all homogeneous tumors, whereas 3 (60%) of 5 cribriform NACCs and the sole solid NACC were heterogeneous tumors with separations or central necrosis on MR images. Five patients had perineural infiltration and intracranial involvement, and only 2 had cervical lymphadenopathy. Based on these results, we conclude that NACC is a local, aggressive neoplasm that is often negative for EBV infection and associated with a low incidence of cervical lymphadenopathy. Furthermore, MRI features of NACC vary in locations and histological subtypes.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies