?Acute retinal necrosis syndrome ( ARN) is a serious eye disease, which caused by Herpes virus mostly, with unknown pathogenesis. Because of the aggressive progression, treatment of ARN is difficult, and the blindness rate is extremely high. Current treatment strategies are the combination of the drug therapy and the operative treatment. Drugs commonly used are antiviral drugs, glucocorticoids, and antiplatelet drugs, and the operative treatment includes laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy.

Objective To investigate the effects of curcumin on H2O2-induced the production of nitric oxide(NO) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) in mouse embryo-fibroblast.Methods Macrophage were collected in abdominal cavity of 6-8 weeks Kunming mouse,cultured macrophage(2?108 L-1) were divided into control group and curcumin groups randomly.Macrophage in H2O2 group were added into a single bolus of H2O2(1 mmol?L-1) for 30 min,macrophage in curcumin group were preincubated with different concentration of curcumin for 2 h followed by a 30 min incubation with 1 mmol?L-1 H2O2 and macrophage in control group were added into the same volume(0.1 mL) of 9 g?L-1 so-dium chloride.Immunocytochemistry was used to measure the contents of inducible nitric-oxide synthase(iNOS),NO production was determined by Griess reactive,ROS was determined by DCFH-DA Fluorescence proe.Results The production of NO in control group was little.The production of NO in H2O2 group markly highter than that in control group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of silybin-phosphatidylcholine compound (SPC) on H2O2-induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse macrophage.Methods Macrophage were collected in abdominal cavity of 6-8 week Kunming mouse,and cultured macrophage(2?108 L-1) were divided into control and SPC group randomly.Macrophage in control group were added into the same volume(0.1 mL) of 9 g/L sodium chloride.Macrophage in H2O2 group were added into a single bolus of H2O2 (1 mmol/L H2O2) for 30 min,while macrophage in SPC group were preincubated with different concentration of SPC for 2 h followed by a 30 min incubation with 1 mmol/L H2O2.Immunocytochemistry were used to measure the contents of inducible nitric-oxide synthase(iNOS),NO production was determined by Griess reactive, ROS was determined by DCFH-DA Fluorescence probe.Results The production of NO in H2O2 group markedly higher than that in control group(P

Objective To describe the prevalence and change of rationing of nursing care (RNC) in medical and surgical units of level 2 and level 3 general hospitals across Guangdong province. Methods RNC were measured by asking nurses about the completion status of 12 necessary nursing care activities, and the prevalence of RNC in 2014 was compared with the study results from the China Hospital Nursing Workforce Research(CNWR) in 2009 (exclusively using the data of Guangdong province) to describe the change of RNC. Results Six activities were rationed averagely in 2014, and the most frequent activities rationed wereComfort/talk with patients accounted for 69.8% (975/1 396) andEducating patients and familiesaccounted for 67.3%(940/1 396). According to the CNWR in 2009, the average number of nursing care activities rationed was 3 which was statistically lower than the number in 2014 (P < 0.01). Conclusions RNC is prevalent in level 2 and level 3 general hospitals across Guangdong province, especially psychosocial care to the patients; the prevalence of RNC has not decreased since 2009.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Smell ; Turbinates ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the influencing factors of job burnout among nurses in level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province. Methods A total of 2 066 first line nurses from 133 medical, surgical and intensive care units (ICU) of 23 level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province were surveyed employing the questionnaire Hospital Nursing Human Resources Research during December 2013 to August 2014. Results In the multivariate logistic regression models, each additional doctor per nurse was associated with 1.34 times increase in the likelihood of high level of emotional exhaustion(EE). Nurses had a 57.4%higher risk of high level of EE when they worked overtime. Every one point increase in ancillary service score, and every one more year working as a nurse was associated with 5.4%, 2.3%increase in the likelihood of high level of EE, respectively. Nurses were 42.1%,40.9%more likely to exhibit high level of depersonalization(DP) when they worked in medical units or hospitals of level 3, compared with nurses of surgical units and hospitals of level 2. Nurses had a 29.5%higher risk of high level of DP when they worked overtime. Nurses holding higher positions had a lower likelihood(37.7%) of high level of reduced personal accomplishment(PA) compared with nurses holding lower positions. Nurses in medical units or ICUs had a 31.2%, 51.6%higher risk of high level of PA than nurses in surgical units, respectively. Conclusions Job burnout of nurses is at a quite high level in level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province. The probability of the occurrence of burnout is related to the hospital, unit and nurse characteristics and nursing workloads.

Serum cortisol and plasma ACTH were determined in 10 patients with severe sepsis and 12 with septic shock on day 1,3,5 after diagnosis were made,and the data were compared with 12 control patients. To evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis function in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock,1?g ACTH stimulation test was applied after hormone concentrations were obtained on day 1.Compared with the control patients,ACTH level was significantly higher in patients with severe sepsis and lower in septic shock(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of Danxuetong injection (DXT, a combination of Danshen and Xueshuantong injections) against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury following testis torsion/detorsion in rats.

METHODSThirty-two 4-week-old healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of equal number: sham operation, normal saline, single DXT injection, and successive DXT injection. The rat models of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury were established by 2-hour 720-degree torsion/detorsion of the unilateral testis. At 6 weeks after modeling, the rats were killed and their testes were harvested for measure- ment of testicular coefficients, sperm counts, sperm motility, and the levels of total anti-oxidative capacity (T-AOC) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) , nitric oxide synthase (NOS) , and malondialdehyde ( MDA) in the testis tissue.

RESULTSCompared with the rats of the normal saline group, those of the single DXT injection and successive DXT injection groups showed significant increases in the testicular coefficient (0.11 ± 0.03 vs 0.35 ± 0.04 and 0.40 ± 0.06, P < 0.05), sperm count ([0.46 ± 0.10] vs [1.44 ± 0.50] and [3.00 ± 1.28] x10(9)/ml, P < 0.05), sperm motility ([13.63 ± 14.04] vs [39.63 ± 5.04] and [76.31 ± 3.67]%, P < 0.05), the activity of SOD (72.76 ± 5.58 vs 116.25 ± 8.83 and 133.20 ± 13.84, P < 0.05), and the level of T-AOC (5.58 ± 1.07 vs 13.34 ± 5.81 and 19.21 ± 5.69, P < 0.05), but a remarkable decrease in the content of MDA (42.38 ± 8.94 vs 20.94 ± 5.65 and 15.02 ± 1.03, P < 0. 05) in the injured testes.

CONCLUSIONDXT can effectively rid the testis tissue of oxygen free radicals, improve sperm count and motility by antioxidation, and protect the testis tissue of prepubertal rats against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury after testis torsion/detorsion. It also has a protective effect on the contralateral testis, and successive injection has a better effect than single injection of DXT.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; complications ; therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Testis ; blood supply ; metabolism

Objective:To establish cell lines stably expressing Rab5a and its the inactive mutant Rab5aN133I,analyze the effect of Rab5a on the expression of cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells .Methods:RAW264.7 cells were transfected with Rab5a and its inactive mutant vector Rab5a N133I separately,and then screened by G418.Rab5a stable expressing cell lines were identified by Real time-PCR.The growth of the stable cell lines was analyzed by MTT assay.After the stable cell lines were stimulated by LPS for different time periods,the expression of iNOS,TNF-αand IL-6 was detected.Results:Rab5a and Rab5aN133I transfection resulted in elevated Rab5a mRNA expression compared with the control cells ( P<0.05 ).Rab5a overexpression enhanced the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells.However,the proliferation of Rab5aN133I cells was significantly slower than the control cells ( P<0.05).Overexpression of Rab5a promoted LPS-induced production of iNOS,TNF-αand IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells (P<0.01). Conversely,overexpression of Rab5aN133I abolished the stimulating effects of Rab5a.Conclusion: Rab5a promoted LPS-induced expression of iNOS,TNF-αand IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages in a GTP-binding ability-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the current status of endemic fluorosis in Shandong province, and to provide scientific evidence for the development of control strategies. Methods According to "The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control in 2007", 19 counties were chosen to carry out the epidemiological investigation in 2008. Water and urinary fluoride were determined by F-ion selective electrode, dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were diagnosed by Dean method and skeletal fluorosis of adults over the age of 16 were examined clinically and by X-rays. Results In 19 counties, 186 villages were surveyed, 44 villages were found with mean water fluoride ≤ 1.00 mg/L, accounting for 23.66%(44/186);the value ＞ 1.00 mg/L in 142 villages,accounting for 76.34% (142/186);maximum water fluoride 8.88 mg/L. Total detection rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 66.35% (4518/6809), dental fluorosis index was 1.55, and defect rate was 15.39%(1048/6809). Children with urinary fluoride ＞ 1.40 mg/L was 83.29%(2149/2580), and the maximum value was 31.92 mg/L. Detection rates of skeletal fluorosis clinically and by X ray among adults over 16 years were 6.37%(5577/87 607) and 20.23% (229/1132), respectively. Conclusions Endemic fluorosis in Shandong province is still serious, prevention efforts need to be further increased.