Organophosphate pesticides(OPs)are used extensively in agriculture,it became the most heavily used insecticides in China after the use of organochlorine pesticide was restricted in 1980s in China.Recent years,with an increasing usage of organophosphate pesticides in China,much concern has been showed for the level of OPs in human body and the adverse effects of OPs on human health especially on fetuses and children have raised a great.The level of OPs in children and the adverse effects of OPs exposure on neurobehavioral development of children were reviewed in the present article.

Various pathologic mechanisms and types of lesion have participated in cognitive impairment in patients with vascular dementia.A number of medications have been used in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia in clinical practice,including cholinesterase inhibitors, N-methy-D-aspartate receptor antagonists,calcium channel blockers and neurotrophic drugs. This article reviews the progress in research on the pharmacotherapy of vascular dementia.

Acute Disease ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; adverse effects ; Compartment Syndromes ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Humans ; Amniotic Fluid ; Perinatal Death ; Pneumonia, Aspiration/etiology* ; Arteries

This paper focuses mainly on the study of optimal fermentation conditions of S-adenosyl-L-methionine.Effects of carbon sources,nitrogen sources,inorganic constituents,growth factors and adding time of L-methionine on the yield,the content and biomass of S-adenosyl-L-methionine are studied.And ingredients of the culture medium are also optimized by the method of uniform design.The final optimum culture medium contains: glucose 30 g,Yeast powder 11 g,(NH_4)_2SO_4 12 g,K_2HPO_4?3H_2O 5 g,KH_2PO_4 10 g,MnSO_4?H_2O 0.09 g,ZnSO_4?7H_2O 0.14 g,MgCl_20.5 g,CaCl_2 0.3 g,CuSO_4 0.005 g per liter. Using that optimum culture medium,the yield of S-adenosyl-L-methionine can reach 0.9 g/L in Erlenmeyer flask which is 30 % higher than before.Experiment on 5 L fermenter reveals that the accumulation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine can reach 2.66 g/L.Biomass is 23.4 g/L.

The rodipicolinate synthase gene was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum L.cv,which encodes the key enzyme in the synthesis of lysine,and then a vitro molecular reform reliefing feedback suppression was made. Some resistant seedlings were acquired using the mutated gene as selectable marker and analog of lysine as selectable reagent,and the detection results were positive by means of PCR and Real-Time PCR,however the phenotype is somewhat abnormal.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of modified Ponticelli regimen in treating patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 90 patients with IMN (type Ⅰ / Ⅱ,79/11 respectively) diagnosed by clinical data and renal biopsy.The patients were divided into modified Ponticelli group (n =23),steroid plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) (CTX group,n =39) and steroid plus cyclosporine A(CsA) (CsA group,n =28) according to the treatment.Liver function,renal function,serum lipid,proteinuria were recorded before and after treatment.Efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated in three groups.Results (1) In all three groups,the quantity of proteinuria after treatment for 3 months [(3.33 ± 1.53) g/d,(4.70 ± 2.97) g/d,(3.92 ± 2.57) g/d],6 months [(1.60 ± 1.10) g/d,(2.34 ± 1.61) g/d,(2.25 ± 1.78) g/d] was significantly decreased compared with baseline level[(7.26 ± 2.06) g/d,(7.50 ± 2.55) g/d,(7.54 ± 2.70) g/d;P ＜ 0.05].Serum albumin levels at 3 months [(31.42 ± 3.86) g/d,(30.59 ± 5.79) g/d,(30.90 ± 7.87) g/d],6 months [(36.25 ± 4.20) g/d,(34.70 ± 6.70) g/d,(35.36 ± 8.29) g/d] were significantly increased compared with baseline levels [(24.13 ± 2.61) g/d,(23.98 ± 3.79) g/d,(22.94 ± 4.57) g/d;P ＜ 0.05],whereas serum creatinine at 3 and 6 months had no significant changes (P ＞ 0.05).(2) After treatment for 3 months,partial remission rates in modified Ponticelli group,CTX group and CsA group were 39.1％,35.9％,35.7％ respectively and complete remission rates were 8.7％,5.1％,10.7％,which were not statistically significant in all three groups (P ＞ 0.05).At 6 months,partial remission rates in three groups were 56.5％,41.0％,42.9％ respectively and complete remission rates were 21.7％,20.5％,28.6％,which did not suggested significant difference in all three groups either (P ＞ 0.05).(3) In modified Ponticelli group,steroid diabetes,impaired liver dysfunction,infections and gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 1,1,2 and 2 patients,respectively.In CTX group,steroid diabetes,infections and gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 5,8 and 2 patients,respectively.In CsA group,steroid diabetes and infections occurred in 1 and 3 patients,respectively.Conclusion Modified Ponticelli regimen to treat patients with IMN has a trend of better outcome than classic CTX regimen.The efficacy is not inferior to CsA regimen with fewer side effects.

Objective To prepare and identify the monoclonal antibody against asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and to do further research on clinical application .Methods The short immune peptide antigen was synthetized by solid phase technology . Splenocytes from the Balb /c mice immunized by synthetized antigen were fused with myeloma cells SP 2/0 for producing hybrido-ma .Hybridoma cell line secreting antibodies against ADMA was sifted by indirect ELISA and limiting dilution assay .The specificity of monoclonal antibodies against human ADMA were evaluated with Western blot and ELISA .Results Two hybridoma cell lines stably secreting monoclonal antibodies against ADMA were developed and named 22-1-1and 38-1-6 respectively .By applying West-ern blot and ELISA ,the results indicated that all monoclonal antibodies raised could specifically react with ADMA .Conclusion The success in the production of ADMA monoclonal antibody establishes foundation for application in the practice of clinical labora-to ry .

A total of 8 099 outpatient prescriptions for treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in 9 community health service centers of Shanghai Jing′an district were collected from the regional health information platform.The prescriptions were reviewed and analyzed according to the criteria of the Forth National Consensus Report on the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection.The results showed that only 195 prescriptions met the criteria (2.4%).For those not meeting the criteria, 611 prescriptions (7.5%) gave the right therapeutic protocol but incorrect treatment course;6 893 prescriptions (85.1%) gave the incorrect protocol.It is uggested that incorrect treatment for Hp eradication is common in community health service centers consist in the Helicobacter pylori herapy prescriptions in the community health service cente in Shanghai, Jing′an District, which should be paid more attention to.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of 9 residual organic solvents in blonanserin as methanol, alcohol,isopropyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene. METHODS:Headspace gas chromatography was adopted. The determination was performed on DB-624 capillary column using temperature pro-gramming. The inlet temperature was 150 ℃,and flame ionization detector was used with temperature of 250 ℃. High purity nitro-gen was used as carrier gas with flow rate of 2.8 mL/min. The split ratio was 1:1,and headspace sample size was 1 mL. Head-space heating temperature was 90 ℃,and equilibration time was 35 min. RESULTS:The linear ranges of methanol,alcohol,iso-propyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene were 6-1500 μg/mL(r=0.9998),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9999),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9998),0.82-205 μg/mL(r=0.9994),1.2-300 μg/mL(r=0.9995), 0.58-145 μg/mL(r=0.9994),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9999),1.44-360 μg/mL(r=0.9996),1.78-445 μg/mL(r=0.9995),respec-tively. The limits of quantitation were 17.71,6.02,3.17,7.45,1.53,0.69,0.93,1.01,0.22 μg/mL;the limits of detection were 5.89,1.90,1.05,2.48,0.51,0.23,0.31,0.33,0.07 μg/mL,respectively. RSDs of precision and stability tests were all lower than 3.0%,and isopropanol was found in repeatability test (RSD=2.1%). The average recoveries ranged 96.67%-102.66%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),96.00%-101.83%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),97.17%-101.50%(RSD=1.4%,n=9),96.97%-102.44%(RSD=2.2%,n=9),95.83%-103.33%(RSD=2.5%,n=9),95.83%-100.28%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),98.17%-101.25%(RSD=1.0%,n=9),96.55%-102.30%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),96.30%-102.22%(RSD=1.8%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,rapid,accurate and suitable for simultaneous determination of 9 residual organic solvents in blonanserin as methanol,alco-hol,isopropyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene.