Objective To study effect of excessive iodine intake on sodium-iodide symporter(NIS)mRNA and protein expression of breast in lactating rats.Methods60 Wistar rats,having been weaned for one month,were randomly divided into three groups according to their body weights,I.e,①normal iodine(NI,30 rats);②ten fold high iodine(10 HI,15 rats);③one hundred fold high iodine(100 HI,15 rats).Eating food containing iodine of 300μg/L and drinking water of iodine at 5,1845,20 295μg/L,respectively.After fed for 3 months,the rats mated and had offspring,and urine and milk iodine of lactating rats were determined by As-Ce-catalytic spectrophotometric method.Their marmnary glands were sampled at lactation day 10.Then NIS mRNA expression by RT-PCR was determined and NIS protein by immunohistochemistry(SABC)was observed.Results The urine iodine of 10 HI group(3597.5μg/L)and 100HI group(25 404.3μg/L)increased obviously compared with that of NI group(344.7μg/L).The milk iodine of 10HI group(27.1×103μg/L)and 100HI group(191.0×1μg/L)was higher than that of NI group(6.0×103μg/L),but the increased fold of milk iodine was not paralleled with that of urine iodine.Difference of NIS mRNA expression was significant(F=24.19,P＜0.01)among the groups,and the NIS mRNA expression in 10HI(1.250±0.034)and 100HI(1.272±0.039)group were less than that in NI (1.532±0.044)group(P＜0.01).The breast NIS mRNA expression in lactating rats(1.532±0.044)was significantly higher than that in unlactating rats(0.879±0.018,P＜0.01).With the increasing iodine uptake,NIS protein expression decreased.Conclusions The NIS mRNA and protein in rat breasts is down-regulated by excessive iodine intake.So increasing extent of milk iodine concentration is inhibited,which is important to prevent off-spring from getting excessive iodine intake from parental generation.

Aim To investigate the effect of Aesculus hippocastanum seed extract(AH) on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver injury in mice,and to ex-plore whether the mechanism was related to the inhibi-tory effect of AH on oxidative stress and c-Jun N-termi-nal kinase (JNK). Methods ConA(20 mg·kg-1) was administered via tail vein injecting to induce he-patic damage in mice. The groups of AH were given at 12.5,25,50 mg·kg-1by oral gavage separately for 20 days. The serum levels of AST,ALT,TP,and Alb were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and the A/G ratio was calculated. TNF-α and IFN-γ levels were assayed by ELISA. The liver tissue was attained by HE and the histopathological changes were calculat-ed. The MDA, SOD, GSH contents of liver tissues were assayed by related kits. The activity of caspase-3 was detected by spectrophotometry. The expressions of cytochrome C and Bax, Bcl-2, p-JNK and p-Akt were detected by Western blot. Results The serum levels of ALT, AST, IFN-γ and TNF-α in AH groups were significantly lower than those in ConA-injured group, while the levels of TP,Alb and A/G were significantly higher. The SOD and GSH levels of liver tissues signif-icantly increased and MDA level decreased; liver his-topathological changes were consistent with those of the serological indicators, and AH treatment significantly reduced the pathological damage induced by ConA. In AH group,the expression of cytochrome C,caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and p-JNK markedly decreased, while the expression of p-Akt protein increased compared with ConA model group. Conclusion AH could sig-nificantly protect the ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice via inhibition of ROS and JNK pathway.

Objective Take alkaline ashing method as golden standard to explore the accuracy of chloric acid digestion method in determination of human milk iodine. Methods Sixty one breast milk samples collected in Hexi district of Tianjin was measured by the method for determination of iodine in foodstuff by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (referred to as the alkaline ashing method) published in 2008 and the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry(referred to as acid digestion) published in 1999, respectively. were highly correlated(r = 0.960, t = 26.3, P < 0.01), and the regression equation was (Y) = - 28.1 + 0.808X, in which X was independent variable, that is the results of alkaline ashing method; (Y) was dependent variable, that is the estimated data of chloric acid digestion method. The average difference of the results measured by the two methods was 68.3 μg/L, and the results from chloric acid digestion was 38.9% which lower than that of alkaline samples were diluted by 3,4 and 5-fold and then digested by chloric acid, the liquid clarification rates were 80.3% ashing and chloric acid digestion method were, respectively, 165.4, 110.0 μg/L. Conclusions Compared with alkaline ashing method, the results determined by chloric acid digestion method are significantly lower. It is suggested that there are systemic errors in chloric acid digestion method, which means that alkaline ashing method can not be replaced by the chloric acid digestion method.

This study was aimed to investigate the occurrence and clinical significance of the SET-NUP214 fusion gene in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), analyse clinical and biological characteristics in this disease. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of SET-NUP214 fusion gene in 58 T-ALL cases. Interphase FISH and Array-CGH were used to detect the deletion of 9q34. Direct sequencing was applied to detect mutations of PHF6 and NOTCH1. The results showed that 6 out of 58 T-ALL cases (10.3%) were detected to have the SET-NUP214 fusion gene by RT-PCR. Besides T-lineage antigens, expression of CD13 and(or) CD33 were detected in all the 6 cases. Deletions of 9q34 were detected in 4 out of the 6 patients by FISH. Array-CGH results of 3 SET-NUP214 positive T-ALL patients confirmed that this fusion gene was resulted from a cryptic deletion of 9q34.11q34.13. PHF6 and NOTCH1 gene mutations were found in 4 and 5 out of 6 SET-NUP214 positive T-ALL patients, respectively. It is concluded that SET-NUP214 fusion gene is often resulted from del(9)(q34). PHF6 and NOTCH1 mutations may be potential leukemogenic event in SET-NUP214 fusion gene.
Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Histone Chaperones ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; Receptor, Notch1 ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

An open-access microfluidic chip which enabled automatic cell distribution and complex multi-step operations was developed.The microfluidic chip featured a key structure in which a nanoporous membrane was sandwiched by a cell culture chamber array layer and a corresponding media reservoir array layer.The microfluidic approach took advantage of the characteristics of the nanoporous membrane.On one side, this membrane permitted the flow of air but not liquid, thus acting as a flow-stop valve to enable automatic cell distribution.On the other side, it allowed diffusion-based media exchange and thus, mimicked the endothelial layer.In synergy with a liquid transferring platform, the open-access microfluidic system enabled complex multi-step operations involving medium exchange, drug treatment, and cell viability testing.By using this microfluidic protocol, a 10 × 10 tissue arrays was constructed in 90 s, followed by schedule-dependent drug testing.Morphological and immunohistochemical assays results indicated that the resultant tumor tissue was faithful to that in vivo.Drug testing assays showed that the microfluidic tissue array promised multi-step cell assays under biomimetic microenvironment, thus providing an advantageous tool for cell research.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of curcumin in situ hydrogels for treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Methods In situ hydrogels were prepared using poloxamer 407 and 188 as the gel matrix.Gelation temperature,gelation time and rheological characteristics were determined.Mice models with vaginal candidiasis were established.The animals were divided into six groups:the healthy mice group,the model group,the positive control group(ketoconazole cream),curcumin-loaded in situ hydrogels of 0.025,0.10 and 0.20 g/ml.Before treatment and after the fourth and eighth treatments,the vaginal smears were collected and Gram-stained.The vagina washings fluid of mice were collected to determine DNA of Lactobacillus.On 8thday,the mice were sacrificed and the vaginal tissues were excised for pathological detection.Results The gelation temperature and time of in situ hydrogels were 29℃and 2′30″,respectively.Rheological profiles demonstrated that it showed good retention effect in vivo.Compared with the model group, curcumin hydrogels of 0.025,0.10 and 0.20 g/ml could inhibit the growth of Candida albicans,inhibit vaginal mucosal edema,inflam?matory hyperplasia,and decrease the expression of inflammatory factors including TNF-α(P<0.01)and IL-1β(P<0.01).Howev?er,curcumin hydrogels could not influence the growth of lactobacillus in the vagina.It indicated that curcumin hydrogels did not de?pend on lactobacillus to treat fungal vaginitis.Conclusion Curcumin in situ hydrogels could inhibit candidiasis growth,decrease ede?ma of vaginal mucosa and inflammatory hyperplasia,and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors.It provides a novel choice for the treatment of clinical vaginal candidiasis.

Objective To demonstrate the therapeutic effect of curcumin hydrogel combined with photodynamics on acne. Methods Sieving and ultrasound/high pressure homogenization were used to prepare curcumin micropowder.Curcumin-loaded hydro?gel was prepared with Poloxamer 407 and its rheological characteristics were evaluated.The antibacterial activity of curcumin hydrogel irritated with 657 nm laser was assayed by a hole-punching method.Acne model on rabbit ears war established.Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups:the model group,tretinoin cream group,illumination group,curcumin hydrogel group,and curcumin hydrogel/illumination group.The therapeutic effects on acne were evaluated by the morphological and histopatho?logical examination.Results The micropowdered curcumin prepared with ultrasound/high pressure homogenization had smaller size and more uniform distribution(size range:5-20 μm.)than the sieving-prepared curcumin micro-powders(10-45 μm).The prepared hydrogels being a pseudoplastic fluid had the properties of gelatin.The antibacterial effect of curcumin hydrogel/illumination was bet?ter than that of curcumin hydrogel.The inhibition zone diameters were(9.4±0.92)and(12.57±1.12)mm for the curcumin hydrogel and the curcumin hadrogel/illumination groups,respectively.The therapeutic effect for the treatment of acne on the rabbit ears with ac?ne was better in the curcumin hydrogel/illumination group than in both the illumination and the curcumin hydrogel groups. Conclu?sion Curcumin hydrogel combined with photodynamic therapy showed better therapeutic efficacy on acne treatment.It provides an ideal choice for acne treatment.

The purpose of this study was to summary the clinical and laboratorial features in 15 adult cases of mixed phenotypic acute leukemia with Ph chromosome and/or BCR-ABL fusion gene positive (Ph(+)MPAL), 15 adult patients with Ph(+)MPAL were defined by WHO-2008 classification. The clinical characteristics, results of morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular genetic detections and results of follow-up in 15 adult patients with Ph(+)MPAL were analyzed retrospectively. The results showed that 15 patients among 87 cases of MPAL demonstrated Ph(+)MPAL (17.2%; 15/87) (7 males and 8 females), their median age was 51 (range 16-81) year old and median WBC count at diagnosis was 69 (12.7-921)×10(9)/L. Based on FAB criteria, these patients showed different morphologic types, including AML (13.3%; 2/15), ALL (40.0%; 6/15), HAL (46.7%; 7/15). Immunologic analysis indicated that 15 cases of Ph(-)MPAL were all classified as B-lymphoid +myeloid mixed immunophenotype. Except one patient, all expressed CD34 antigen on the surface of leukemia cells with 64.3% strong positive, only Ph (53.3%; 8/15), Ph with additional chromosomal abnormalities (33.3%; 5/15) and normal karyotype (13.3%; 2/15) were cytogenetically identified. BCR-ABL fusion gene transcript positive were detected by multiplex reverse transcription PCR in all cases, with e1a2 subtype (p190) (40.0%; 6/15) and b2a2 or b3a2 (p210) subtype (60.0%; 9/15). Four out of 7 (57.1%) patients were found to have IKZF1 gene deletion, without other common gene mutations. Seven out of 10 cases (70.0%) achieved complete remission (CR) after one cycle of induction chemotherapy. In the induction stage, CR rate seemed higher when tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) were added to chemotherapy (83.3%:50.0%; P = 0.206). Overall survival (OS) in 4 patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was longer than that in 4 patients received chemotherapy alone (P = 0.004). It is concluded that Ph(+)MPAL mainly is expressed as B+My phenotype. The majority of patients is older and has CD34 overexpression. In the aspect of molecular genetics, the Ph(+)MPAL is similar to other acute leukemia with Ph chromosome. Ph(+)MPAL is a subtype of acute leukemia with poor prognosis. WBC count at diagnosis is an independent prognostic factor. The combination of TKI and allo-HSCT can improve their long-term survival, which needs to be confirmed through carrying out a prospective and multicenter clinical trial for newly diagnosed Ph(+)MPAL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of aildenafil citrate, an oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

METHODSIntegrated analyses were made of 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trials involving 250 men with mild-to-severe erectile dysfunction of various etiologies who received aildenafil citrate 30 or 60 mg (n = 167) or placebo (n = 83).

RESULTSThe statistic results of International Index of Erectile Function, Patient Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diaries and Global Assessment Question (GAQ) were significantly higher in the aildenafil citrate patients than in the placebo controls. The main drug-related adverse events were flushing, headache, dizziness and naupathia, which were mild and could be self-relieved.

CONCLUSIONThe aildenafil citrate therapy significantly ameliorated erectile function and was well tolerated by a wide range of patients with erectile dysfunction.

Administration, Oral ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Piperazines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Sulfones ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome