In the paper, by taking acupuncture and migraine as the key words to retrieve CNKI and PubMed database, the literature analysis was done on the mechanism study on experimental migraine treated with acupuncture in rat model. The results showed that acupuncture mechanism study focused on the regulation and control of the relevant neurotransmitters/neuromodulators of migraine, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), serotonin (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO), etc. Moreover, in the paper, the review had been done on the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators involved in the study.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Migraine Disorders ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Nitroglycerin ; metabolism ; Rats ; Serotonin ; metabolism

Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2 +] i) and the contraction of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs),and prove that hypercontractility of GMCs induced by TNF-α in hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) was connected with inositol 1,4,5-trisphophate receptors (IP3Rs).Methods GMCs were divided into TNF-α-treated 0 h,4h,and 24 h groups.Another 3 groups were blocked by 2-APB.The effect of TNF-α on [Ca2 +] i was identified and observed whether it could be blocked by 2-APB.Contraction of GMCs was determined by accessing the surface area of cells before and after contraction.Results TNF-α significantly increased ET-induced calcium release,in that we found higher [Ca2 +] i after stimulated by ET in TNF-α-treated 4 h group and 24 h group[4 h:(648.08 ±267.11) nmol/L; 24 h:(879.30 ±-260.29) nmol/L; 0 h:(619.93 ±258.94)nmol/L,F =5.486,4 h vs 0 h:P ＜ 0.05 ; 24 h vs 0 h:P ＜ 0.05 ;24 h vs 4 h:P ＞ 0.05].This phenomenon can be totally blocked by 2-APB in all groups.The change in planar surface area in response to ET was slightly in control cells but significantly enhanced in TNF-α-treated cells [4 h:(2198 ± 340)μm2; 24h:(2260±553)μm2; 0 h:(2436±474)μm2,F =4.001,4 h vs0 h:P ＜0.05; 24 h vs0 h:P ＜0.05;24 h vs 4 h:P ＞ 0.05].Conclusion TNF-α can enhance ET-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2 + release and increase the contractile responses of GMCs to ET,which is associated with IP3Rs.TNF-α is responsible for hyperconstractility of glomeruli in HRS.

BACKGROUND:Double inferior vena cava (DIVC), usually found at routine autopsies, is rare in the clinic. It has been described in numerous reports over the years since Adachi first depicted it in 1940. But all these reports were based on two-dimensional (2D) observation, and no three-dimensional and animated images reported. OBJECTIVE: To observe and establish the digital visible models of the structure of DIVC of the Virtual Chinese Human Male (VCH-M) Ⅲ.DESIGN: Repetitive measurement design by taking VCH-M Ⅲ as the subjects.SETTING : Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Anatomy, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Southern Medical University from February 2006 to May 2006. The cross-sectional images of fresh tissues from VCH-M Ⅲ dataset were reviewed and 1 060 serially-sectioned slices of VCH-M Ⅲ, from the 2 600th slice to the 3 660th were taken as the source for the 3D models in our study.METHODS: Cross-sectional images of fresh tissues from the VCH-M Ⅲ dataset were reviewed and the structures of the DIVC were confirmed on a section-by-section basis. 3D computerized reconstructions of DIVC and its adjacent structures were generated from these data using Arnira 3.1 (TGS) imaging software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cross-sectional images and 3D reconstruction of VCH-M Ⅲ.RESULTS: The cross-sectional images of the VGH-M Ⅲ could fairly display the main structure of DIVC. The digitized model of brachial plexus offers unique insights into the abnormity anatomy of DIVC.CONCLUSION: The VCH-M Ⅲ dataset can provide complete and accurate data of DIVC.

Various pathologic mechanisms and types of lesion have participated in cognitive impairment in patients with vascular dementia.A number of medications have been used in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia in clinical practice,including cholinesterase inhibitors, N-methy-D-aspartate receptor antagonists,calcium channel blockers and neurotrophic drugs. This article reviews the progress in research on the pharmacotherapy of vascular dementia.

Objective To discuss the expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis ( TWEAK) in serum, urine and renal tissue in lupus nephritis( LN) . Methods The serum and urine levels of TWEAK were assessed by ELISA in LN patients and normal controls. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of TWEAK in the kidney of patients and healthy controls. Results The serum and urine concentrations of TWEAK and MCP-1 were significantly higher in LN patients than those in healthy controls(P<0. 01). In addition,the level of serum TWEAK showed positive correlation with SLEDAI and negative correlation with serum C3 level ( P <0. 01),the expression of urine TWEAK showed positive correlation with SLEDAI (P<0. 05). In healthy renal tis-sues TWEAK was distributed mainly in renal tubules and rarely seen in glomerular while the expressions of TWEAK increased in renal tubular and glomeruli stainings were found in LN paitients. TWEAK could induce increased mac-rophage migration, may be involved in the pathological progression of lupus nephritis. Conclusion TWEAK may play key roles in the pathogenesis of LN. Meanwhile, TWEAK in serum and urine may be useful as markers of dis-ease activity. The change of TWEAK maybe associated with the pathology category of LN.

Hyperuricemia is closely associated with hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease.However,numerous studies have shown that as a natural antioxidant,uric acid has a strong antioxidant effect.It can enhance the body's overall antioxidant capacity,scavenge free radicals in tissue,decrease the level of oxidative stress,and improve the outcomes in patients with stroke.It may provide a new target for the treatment of stroke through investigating the neuroprotective effect of uric acid on ischemic stroke.

Objective To study the relationship between serum fibronectin(Fn) and hyaluronic acid(HA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and their clinical value.Methods The serum Fn and HA levels in 50 cases of HCC 14 cases of benign hepatic disease and 100 healthy persons were determined by enzyme-labelled turbidimetry and radioimmuoassay.Results The serum Fn content (125.85?29.47)mg/L of the patients with HCC was significantly lower than those of both the benign hepatic disease(210.14?18.36)mg/L and healthy controls (219.96?26.26)mg/L,P

Objective To observe the influence of preoperative regional chemotherpy on colon cancer cell cycle.Methods30 colorectal cancer patients received intraarterial chemotherapy 10 days before the radical resection.The expression of p16 and Rb protein was examined by immunohistochemistry.Result was compared with the control group.Results Labeling index (LI) of p16 protein was (35?19)% in treatment group, while in control group L1 was (16?8)%,( P

Ethics committee in hospitals aims to protect the rights of human subjects and patients,and provide ethical evaluation and justification for guaranteeing the quality of medical research and treatment.Based on experiences in recent years,this paper suggests the following methods in order to manage the activities of ethics committees and push its further development,such as to draft the ethics system,establish the criteria of ethics,implement the process administration and provide ethics training.