Objective: To study clinical significance of endogenous vitamin C 、 E in patients With hypertension and stroke. Methods: The serum vitamin C、 E, Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry in patients with hypertension (23 cases)、 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (CH, 30 cases)、 ischemic cerebrovascular disorders (IC, 25 cases) and control groups (20 cases). Results: Compared with control group, at acute stage of stroke, the Vit C、 E and SOD levels significantly reduced (P＜0. 01), the MDA level significantly increased (P＜0.01); at convalescent stage, the Vit C、 E gradually recover to normal, the SOD still reduced (P＜0.05), the MDA still incresed (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The endogenous Vit C、 E have significant change in patients with acute stage of stroke, it gradually recovers to normal in convalescent stage. Meanwhile the SOD and MDA change accordingly.

Objective To investigate the application effect of quality control management in the prevention of indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infection in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods Cases of patients stayed in the department of ICU undergoing indwelling catheter over 10 d were selected by using time stage sampling method. Totally 136 cases of patients were selected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012, as the control group. A total of 145 cases of patients were selected from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013, as the performance group. Cases in performance group were taken standardized training and quantify the performance appraisal on the basis of measures in the control group. The urine routine was tested and bacterial was cultured at indwelling catheter 3 d, 7 d and 10 d, respectively. The indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infections of the two groups were compared. Results After the implementation of the performance appraisal management, the incidences of indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infection at 3 d, 7 d and 10 d were 4.8%(7/145), 19.3% (28/145) and 32.4% (47/145), respectively. Within each quarter, the incidence of indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infection was rising with indwelling catheter time prolonged. And the incidences of the first and second quarter were higher than three and four quarter. The incidences of indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infections at 3 d, 7 d and 10 d in the performance group were lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.494, 30.660 and 49.307, P < 0.05). Conclusions Standardized training of nursing staff in ICU and implementation of performance appraisal management could effectively improve the enthusiasm and sense of responsibility of the nurses, and effectively reduce the incidence of indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infection.

concern in breast cancer involves changes in weight which may adversely affect the prognosis of patients. This study intended to evaluate weight changed uring chemotherapy and its association with prognostic outcome measured as event-free survival (EFS)among breast cancer patients. A total of63 women diagnosed with breast cancer and have been treated by anthracycline-based chemotherapy between 2005 and 2011were included.A weight change (WC) was calculated based on relative percentage of weight changes from baseline to post-chemotherapy and categorized into either weight change (WC >5%) or stable (±5% WC).Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier (SPSS 20). Upon treatment completion, 42.9% of the women experienced weight changes. A small weight reduction was observed (61.1 ± 11.6kg to 60.2 ± 11.9kg; -0.8 ± 4.0kg; p=0.106). The median EFS of women who experienced weight change was shorter (median 61.0 months) compared to those who maintained their weight (median 89.0 months) (p=0.044). In this study, weight changes during breast cancer chemotherapy were associated with poorer prognosis in comparison to women who maintained their weight.

Objective To investigate the relationship between CD+3CD28+T cell value and chemotherapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced digestive cancer. Methods 38 digestive cancer patients with distant metastatic lesion were included.10 healthy persons were as control group. The absolute counts of CD+3CD28+T cell were measured with flow eytometry in these patients before chemotherapy. All patients received chemotherapy, gastric cancer: DCF regimen (docetaxel plus tegafur and cisplatin, one cycle), colorectal cancer:. Folfox regimen (L-OHP plus tegafur, two cycles), esophageal cancer: mitomycin plus tegafur and cisplatin (two cycles), gallbladder or pancreatic cancer: gemzar plus tegafur and cisplatin (one cycle). According to WHO standard, the chemotherapeutic efficacy was determined, 38 patients were divided into three groups: CR+PR (complete remission plus partial remission), SD (stable of disease) and PD (progress of disease) group. Statistical analysis was used upon all data. Results There was no significant difference in value of CD+3CD28+ T cell between CR+PR group and control group (P=0.549). The value of CD+3CD28+ T cell in SD group and PD group were significantly decreased (P=0.002, P=0.000). The value of CD+3CD28+T cell in CR+PR group was more than that in PD group (P =0.001), while in SD group was more than in PD group (P = 0.044). Conclusion The efficacy is poor, if the value of CD+3CD28+ T cell in patients with advanced digestive cancer is less than that of in healthy persons in peripheral blood. Therefore, the value of CD+3CD28+ T cell is important for the early prediction of the efficacy before chemotherapy.

Objectives: This paper mainly intended to review the experiences and challenges encountered particularly in mental health issues and to additionally analyze the methodologies used in studies involving HIV/AIDS informal caregivers. Methods: Four electronic databases; Science Direct, EBSCOhost, Ovid and Springer Link were searched for articles published in the past 10 years (2002 – 2012). Only full-text English articles related to research on care giving of HIV-infected adult patients were selected. Results: Twenty two out of 293 articles (7.5%) were reviewed, involving 2,765 caregivers in the USA (n=1,610), Africa (n=253), Asia (n=838) and Oceania (n=64) regions. A variety of age categories was involved in care giving with the youngest carer being 12 years old and the oldest, 60 years on average. Females and whites appeared to be dominant and 603 caregivers themselves were HIVpositive. The main outcomes measured were care giving burden, challenges and coping. Stress and depression, stigma and discrimination, insufficient support, role overload and extreme poverty were the main challenges experienced in care giving. Both qualitative (n=11) and quantitative (n=9) were the equally preferred types of study. Purposive sampling emerged as the most preferred sampling technique. Various instruments were utilized, but the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was the most popular particularly in quantitative studies. Conclusion: A variety of life aspects were negatively affected in the process of care giving for HIV/AIDS patients and studies of such nature commonly focused on caregivers’ psychosocial burden.

This research is to investigate study the flavonoids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and the cytotoxic activities of iso- lated compounds. The constituents were separated by column chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytoxic activities by MTT method. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as rhamnazin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), luteolin-3', 4'-dimethylether-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3,3'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 1, 8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(6) , kaempferol(7), isorhamnetin (8), quercetin(9), astragalin(10), hyperoside (11) and 1-hy- droxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone(12). All compounds were isolated from stems of this plant for the first time, and compounds 1-5 were firstly isolated from the family nelumbonaceae. Compounds 24 and 6 showed significant cytotoxic activities against BEL-7402 carcinoma cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with the inhibitory rate of 67.36%, 53.25%, 57.78%, 60.13% and 52.11%, respectively.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

Aged ; Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte ; metabolism ; Brenner Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Cystectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objectives: This review aims to compile and evaluate all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of auricular acupuncture (AA) treatment in drug addiction population with emphasis on the length of treatment course, needle-points, outcome measures, reported side-effects and overall outcomes. Methods: Science Direct, Medline and EBSCOhost databases were searched. From the year 1990 until 2010, only full-length English articles incorporating RCTs related to AA studies (needlebased only) in drug addiction such as heroin, morphine, methamphetamine and cocaine were included. Studies involving the usage of various methods of electroacupuncture and investigations relating to cigarette-smoking or alcohol addiction were excluded. Results: Eight RCTs met all inclusion criteria comprising of 1,594 respondents (age = 19 - 46 years; male = 57% - 76%). Most were involved in cocaine addiction. Overall, trials were designed with brief periods of treatment course and utilised three to five standard National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) points (Sympathetic, Lung, Liver, Kidney and Shenmen), but inconsistent sham points. All trials included urine toxicology test as the main outcome measure while data on side-effects incidence was insufficient. Conclusions: Overall, four of the RCTs reported positive outcomes although at this point, AA’s effectiveness and safety could not be substantially confirmed. For the future, high-quality RCTs of AA are urgently required to provide a clearer understanding on the usefulness of this complementary therapy in drug addiction treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis on the treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) with cataract. Methods The retrospective review included 71 patients (98 eyes) with PACG and cataract treated in Tianjin Huanghe Hospital. Patients were underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation combined goniosynechialysis. Among these patients, there were 21 males (30 eyes) and 50 females (68 eyes). Patients ranged in age from 53 to 94 years old, everage (73.94 ± 6.43) years old. They were divided into acute angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group (47 patients, 64 eyes) and chronic angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group (24 patients, 34 eyes). The visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber angle, anterior chamber depth (CCT), topical and oral medications and surgical complications were observed before and after surgery in two groups. All the patients were followed up for 6 months. Results At the end of follow-up, postoperative visual acuity, IOP, CCT, anterior chamber angle and IOP-lowing medicine (topical and oral medications) were all improved in the two groups compared with those of preoperative levels (all P < 0.01). There were no statistical differences in preoperative or postoperative average visual acuity, IOP and anterior chamber angle between two groups (all P > 0.05). Values of CCT were significantly higher before and after operation in chronic angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group than those of acute angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group (P < 0.05). No drug-control rate of intraocular pressure was 76.5% (26/34) for chronic angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group than that of acute angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group (100%, 64/64). There was no need on topical medication in acute angle-closure glaucoma with cataract group. There were 14 eyes had corneal edema and 8 eyes appeared iris fibrous exudation in two groups, while no other serious complications. Conclusion For patients with PACG and cataract, the combined surgery of phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis is a safe and effective therapy that can improve visual acuity and reduce IOP with fewer complications.