Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) superfamily and play critical roles in skeletal development, bone formation and stem cell differentiation.BMP9 is one of the most osteogenic BMPs, promoting osteogenesis differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells ( PDLSCs) both in vitro and in vivo.Recently, signal transduc-tion studies have revealed that BMP-Receptor-Smads and BMP-Receptor-Mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK) play vital roles in BMP9 which promote PDLSCs osteogenesis differentiation.Several studies revealed that transcription factors closely associated with os-teogenesis differentiation are found in the downstream of the Smads and MAPK pathways.This review aims to summarize our current knowledge of BMP9-mediated osteogenesis by presenting recently completed works which may help us to further elucidate these path-ways.

In recent years,the application of haploidentical stem cell transplantation makes it possible for every transplant candidate to have a donor.Therefore,choosing best donor and dealing with transplantrelated complications,such as promoting engraftment,decreasing graft-versus-host disease and relapse,become key issues to improve transplant outcomes.The advances in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation will be reviewed.

Animals ; Humans ; Neurotoxins ; toxicity ; Pesticides ; toxicity ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Toxicology

Objective:To determine the mechanism of sunitinib-induced autophagy in renal cell carci-noma cells.Methods:MTS assay was applied to detect the cell viability alteration under the treatment of sunitinib (2,8 μmol /L).The sunitinib-induced autophagy as well as cell apoptosis was measured and compared after knocking down autophagy-related protein Beclin1 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 fusion protein (LC3)by RNA interference.The transmission electron microscope was used to observe the formation of autophagosomes in ACHN cells.The fluorescence microscope was used to mo-nitor distribution and aggregation of endogenous LC3-Ⅱ.The expressions of protein such as LC3-Ⅱ,the autophagic regulation molecules protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR)and the symbol of apoptosis poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)were capable to be detected by immunoblotting assay.Results:Sunitinib was able to significantly trigger cell viability loss in the renal carcinoma cell ACHN,which was both in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner (P <0.05 ).After reducing the autophagy by knocking down Beclin1 and LC3,the number of cleavage of PARP was in-creased remarkably,whereas there was nearly not any cleavage in the mock group.By the transmission electron microscope,there were more autophagic vacuoles in ACHN cells after being administrated with sunitininb compared with the control.And the nuclear-to-cytosol translocation as well as aggregation of LC3-Ⅱ was presented after sunitinib treatment by the fluorescence microscope,which was the proof of the enhanced autophagy.According to the immunoblotting,sunitinib was able to increase the accumula-tion of LC3-Ⅱ.At the same time,the result of sunitinib combined with chloroquine,a drug which blocked the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes,demonstrated that the increasing amount of LC3-Ⅱwas due to the enhanced autophagy flux by sunitinib treatment in ACHN cells.However,phosphorylation of Akt as well as mTOR was decreased at the same time.The rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor)or knocking down Akt subunits could change the sunitinib-induced LC3-Ⅱ accumulation,whereas overexpression of Akt subunits decreased the autophagic flux,indicating that Akt/mTOR was the target of sunitinib in auto-phagy.Conclusion:Sunitinib induced autophagy via suppressing Akt/mTOR pathway,and the auto-phagy was involved in apopotosis.

After the problems in digitalizing ancient books on traditional Chinese medicine were analyzed, the principles that should be followed in their digitalization were pointed out according to its theories and practice.The platform for digitalizing them was constructed with《Collective Notes to Canon of Materia Medica》as an example, and its design ideas, framework, development model and functional modules were described.

Objective To discuss the value of network with real-time monitoring case in hospital. Methods Using the real time monitoring case of "No.1 Military Medical Project" and examining, analysis and evaluating. Results The quality of case and medical care were advanced obviously. Conclusion The scientification and standardization of case realized is propitious for hospital management.

Post stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after senile cerebrovascular diseases. It influences both physical and mental health of the elderly severely. So, the attention should be paid to not only the medical cares but also the function and mental rehabilitation, in order to improve the qualities of PSD patients' lives and decrease the death rate.

Objective To investigate the expressions of claudin-5 and claudin-10 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC) and its significance.Methods Pathological verified 50 colorectal tissue (CRT),25 colorectal adenoma (CRA),25 non lymph node metastasis CRC (non-LNM CRC) and 25 lymph node metastasis CRC (LNM CRC) were detected for the expression of claudin-5 and claudin-10 by immunohistochemical SP(streptavidin perdcidase) method.Results The positive expression rate of Claudin-5 was 82%,76%,68% in CRT,CRA,CRC,respectively.The positive expression rate of claudin-5 in different groups was not significantly different(X~2 =2.638,P＞0.05).claudin-5 expression was correlated with LNM (P＜0.05),but was not correlated with gender,age,tumor,location,differentiation,tumor diameter and serous membrane invasion(P＞0.05).The positive expression rate of claudin-10 was 54%,56%,72% in CRT,CRA,CRC,respectively.The positive expression rate of claudin-10 in different groups was not significantly different(X~2 = 3.839,P＞0.05).claudin-10 expression was correlated with tumor diameter,serous membrane invasion and LNM (P＜0.05),but was not correlated with gender,age,location and differentiation (P＞0.05).There was no significant correlation between claudin-5 expression and claudin-10 expression in CRC (r = 0.050,P = 0.732).Conclusions claudin-5 and clandin-10 are expressed in CRT,CRA,and CRC.They are not involved in CRC occurrence,claudin-5 and clandin-10 abnormally expressions are significantly associated with the incidence of LNM.Meanwhile,claudin-10 expression is correlated with tumor diameter and serous membrane invasion.There was no significant correlation between claudin-5 expression and claudin-10 expression in CRC.

Objective To evaluate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on the level of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 (Tie-2) during endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table (n =10 each):control group (group C),ALI group,low-dose PHC group (group L-PHC) and high-dose PHC group (group H-PHC).ALI was induced with iv injection of lipopolysaccharide 5.0 mg/kg via the tail vein.In L-PHC and H-PHC groups,PHC 0.6 and 2 mg/kg were injected,respectively,via the tail vein at 1 and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide injection.The rats were sacrificed at 48 h after the initial injection of PHC to measure the lung water content,protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF),and the expression of Ang-1,Tie-2 and phosphorylated Tie-2 in lung tissues.The morphological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope and the ultrastructural changes of alveolar epithelial barrier under transmission electron microscope.Results Compared with group C,the lung water content and protein concentrations in BALF were significantly increased,and the expression of Ang-1 and phosphorylated Tie-2 was down-regulated in the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group ALI,the lung water content and protein concentrations in BALF were significantly decreased,and the expression of Ang-1 and phosphorylated Tie-2 was up-regulated in H-PHC group (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group L-PHC (P ＞0.05).The damage to lung tissues was significantly reduced in group H-PHC as compared with group ALI.Conclusion PHC can improve the permeability of pulmonary microvascular and reduce injury to alveolar epithelial barrier,thus ameliorating endotoxin-induced ALI in rats,and the effect is dose-related and up-regulation of Ang-1 expression and inhancement of Tie-2 activity are involved in the mechanism.

objective To develop long-term care demand assessment indicators for the disabled elderly in nursing home.Methods The assessment indicators were formulated based on literature review,semi-structured interviews and expert meeting.Then,Delphi technique was used to identify the indicators through two rounds of consultation among 23 experts.Results The response rates of two rounds consultation were 74.19％ and 95.65％,and the authority coefficients of experts were 0.850 and 0.905.The coordination coefficients of two levels of indicators in the second round were 0.600 and 0.269,respectively (P＜0.001).The long-term care demand assessment indicators for the disabled elderly in nursing homes consisted of 5 first-level indicators and 40 seeond-level indicators.Conclusion The longterm care demand assessment indicators for the disabled elderly in nursing home is reliable and scientific,which can provide references for further developing long-term care contents for the elderly in the nursing home and standardizing quality of long-term care.