To prepare an experimental caprine model of tibia bone diaphyseal defect used in tissue engineering and defect repair with the tissue engineering method, 27 Chinese caprines were divided into 3 groups: blank, control, and test. The 20mm left tibia diaphyseal defect of each caprine was made and fixed with plates. The blank group was not filled with coral hydroxyapatite (CHAP) or bone marrow stroma cell (BMSc). The control group and the experimental group were filled with CHAP and CHAP/BMSc respectively. The results of three groups were evaluated by X ray examination, optical density index of X ray film and histology 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation. The biomechanical characteristics of the specimens of the CHAP group and the CHAP/BMSc group were tested by three point bending test 12 weeks after operation.The results showed that the optical density indices of X ray film of the blank group were not significantly different 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation and indices of the CHAP group were significantly smaller than those of the CHAP/BMSc group ( P

To determine the regulatory effect of ? opioid receptor stimulation on ? adrenoceptor signaling and its underlying mechanism, single ventricular myocytes were isolated from the heart of rat subjected to chronic hypoxia for 4 weeks. The electrically induced [Ca 2+ ] i transient were measured using a spectrofluorometric method. RT PCR was used to determine the mRNA of ? opioid receptor, and Western blot was used to determine the Gi and Gs protein. ? adrenoceptor stimulation with isoproterenol increased the amplitude of the electrically induced [Ca 2+ ] i transient in myocytes of normoxic rats. U50488H, a selective ? opioid receptor agonist, significantly inhibited the effect of isoproterenol. In the heart of chronically hypoxic rats, the inhibition of U50488H was blunted. RT PCR revealed no significant change in mRNA of ? opioid receptor. Western blot showed no change in Gi protein. While biologically active Gs small protein decreased significantly. The results indicate that the negative modulation of ? opioid receptor on ? adrenoceptor is attenuated in the heart of chronically hypoxic rat. The decrease in Gs protein may be partially responsible for the attenuation.

Post stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after senile cerebrovascular diseases. It influences both physical and mental health of the elderly severely. So, the attention should be paid to not only the medical cares but also the function and mental rehabilitation, in order to improve the qualities of PSD patients' lives and decrease the death rate.

AIM: The present study was to investigate the time course of ?-adrenoceptor desensitization and changes in the calcium transient in rat ventricular myocytes following chronic hypoxia. METHODS: With the spectrofluorometric method, the intracellular calcium( i) transient and its response to ?-adrenoceptor stimulation were determined in the single right ventricular myocytes, loaded with Fura-2.RESULTS: After 2-3 weeks of chronic hypoxia, the amplitudes of electrically induced i transient and caffeine-induced i transient started to decrease and the duration of i transient prolonged. The enhanced electrically induced i transient evoked by isoprotrenol was also decreased. After 3 or 4 weeks of chronic hypoxia, these changes aggravated gradually. After 8 weeks of chronic hypoxia, the changes of all these parameters were convalescent, meanwhile there was no significant difference compared with that of 4 weeks group. CONCLUSIONS: After 2-4 weeks of chronic hypoxia, the ?-adrenoceptor desensitization occurs, the underlying mechanism is related to the decreased function of L-type of calcium channel, ryanodine receptor-operated calcium channel and calcium ATPase, which is responsible for the decreased cardiac functionl. At 8 weeks of hypoxia, the heart is in adaptation and compensatory process.

Objective To study the constituents in water-extracts from Flos Lonicerae. Methods Compounds were isolated and purified by using various column chromatography such as D101, Sephadex LH-20, and silica gel, etc. Their structures were identified on the basis of physical and spectral data. Results Seven secoiridoid glycosides were obtained and identified as vogeloside (Ⅰ), 7-epi-vogeloside (Ⅱ), secologanic acid (Ⅲ), sweroside (Ⅳ), secoxyloganin (Ⅴ), secologanoside (Ⅵ), (E)-aldosecologanin (Ⅶ). Conclusion Among them, compounds Ⅲ and Ⅵ are firstly obtained from the plants in Lonicera L. The structure of compound Ⅶ is rare in nature so far.

Aim To investigate the effects of U50488H,a selective ?-opioid receptor agonist,on the blood pressure in the rats and explore their mechanisms.Methods Heart rate(HR),arterial blood pressure(ABP),left ventricular pressure(LVP),contractive function(+ dp/dt_(max)) and diastolic function(-dp/dt_(max)) were examined in rats.Physiological experimental technique was used to collect urine and to determine the volume of urine output;isolated artery perfusion technique was used to investigate the direct action of U50488H on abdominal aorta of rats.Results HR,ABP,LVP and ?dp/dt_(max) in rats were decreased with the administration of U50488H;the urine volume increased significantly with the administration of U50488H.U50488H induced a dose-dependent vasodilation in the aortic artery.These effects of U50488H were totally abolished by nor-BNI,a selective ?-opioid receptor antagonist.Conclusion Stimulation of ?-opioid receptor with U50488H depresses the blood pressure mainly by reducing the strength of cardiac muscle,enhancing the urine volume and relaxing the vessel.

Objective To investigate C‐reactive protein in patients with acute brain injury (CRP) ,platelet (PLT) dynamic chan‐ges and clinical significance .Methods A hospital in 2014-2015 120 cases of acute brain injury ,depending on whether surgery di‐vided into :64 cases of surgical group ,56 cases of non‐surgical group .According to Glasgow Outcome Scale (Glasgow Outcome Score ,GOS) divided into 61 cases of poor prognosis group (GOS 1 -3 scores) ,59 patients with good prognosis (GOS 4 -5 scores) .Another choice the same period 50 cases of healthy control group .After the patients were injured 1 d ,3 d ,7 d dynamic tes‐ting CRP ,PLT levels .Results The surgical group and the non‐surgical group patients after injury 1 d serum CRP levels were sig‐nificantly increased ,decreased gradually after all ,the two groups showed a downward trend ,but the surgery group were decreased slowly ,always maintain a high level ,still significantly at 14 d the control group (P<0 .05) .Patients with non‐surgical group de‐creased significantly ,significantly higher than the decline in the extent of the surgery group (P<0 .05) .Surgical and non‐surgical group patients after injury when PLT 1 d showed no increased after 3d began to rise ,increased significantly when 7 d ,PLT levels were elevated degree of surgical group was significantly higher than the non‐surgical group (P<0 .05) .Good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group ,serum CRP on admission were increased ,and reached a peak after 1 d ,after declining in both groups ,with good prognosis group decreased significantly ,while the poor prognosis group ,no significant decline in CRP levels ,continued high levels of state for a long time When postoperative 7d still significantly higher than the normal level (P<0 .05) .At each time point the poor prognosis group ,serum CRP levels were significantly higher than the good prognosis group (P< 0 .05) .When the good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group was mean change 1d PLT little water ,began to increase after the 3 d were poor progno‐sis group of patients was significantly higher than 7 d PLT good prognosis group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Patients with acute brain injury CRP ,PLT dynamic changes are certain rules ,is to determine the acute phase of the disease of brain injury and prognosis of change .

AIM: To establish the determination of dihydromyricetin in stem,leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata in different seasons from different habitat. METHODS : Novapak C_ 18 column (150mm?4.6mm,5?m) was selected as separation column at 25 ?C . Methanol-water-phosphoric acid (27∶73∶0.1) was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min -1 . The peak of dihydromyricetin was detected at UV 290nm. RESULTS : The linearity of this method was good. The average recovery was 99.47%,RSD was 1.68%. The content of dihydromyricetin in leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata collected in May was the highest and was three ～ four times the size of that in stem. CONCLUSIONS :The method is convient with a good separating degree and is useful basis for the develoment and utilization of Ampelopsis grossedentata.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the right Broca's homologue of stroke patients with non-fluent aphasia.Methods One stroke patient with non-fluent aphasia received rTMS at 1 Hz and another received the same treatment at 10 Hz.The western aphasia battery (WAB) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were used to evaluate their language function before and after the intervention.Results After treatment,language function in both patients had improved significantly.The aphasia quotient (AQ) score of patient 1 had improved from 37.2 to 66.6,and the AQ score of patient 2 had improved from 36.2 to 60.8.Before treatment,patient 1's activated brain areas during a vocabulary reading task were the left anterior central gyrus and the left gyrus frontalis medius.After the 1 Hz rTMS treatment the activated brain areas were the left medial surface of the lobus frontalis,the left gyrus frontalis inferior,the left prefrontal area,the left preinsula,the left lobulus parietalis inferior,and the left middle/inferior temporal gyrus.Before the 10 Hz rTMS treatment,patient 2's activated brain areas with the same vocabulary reading task were the bilateral medial surface of the temporal lobe,and the bilateral anterior central gyrus.After treatment the bilateral medial surface gyrus,the frontalis medius and lobus frontalis,the right gyrus frontalis inferior,the left prefrontal area,the bilateral lobulus parietalis superior,and the right superior/middle temporal gyrus were activated.Conclusion rTMS can significantly improve language function in stroke patients with non-fluent aphasia.Patients with smaller lesions in the left hemisphere language area can achieve hemisphere function restructuring.Larger lesions in the left hemisphere language area will probably yield bilateral restructuring in both hemispheres.

Objective To study the feasibility of microsurgical technique to denervate sympathetic of femoral artery in rabbit, providing a reliable animal experimental model for further study of the mechanism of neuralization in bone tissue engineering.Methods From July, 2014 to July, 2015, 21 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly: the control group (n =3), the 4 weeks group (n =6), the 8 weeks group (n =6) and the 12 weeks group (n =6).Bilateral femoral arteries of the 21 rabbits were exposed.Adventitia of femoral arteries in 3 test groups were removed for about 2cm by microsurgical technique, whereas adventitia of the control group remained intact without any treatment.The arteries samples were collected at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment.The structure of vascular were indicated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the distribution and volume of the sympathetic fibers were evidenced by glyoxylic acid staining and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the marked protein of sympathetic.Results The adventitia of 3 test groups were invisible or lost most of it while the control group remained intact shown by HE staining.For glyoxylic acid staining, the fluorescence intensity value of the control group, 4 weeks group, 8 weeks and 12 weeks were 0.08124 ± 0.00260, 0.02920 ± 0.00206, 0.02661 ± 0.00233, 0.03094 ± 0.00211, respectively (n =6).The distribution and fluorescence intensity of sympathetic nerve were both significantly reduced in test groups compared to the control group (P ＜ 0.05).And there was no statistical difference among the 3 test groups (P ＞ 0.05).Semi-quantitative analysis of the expression of TH was 0.8626 ± 0.03519, 0.3631 ± 0.03019, 0.3964 ± 0.02239, 0.3487 ± 0.02356 respectively, which showed the same tendency as glyoxylic acid staining test.Conclusion Microsurgical technique is promising as an ideal method for the local denervation of sympathetic nerve from artery system as it can significantly reduce sympathetic fibers on adventitia without regeneration during the experimental period.