The article summed up academic thinking of LOU Duo-feng professor in treating rheumatism.Professor LOU thought that deficiency,pathogen and stasis were the fundamental pathogenesis of rheumatism,and suggested that we should handle deficiency,pathogen and stagnation as a whole in treating rheumatism.There were four treatment principles should be obey in treating rheumatism:firstly,strengthening the genuine-qi to eliminate the evil-qi,simultaneous treatment of principal and subordinate symptoms;Secondly,application of diffusing and obstruction-removing,choosing different medicine according to different location of disease;Thirdly,treatment in accordance with three types of disease causes,treating combing similarities and differences;Lastly,changes of prescriptions and principals according to different courses of disease.In this article,the author list Tongbitang,the basic prescription of Professor LOU in treating rheumatism,and his clinical experience in treating deficiency heat type of obstinate arthralgia.

AIM: To investigate the anti - tumor effect of Weimaining (WMN) on a murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) and the influence on the cell cycle. METHODS: The inhibitory rate of WMN in 3LL growth was detected by replicating the model of 3LL. The effect of the drug on 3LL cell cycle and the influence of the drug on the expression of cy clin D1 protein were investigated by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The results showed that the inhibitory rate of drug in 3LL is 19. 14%, 33.59%, 40. 63% and 51.56% respectively at dosage ranging from 100,cells in G0 -G1 phase and decreases the expression of cyclin D1 protein. CONCLUSION: WMN inhibits the growth of 3LL cells in vivo by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1, blocking the cells in G0 - G1 phase and preventing the cells transition from G1 to S phase while DNA is replicated.

AIMTo isolate polyphenols from grape seeds and to evaluate their antioxidant effects.

METHODSPure compounds were isolated by using Diaion HP20, Toyopearl HW40 chromatography repeatedly, as well as semi-preparative RP-HPLC, from ethyl acetate extract of grape seeds. IR, MS, NMR, CD, X-Ray crystal diffraction spectral analysis were used to identify the structures. The antioxidant effects of different type of structures were screened by reducing power and DPPH (alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging tests. Then, SCGE (single cell gel-electrophoresis) technique was used to investigate the effects of these potent antioxidant phytochemicals on cellular DNA oxidative damage with mice spleen cells, damage was induced by H2O2.

RESULTSEleven compounds were obtained including 3 novel structures, viniferones A, B and C. Proanthocyanidin B4, catecin, epicatechin and gallic acid showed strong antioxidant power, and at lower concentration (10 micromol x L(-1), 25 micromol x L(-1)), they can prevent cellular DNA damage, while 150 micromol x L(-1) catechin induced damage by itself.

CONCLUSIONViniferones A, B and C were reported for the first time. That polyphenols investigated were shown to be good cellular DNA oxidative damage-preventing phytochemicals at lower concentration, could be used to explain the nutrient effect of grape seed polyphenols at certain degree. At the same time, higher concentration of polyphenols can induce oxidative damage, suggesting that dose is one factor to determine the nutrient effects.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Separation ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Phenols ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Polyphenols ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Spleen ; cytology ; Vitis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic value of the radiologic characteristics of osteoporotic Kummell's disease.

METHODSTotal 16 patients with pathologically confirmed osteoporotic Kummell's diseases were reviewed from May 2010 to May 2012, including 4 males and 12 females with the mean age of 73.4 years (ranged, 67 to 83 years old). Radiologic imagings of all patients, including X-ray, CT and MRI, were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSIntravertebral linear clefts could be seen on the AP and lateral X-ray films of vertebrae. Sagittal and axial CT scans demonstrated the vacuum cleft phenomenon with liquid and air was identified within the vertebral body. Sagittal MRI showed the callapsed vertebral segment and the area of fluid signal with clear and intact border within the vertebral body. The fluid signal was low on T1-weighted images and high on T2-weighted images and stir images, which was corresponding to an intravertebral vacuum cleft.

CONCLUSIONThe radiologic characteristics of Kurmmell's diseases can provide valuable evidences for the early diagnosis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osteonecrosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

AIM: To investigate the anti-metastasis effect of weimaining, extracted from fragopyrum cymosum meissn, a Chinese medicine, on murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). METHODS: The anti-metastasis effect of weimaining in vivo was detected in the grafting lung metastasis model of murine Lewis lung carcinoma. The effects of the drug on the expression of CD34 and E-cadherin were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Weimaining effectively inhibited the lung metastasis of 3LL at a concentration of 250 mg?kg -1?d -1, significantly suppressed the expression of CD34 and increased the expression levels of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in 3LL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Weimaining inhibits the metastasis of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in vivo via increasing the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing microvessel density of tumor tissue.

AIM: To investigate the effects of Chinese medicine, Jinan injection, on ultrastructure and mitochondria in cultured lung cancer cell lines. METHODS: The cultured lung cancer cell lines PG and PAa were used and divided into 4 groups: control (C), cisplatin (DDP), Jinan (JA) and Jinan in combination with cisplatin (DJ), respectively. The changes of morphology and mitochondria membrane potential, intracellular Ca~(2+) and pH in every group were observed by inverted microscope and electronic microscope as well as by using flow cytometry, staining by rhodamine, Fluo-3 and BCECF, respectively. RESULTS: Degeneration cells showed chromatin condensation and peripheral congregation. In cytoplasm autophage lysosome increased and myelinoid body was seen easily. In mitochondria structure, where the space between the inner and outer membranes of these organelles expanded as the matrix was compressed. The electron-dense or swelled was observed as vacuole degeneration and its matrix showed electron-lucent. Compared to control, mitochondria membrane potential increased in every group after 24 h and 48 h treatment. DDP increased intracellular calcium ion in PG cells, however, in PAa cells, JA and DJ decreased it. Intracellular pH got lower at 24 h and higher at 48 h in PG and PAa cells. There were significance in every group vs control in PG and PAa by statistic t-test (P

Objective To understand the prevalence of smoking in different sub-populations in Xuzhou area so as to develop effective tobacco control policies. Methods Through multi-stage randomized cluster sampling,a face-to-face study with standard questionnaire was carried out among residents aged above 15 years,from June to December 2008,with descriptive nature. Results Totally,44 686 people,with 21 524 males and 23 162 females at age 15 and over were investigated,including 34 391 of them from rural areas and 10 295 from the urban population. Data regarding rates on ever smoked and current smoking,regular smoking,heavy smoking,and average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day,types of tobacco products smoked,rates on quitting smoking successfully,relapse,passive smoke exposure etc.,were 22.45%,21.40%,15.49%,9.49%,15.09/d,4.68%,5.91% and 14.12% respectively. There were no significant differences in the rates of overall smoking,current smoking and regular smoking among urban and rural residents (P>0.05). However,rates of successfully quitting smoking and passive smoke exposure in the urban areas were higher than those in the rural areas (P<0.05). Rates regarding relapse,heavy smoking and average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day in the rural areas were higher than those in the urban areas(P<0.05). Rates on smoking,current smoking,regular smoking,heavy smoking,relapse and average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day were higher in males than those in females (P<0.05). Rates of quitting smoking successfully and passive smoke exposure were higher in females than those in males (P< 0.05). The major types of tobacco products smoked by people aged 15 years old and above were cigarettes (85.17%),and Chinese pipes (3.24%). Conclusion Smoking was quite common in people from Xuzhou. Our data suggested that health education should be strengthened and sustainable intervention measures be developed and implemented to control the tobacco use in the area.

Objective To survey prevalence rate, treatment rate and control rate of diabetes mellitus in Xuzhou. Methods With multistage cluster sampling, a total of 23742 residents aged above 15 years were selected and investigated by a standard questionnaire on diabetes mellitus epidemiology. Results The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in Xuzhou was 5.35% and its standardized prevalence rate was 4.04%. It was increasing with the age( P =0. 000). Its prevalence rate in urban was 6.35% higher than that in rural area with 4.58% and its standardized prevalence rate was 4.27% and 3.76% respectively. Its prevalence rate in male and female were 5.04% and 5.62% respectively and its standardized prevalence rate were 3.92% and 4. 14% respectively. There were significant difference between male and female prevalence rate ( P < 0. 05 ).Regarding impaired fasting glucose,prevalence rate was 16.67% and 60 year old or above group was the highest one(21.35%). There were significant difference between urban area and rural area (13.74% vs. 18.91% ,P=0.000) but there were no significant difference between male and female with 17.14% and 16.26%respectively (P>0.05). The rate of awareness, treatment and control were 45.20%, 32.36% and 45.30%respectively. Conclusions The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in Xuzhou was higher than the national average. The percentage rate of people with impaired fasting glucose was higher and the high risk population has youthful trend. In addition, the rate of awareness, treatment and control were above national average. In conclusion, it was in urgent need to carry out and improve community-based comprehensive prevention and control of diabetes mellitus in Xuzhou.

OBJECTIVECigarette smoke extract (CSE) can induce injuries of pulmonary II epithelial cells, activate nuclear factor-kappaB and increase tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha) secretion. This study aimed to investigate whether azithromycin can protect pulmonary II epithelial cells from injuries induced by CSE and relevant mechanisms.

METHODSPulmonary II epithelial cells (A549 cells) were cultured in vitro. After 48 hrs of culture the cells were randomly treated with serum-free DMEM only (blank control group), azithromycin + serum-free DMEM, CSE+ serum-free DMEM or CSE+azithromycin. Eight hours later the morphology of A549 cells, the activity of NF-kappaB and the levels of TNF-alpha were measured by inverted microscope, immunohistochemistry and ELISA.

RESULTSThe morphology and structure of A549 cells were changed, NF-kappaB activity increased (dark brown staining ) and TNF-alpha levels (0.307 +/- 0.036 pg/mL vs 0.234 +/- 0.028 pg/mL)increased in the CSE+ serum-free DMEM group compared with the blank control group (P < 0.01). CSE together with azithromycin treatment recovered partly the morphological injuries of A549 cells. It also attenuated NF-kappaB staining and decreased TNF-alpha levels from 0.307 +/- 0.036 pg/mL (CSE+serum-free DMEM group) to 0.269 +/- 0.009 pg/mL (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAzithromycin may inhibit NF-kappaB activity, decrease TNF-alpha secretion and thus lessen cytotoxicity of CSE to A549 cells.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Azithromycin ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Smoke ; adverse effects ; Tobacco ; adverse effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo develop a quick identification method for the sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix used by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with second derivative infrared spectroscopy.

METHODThe alcoholic and aqueous extracts of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix were analyzed by using FTIR, the further analysis was used by second derivative infrared spectroscopy.

RESULTThere existed differences between their infrared spectra either extracted by ethanol or water, while the distinctions were more obvious after analyzing their alcoholic and aqueous extracts through high resolution of second derivative infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectra showed that the absorption peaks of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were significantly reduced and a new absorption peak appeared after sulfur-fumigated process in alcoholic extracts, while both of them changed markedly in the "fingerprint region" ranging from 1 000 to 400 cm(-1) in aqueous extracts. Second derivative spectra showed that the absorption peaks of sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix extracted by ethanol weakened and disappeared at about 3 578 cm(-1) and 3 541 cm(-1), while both of them differed significantly from each other ranging from 1 400 to 1 200 cm(-1) as well as 800 cm(-1) to 600 cm(-1), difference also existed between them extracted by water ranging from about 3 900 to 3 850 cm(-1) and 3 800 to 3 750 cm(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe FTIS method combined with second derivative can be utilized to distinguish sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix efficiently, conveniently and accurately, and provide a basis for identification and quality control of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.

Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; classification ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Sunlight