The authors analyzed clinical characteristics of 33 patients who were diagnosed as infantile nystagmus from August, 1994 to January, 1995 at St. Pauls Hospital Catholic University Medical College. The 26 patients were men and the seven patients were women. Onset or detected age of nystagmus was 1.68 year old in average(at birth-10 year old) and inheritances were presented in 8 case. Visual acuity were better at near than at far and at head tilting position than at straight position(p<.01). Abnormal head postures were presented in 31 cases. In waveform analysis at primary position, horizontal waveform were 30 cases, vertical waveform were 2 cases, vertical and rotational waveform was 1 cases, and then pendular type were 17 cases, jerk type were 10 cases, and combined type were 6 cases. Patients of 28 cases were orthotropia, 5 cases were accompanied by various type of strabismus, 23 cases were accompanied by fusional capacity, and 3 cases were showed head nodding.
Female ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Posture ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity ; Wills

No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels* ; Endothelium*

We retrospectively reviewed 212 patients with strabismic amblyopia from March 1986 to Apirl 1990, and then analyzed 26 patients with eccentric fixation by the way of visuscope and fixation photograph. Eccentric fixation was divided into three groups. Fixation was parafoveolar (adjacent to the foveolar reflex), parafoveal (outside but close to the foveal wall) or peripherally eccentic (somewhere between the edge of the fovea and the disc and occasionally even beyond the disc). The treatment was the occlusion therapy of sound eye. Among 26 patients, 12 patients were treated with occlusion therapy, but 14 patients were not. The visual acuity was improved at least two lines on visual acuity chart in 6 patients (50%) and the fixation pattern improvement was observed in 8 patients (66.7%). We concluded that the improvement of visual acuity was closely related to the improvement of fixation pattern (p Amblyopia ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: This study compared the sequential findings of ultrasound, MRI and tissue specimen radiograms of experimentally induced fat necrosis in pigs with the histopathology findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fat necrosis was induced in five experimental groups containing three pigs per group (3-day, 2-week, 4-week, 6-week and 8-week groups), which were divided according to the amount of time after inducing fat necrosis until when the tissue specimen was obtained. Ultrasound (US) and MRI (T1 weighted images, T2 weighted images, STIR sequence, T1 fat-suppressed contrast enhanced images) were obtained. X-ray tissue specimen radiograms were obtained after sacrificing the pigs. The changes in the findings of these imaging modalities were compared with the histopathology findings. RESULTS: Ultrasound showed the lipase-induced masses of fat necrosis to be isoechoic (47%) and mixed echoic (42%) masses in 3-day group, mixed (56%, 41%) and hypoechoic (42% and 59%) masses in the 2-week and 4-week groups respectively, and hypoechoic (67% and 56%) masses in the 6-week and 8-week groups. MRI showed the T1 weighted images to have significantly high rate of isosignal intensity in the 3-day, 2, 4 and 6-week groups, but the isosignal intensity lesions decreased gradually while the low signal intensity lesions increased with time. The T2 weighted images showed that the high signal intensity lesions were the main type of lesion in the early stage but the isosignal intensity lesions increased markedly in the late stage. The STIR (short tau inversion recovery) sequence showed that all the masses of fat necrosis were observed to have high signal intensity in the 3-day group, and the high signal intensity lesions decreased while the isosignal intensity lesions increased significantly during the follow-up period between 2 weeks to 8 weeks. All the masses of fat necrosis were enhanced on the fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1 weighted images. Among the total 45 cases X-ray tissue specimen radiograms, fat necrosis was observed as a radiopaque mass in 28 cases (62%). Among these 28 cases, calcifications within the masses were observed in 4 cases from the 8-week group and 1 case from 6-week group. Two cases from 2-week group were observed as spiculated masses. The histopathology findings of fat necrosis were acute inflammatory cell infiltration, edema and hemorrhage in the 3-day group, the proliferation of fibroblasts, connective tissue and capillaries around the fat necrosis in the 2-week group. However, the number of vessels decreased gradually and the fibrosis had progressed further in the 4, 6 and 8-week groups. CONCLUSION: The sequential findings of fat necrosis on US, MRI and tissue specimen radiogram were correlated with the histopathology findings. These results may be helpful for the differentiating fat necrosis from more ominous breast masses.
Breast ; Capillaries ; Connective Tissue ; Edema ; Fat Necrosis* ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Swine* ; Ultrasonography

Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas is a very rare lesion of unknown etiology. It is difficult, on the basis of radiologic images, to differentiate between lymphoepithelial cyst and pancreatic pseudocyst or other cystic neoplasms, particularly if these are mucinous. We describe the sonographic and CT findings in a case of surgically proven lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas.
Mucins ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to determine the adequate concentration and to evaluate the osteogenic potential of simvastatin in human maxillary sinus membrane-derived stem cells (hSMSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human maxillary sinus membrane were treated with various concentrations of simvastatin. The adequate concentration of simvastatin for osteogenic induction was determined using bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2). The efficacy of osteogenic differentiation of simavastatin was verified using osteocalcin mRNA, and the mineralization efficacy of hSMSCs and simvastatin treatment was compared with alkaline phosphatase and von Kossa staining. RESULTS: Expression of BMP-2 mRNA and protein was observed after three days and was dependent on the concentration of simvastatin. Expression of osteocalcin mRNA was observed after three days in the 1.0 microM simvastatin-treated group. Mineralization was observed after three days in the simvastatin-treated group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that simvastatin induces the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human maxillary sinus membrane mucosa.
Adult ; Adult Stem Cells ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Membranes ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mucous Membrane ; Osteocalcin ; RNA, Messenger ; Simvastatin ; Stem Cells

The authors analysed eleven patients with latent nystagmus who were diagnosed by clinical manifestation and electrooculography during six months. Among them, six patients had monocular amblyopia, four had binocular amblyopia and only one had normal visual acuity. All of them had manifest latent nystagmus which had a small amplitude of nystagmus in binocular fixation. Two of them showed typical latent nystagmus, jerky wave form characterized by decreasing velocity in slow phase and directing to fixing eye. Seven patients showed typical latent nystagmus wave form associated with pendular wave form and two patients showed jerky wave form with increasing velocity in slow phase. Therefore nine patients had componant of infantile nystagmus wave form. Ten of them had strabismus. Among them, five patients had hyper tropia. Three of the hypertropic patients showed dissociated vertical deviation. The authors suggest that the latent nystagmus is a kind of infantile nystagmus, and abnormal ocular conditions such as strabismus and amblyopia affects the infantile motor nystagmus.
Amblyopia ; Electrooculography ; Humans ; Strabismus ; Telescopes ; Visual Acuity

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical management and outcomes of patients who underwent surgical intervention for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma of the spine. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer metastasis to the spine are relatively rare and represent later manifestations of the disease. Studies and reports on the outcomes of patients who undergo surgery for spinal metastasis of GI origin are scarce. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent surgery for spinal metastasis of colorectal origin was performed. Four patients were identified. Patient characteristics, outcomes, and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Two patients experienced improvement in pain or myelopathic symptoms. Although the mean survival was 15.3 months, this average included a patient still living at 57.1 months. The mean survival was just 1.3 months for the 3 patients who expired. CONCLUSIONS: In certain cases, symptomatic improvement with prolonged survival is possible after surgery for metastatic spinal lesions of colorectal origin; however, survival is poor in the majority of cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a serious complication following an acute myocardial infarction. We performed repair of a postinfarction posterior VSR; however, the patient developed mitral regurgitation (MR) 2 months later. Geometrical changes caused by ventricular remodeling and recurrent shuntare thought to be the cause of delayed MR.
Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Myocardial Infarction ; Rupture ; Ventricular Remodeling ; Ventricular Septal Rupture

Adequate positioning of the hand is a critical step in hand fracture operative repair that can impact both the clinical outcome and the efficiency of the operation. In this paper, we introduce the use of a thermoplastic splint with an added thumb stabilizing component as a means to increase the surgeon’s autonomy and to streamline the patient care pathway. The thermoplastic splint is custom fabricated preoperatively by the specialist hand therapist. The splint is used prior, during, and post operation with minimal modification. The thumb component assists maintaining the forearm in a stable pronated position whilst drilling and affixing metal work. This is demonstrated in the video of removal of metal work and open reduction and internal fixation of a metacarpal fracture.