1.Research progress on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities,and quality control of Patrinia villosa.
Yu FAN ; Dong-Mei SHA ; Ma-Li-Niu SHA ; Jian-Long LAN ; Lai-Yue-Bu HAI ; Bie-Jun-Zhang QU ; Xin-Jia YAN ; Yuan LIU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(22):6005-6019
Patrinia villosa, regarding its functions in clearing heat and detoxification and eliminating carbuncles and pus, is widely used as a traditional medicinal herb that contains rich nutrition and substances such as various amino acids, vitamins, and soluble su-gar, and it is also an edible wild herb in Chinese folk tradition for 2 000 years. In 1973, Japanese scholars firstly separated three iridoids from Japanese P. villosa, and by 2021, chemical components such as flavonoids, iridoids, organic acids, triterpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and steroids have been found, which have multiple pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-diarrhea, antibacterial, sedative, and liver protection capabilities. Studies indicate that flavonoids, saponins, phenylpropanoids, and triterpenoids in P. villosa are vital substances for its pharmacological activities. However, the quality of this medicinal material cannot be controlled due to the unclear records in ancient books in the past dynasties and different drug use habits in different places, and thus its circulation is chaotic. At present, researchers have used flavonoids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, triterpenoid saponins, and other compounds to conduct studies in this regard. Therefore, on the basis of the existing literature resources, we comprehensively summarize the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and quality control of P. villosa to further provide a reference for the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug use and lay a foundation for the follow-up experimental research.
Patrinia/chemistry*
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Flavonoids/pharmacology*
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Saponins
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Triterpenes/pharmacology*
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Iridoids
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Quality Control
2.Effect of Dichloromethane Extraction Phase of Patrinia Scabiosaefolia Fisch. Stem on Proliferation and Differentiation of K562 Cells.
Le-Yuan MI ; Ke-Jing LI ; Shan LI ; Ting LIU ; Xiao-Jing CHAI ; Ying ZHANG ; Juan LI
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2023;31(1):25-32
OBJECTIVE:
To explore the effect of dichloromethane extraction phase of ethanol extract from stem of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch.(DPSS) on proliferation and differentiation of K562 cells and its related mechanism.
METHODS:
MTT assay was used to detect the effects of DPSS at 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml on the proliferation of K562 cells at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis at 24 and 48 hours. Wright-Giemsa staining was used to observe the morphological changes of K562 cells. The cell surface antigens CD33 and CD11b were detected by flow cytometry.
RESULTS:
The proliferation of K562 cells treated with different concentrations of DPSS was inhibited in a time-dose dependent manner (r=-0.96). Cell cycle analysis showed that with the increase of DPSS concentration, cells in G2/M phase increased (r=0.88), and cells were blocked in G2/M phase. Flow cytometry results showed that with the apoptosis rate of K562 cells was the highest when treated with 200 μg/ml DPSS for 48 h. Morphological observation showed that the K562 cell body increased, the amount of cytoplasm increased, the ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm decreased, and the nuclear chromatin was rough after DPSS treatment. Cell differentiation antigen, CD33 and CD11b, were positively expressed after treated with DPSS.
CONCLUSION
DPSS can induce apoptosis through cell cycle arrest, inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells, and induce K562 cells to differentiate into monocytes, which has a potential anti-leukemia effect.
Humans
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K562 Cells
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Patrinia
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Methylene Chloride/pharmacology*
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Apoptosis
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Cell Proliferation
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Cell Differentiation
3.Studies on chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa.
Jin-Yong PENG ; Guo-Rong FAN ; Yu-Tian WU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2006;31(2):128-130
OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa.
METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, and identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis (MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR).
RESULTSeven compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extract and identified as: 5-hydroxyl-7, 3', 4'-trimethoxy flavone (I), 5-hydroxyl-7, 4'-dimethoxy flavone (II), luteolin (III), quercetin (IV), isoorientin (V), isovitexin (VI) and 8-C glucosylprunetin (VII).
CONCLUSIONCompounds I , II, III, V, VI and VIII were obtained from the plant of genus Patrinia for the first time, compound IV was separated from P. villosa for the first time.
Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Luteolin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Patrinia ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification
4.Triterpenoid saponins from Patrinia scabra.
Feng FENG ; Xi-Yu XU ; Fu-Lei LIU ; Wen-Yuan LIU ; Ning XIE
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) 2014;12(1):43-46
AIM:
To study the chemical constituents and bioactivity of the roots of Patrinia scabra Bunge.
METHODS:
The chemical constituents were isolated using various chromatographic methods, and the structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical methods. In addition, cytotoxic activities toward HepG2 cells were tested by the MTT method.
RESULTS:
A new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-(4'-isovaleryl)-O-β-D-xylose-12,30-dihydroxy-oleanane-28,13-lactone-22-O- β-D-glucoside (1), along with two known triterpenoid saponins, acanthopanax saponin CP3 (2) and foetoside C (3), were isolated.
CONCLUSION
The aglycone of compound 1 was a new skeleton derivative of oleanolic acid. Compound 2 showed strong cytotoxicity to HePG2 cells (IC50 1.49 μmol·L(-1)).
Cell Survival
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drug effects
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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chemistry
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toxicity
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Hep G2 Cells
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Humans
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Molecular Structure
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Patrinia
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chemistry
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Plant Roots
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chemistry
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Saponins
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chemistry
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toxicity
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Triterpenes
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chemistry
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toxicity
5.Isolation and structure identification of chemical constituents from Patrinia villosa.
Jin-yong PENG ; Guo-rong FAN ; Yu-tian WU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2006;41(3):236-240
AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa Juss.
METHODSSolvent extraction, silica gel column and preparative liquid chromatography were used to separate the chemical constituents, and the chemical structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectra data.
RESULTSEight compounds were isolated and identified as bolusanthol B (1), (2S)-5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-di (gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl) flavanone (2), orotinin (3), (2S)-5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxy-6-lavandulylated flavanone (4), 3'-prenyl-apigenine (5), luteolin (6), quercetin (7) and apigenin (8).
CONCLUSIONCompound 2 and 4 are new compounds, compounds 1, 3 and 5 were separated from Patrinia genius for the first time, compounds 6, 7 and 8 were isolated from Patrinia vollosa Juss for the first time.
Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Luteolin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Patrinia ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification
6.Studies on the lignans from Patrinia scabra.
Ting-zhao LI ; Wei-dong ZHANG ; Zheng-bing GU ; Wen-yong LIU ; Jing ZHOU ; Wan-sheng CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2003;38(7):520-522
AIMTo study the lignans from Patrinia scabra Bunge.
METHODSThe constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography with silical gel, RP-silical gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral data (IR, MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HMQC and HMBC).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONA new lignan was obtained and its structure was elucidated as 4-[1-ethoxyl-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy)benzyl]methyl- 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy)benzyl-3-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan (2), along with three known lignans, lariciresinol (1), isolariciresinol (3) and nortracheloside (4).
Furans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Guaiacol ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Patrinia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry
7.Chemical Composition, Anticancer, Anti-neuroinflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Patrinia scabiosaefolia.
Jing LIN ; Qiao-Yan CAI ; Wen XU ; Jiu-Mao LIN ; Jun PENG
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2018;24(3):207-212
OBJECTIVETo study the chemical composition, anticancer, anti-neuroinflflammatory, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Patrinia scabiosaefolia (EO-PS).
METHODSPatrinia scabiosaefolia was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Eight human carcinoma cell lines, including SGC-7901, AGS, HepG2, HT-29, HCT-8, 5-FU/HCT-8, HeLa, and MDA-MB-231, were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Anti-neuroinflflammatory activity was assessed by production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide in BV-2 cells (microglia from mice). The antioxidant activity was evaluated with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay.
RESULTSForty-four components, representing 83.919% of the total oil, were identifified in the EO-PS. The major constituents were caryophyllene oxide (12.802%), caryophyllene (6.909%), α-caryophyllene (2.927%), β-damascenone (3.435%), calarene (5.621%), and phenol (3.044%). The MTT assay showed that the EO-PS exhibited significant dose-dependent growth inhibition in the 50-200 μg/mL dilution range. The EO-PS exhibited a dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH radical, with an half of maximal inhibitory concentration 1.455 mg/mL.
CONCLUSIONSThe EO-PS possesses a wide range of antitumor, anti-neuroinflflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting that it may be a good candidate for further investigations of new bioactive substances.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Cell Death ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators ; metabolism ; Mice ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Patrinia ; chemistry
8.Effects of Patrinia scabra bunge macroporous adsorptive resins extracts on erythrocyte immune function in tumor bearing mice.
Xue-xi WANG ; Jian-xiong ZHAO ; Wei-dong CHENG
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2007;27(8):732-735
OBJECTIVETo study the erythrocyte immuno-regulatory effect of Patrinia scabra Bunge extracts extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins in tumor bearing mice.
METHODSPatrinia scabra Bunge was extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins, and the amount of polysaccharides and saponins in the extract were determined. Mice bearing S180 tumor were treated with the extract and their survival prolongation rate, erythrocyte rosette formation rates of C3b receptor (ERR-CR), immune complex (ERR-IC) and tumor cell (ERR-TC), as well as the CD35 and CD44s were observed.
RESULTSPolysaccharide content was 21.4%, saponin 41.8% in the extract. As compared with the model group, the survival rate was increased, the erythrocyte immune function was improved (showed increase of ERR-CR and ERR-TC, decrease of ERR-IC), and the amount of CD35 and CD44s in red blood cell membrane increased in mice after being treated with the extract (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONExtract of Patrinia scabra Bunge extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins can regulate the erythrocyte immune function to a certain extent.
Adsorption ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Patrinia ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; immunology ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Rosette Formation ; Sarcoma 180 ; drug therapy ; immunology
9.Patrinia scabiosaefolia Inhibits Growth of 5-FU-Resistant Colorectal Carcinoma Cells via Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of AKT Pathway.
Si-Zhou HUANG ; Wang-Yu LIU ; Yue HUANG ; A-Ling SHEN ; Li-Ya LIU ; Jun PENG
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2019;25(2):116-121
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effects of ethanol extract of Patrinia scabiosaefolia (EEPS) on chemo-resistance of colorectal cancer cells (CRC) and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.
METHODS:
5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT-8/5-FU) and its parental cells HCT-8 were treated with EEPS (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1 or 2 mg/mL), or 5-FU (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 or 1600 μmol/L). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the cell viability. Cell density was observed by phase-contrast microscope, cell counting and colony formation assay were used to determine the cell proliferation of HCT-8/5-FU cells treated with 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/mL EEPS. Cell apoptosis was determined by Hoechst staining. Western-blot was performed to detect the phosphorylation of AKT as well as the protein expression level of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax).
RESULTS:
Compared with HCT-8 cells, MTT assay results indicated that HCT-8/5-FU cells were resistant to 5-FU treatment (P<0.05), and sensitive to EEPS treatment (P>0.05). Moreover, compared with untreated HCT-8/5-FU cells, 1 and 2 mg/mL of EEPS treatment significantly reduced cell density, cell number, inhibited cell survival (P<0.05), and induced apoptosis in HCT-8/5-FU cells. Furthermore, 1 and 2 mg/mL of EEPS significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of p-AKT and Bcl-2 protein expression, and increased the expression of Bax protein (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
EEPS is a promising therapeutic agent that may overcome chemo-resistance in cancer cells, likely through suppression of the AKT pathway and promotion of cancer cell apoptosis.
Apoptosis
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drug effects
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation
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drug effects
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Cell Survival
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drug effects
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Colorectal Neoplasms
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drug therapy
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pathology
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Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
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drug effects
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Fluorouracil
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pharmacology
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therapeutic use
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Humans
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Patrinia
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chemistry
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Phosphorylation
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drug effects
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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metabolism
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Signal Transduction
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drug effects
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Tumor Stem Cell Assay
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein
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metabolism