PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of nurses' safety within the context of the hospital environment. METHODS: We used Rodgers' method of evolutionary concept analysis and reviewed the relevant literature and noted and categorized characteristics that appeared frequently. RESULTS: Nurses' safety was defined as safe status and safe activity among nurses. Three key defining attributes were identified as: (a) the minimization of actual or perceived risk, (b) personal duties and rights, and (c) ensuring within a safe working environment. Antecedents of nurses' safety were categorized into three dimensions: (a) individual, including vigilance and knowledge gained through education and training; (b) institutional, including safety provision in the organizations; and (c) national, including legislation. The outcomes of nurses' safety included the following: (a) continued competence in nurses' work; (b) enhancement of the quality of patient care; and (c) reductions in nurses' turnover rates. CONCLUSION: Nurses' safety ensures that qualified nurses are able to continue to perform their duties and provide good patient care. The findings of this study could contribute to future research examining nurses' safety. In addition, appropriate tools must be developed to measure the concept.
Education ; Humans ; Mental Competency ; Methods ; Patient Care

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In recent years, surgical imaging has become important for legal and educational purposes. Significant improvements can be made from the surgeon's point of view in recording surgical procedures, particularly with respect to the action camera with high-definition video recordings. For otolaryngologic surgery, the surgical view is narrow, and there is a limit to proper imaging using the existing lens of the action camera. Therefore, we aimed to find out if we could obtain surgical images through simple modification of action camera. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The action camera was modified to match the surgical field. We selected a suitable lens for otolaryngology surgery using a calculation formula. The action camera was simply modified according to the design. The modified action camera can be mounted on the surgeon's head or the surgical light. We compared the images taken with the modified action camera and the images taken with the existing camcorder. The modified action camera was able to capture a narrow surgical field for otolaryngologic surgery. RESULTS: Unlike the existing method, we were able to obtain high-quality images using a modified action camera at the first person's viewpoint without auxiliary manpower. The action camera was considerably cost effective compared to other methods of recording surgery. CONCLUSION: The modified action camera allows for high-definition, cost-effective, and firstperson viewpoint for otolaryngologic surgery. The modified action camera allows for detailed videography that can enhance surgical teaching, presentation and patient education materials.
Education ; Head ; Methods ; Otolaryngology ; Patient Education as Topic ; Video Recording

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop and test effects of flipped learning on a health education program for allergic rhinitis patients. METHODS: The study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design, with 38 participants (experimental group: 19, control group: 19). The education program for allergic rhinitis patients with flipped learning developed for this study was conducted in pre-class, in-class, and post-class stages for a total of 12 weeks. For the in-class stage, a TREAT model suitable for patient education program was developed. Data were analyzed with an independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant improvement in knowledge (F=15.029, p<.001), self-efficacy (F=6.814, p<.001) and self-care behavior (F=41.761, p<.001). In addition, subjective symptoms (F=61.453, p<.001) and quality of life (F=52.413, p<.001) improved. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that flipped learning in an education program is an effective method for those in their twenties persistent moderate-severe allergic rhinitis. Therefore, the education program for allergic rhinitis developed by this study is actively recommended for nurses or health managers at universities to educate subjects in their twenties with allergic rhinitis.
Education ; Health Education ; Humans ; Learning ; Methods ; Patient Education as Topic ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Self Care

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects simulation-based education combined team-based learning (SBE combined TBL) compared to simulation-based education (SBE) on undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group design with pre-and posttest measures was used. The participants in the study were 181 students. The SBE combined TBL group consisted of 84 senior students in 2013, and the SBE group consisted of 97 seniors in 2014. Collected data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test and ANCOVA with the statistical package SPSS 22.0 for Windows. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in communication skills, nursing performance confidence, team efficacy, and team performance scores in the SBE combined TBL group compared to the SBE group (t=2.45, p=.015; F=4.30, p=.040; t=3.06, p=.003; t=8.77, p<.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in self-directed learning between the groups. CONCLUSION: SBE combined TBL compared to SBE is an effective teaching and learning method to enhance various positive educational outcomes for nursing students. Therefore, we suggest that future studies investigate the development of an integrated course in which team-based learning is applied to theoretical sessions and simulation-based training.
Education* ; Humans ; Learning* ; Methods ; Nursing* ; Patient Simulation ; Students, Nursing*

Communication ; Humans ; Language ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Psychiatry ; education ; methods

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of recorded video monitoring on students' self-reflection after completing their clinical performance examination. Taking into account the particular cases involved in the examination, the present study utilized history-taking, physical examination, and patient education as bases for evaluating information-establishment ability, and asking, listening, understanding, explaining, and connectedness as the bases for evaluating patient-physician interaction ability. Student self-monitoring through recorded video feedback was carried out three days after completion of their clinical performance examination. Students self-evaluated their performance with a 10-point scale before and after self-monitoring. The results of this study show that students have a general tendency to lower their own self-evaluation scores after self-monitoring. Although there was not a statistically significant change of interrelationship in the information-establishment ability evaluation, there was a meaningful change of interrelationship in the patient-physician interaction ability evaluation after self-monitoring; specifically, in the case of acute lower abdominal pain, a high correlation was found (r=0.31, p=0.02) between the evaluation scores of standardized patients and students related to patient-physician interaction ability. This implies that self-monitoring enables the students to acquire a reflective viewpoint from which to evaluate their own performance. Therefore, it can be said that self-monitoring through recorded video feedback is a valuable method for students to use in reviewing their performance in patient-physician interactions.
Abdominal Pain ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Humans ; Methods ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Simulation ; Physical Examination ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Self-Assessment

Despite the substantial amount of asthma-related information available on the internet, little is known about the quality of such information. We assessed asthma-related information on the Korean internet intended as an educational material for asthma patients. By entering the key word, 'asthma', into 4 popular search engines, 32 web sites were identified and categorized with respect to authorship. The core asthma educational concepts and Health On the Net Code of Conduct principles were used to evaluate informational value and justifiability of unreliable information. Eight of 32 web sites were categorized as western physician, seventeen as oriental physician, four as commercial, and three as others. The mean number of core asthma educational concepts on the whole web sites was 2.7 out of 8. By type of authorship, 1.7 on the commercial sites, 2.1 on the oriental physician sites, 3.5 on the western physician sites, and 5.0 on the others sites in decreasing order. One of the western physician sites, two of the commercial sites, and all of the oriental physician and others sites contained unreliable information. However all of them except one site failed to satisfy our criteria of justifiability. Asthma-related information currently available on the Korean internet is highly variable in quality and lacks core asthma educational concepts and justifiability.
Asthma/*diagnosis/*therapy ; Health Education ; Human ; Internet ; Korea ; Medical Informatics ; Patient Education/*methods ; Quality Control

PURPOSE: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which an exploration was done of how nursing students perceive debriefing and what they think are the most effective debriefing methods for simulation-based nursing education. METHODS: A convenience sample of 296 sophomore, junior and senior nursing students from three universities and who had attended simulation classes participated in this study. Survey data garnered was analyzed using descriptive analysis and χ² test. RESULTS: A high majority of the participants (98.3%) saw debriefing as “learning from mistakes”, while 62.8% considered it more important than simulations/scenarios. They also perceived debriefing to be effective when they analyzed their colleagues'and their own performances and received feedback. Sophomore students preferred writing a reflection paper as an effective debriefing method compared to junior and senior students. CONCLUSION: The study findings indicate that debriefing is an important component of simulation-based education and should be considered part of the teaching strategies with debriefing methods dependent on themes and scenarios and what is needed to achieve learning outcomes.
Education* ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Learning ; Methods* ; Nursing* ; Patient Simulation ; Students, Nursing ; Writing

PURPOSE: Competency in physical assessment is an important component of nursing practice. However, some physical assessment skills are not being utilized within the current teacher-centered, content-heavy curriculum. This study was conducted to identify the effects of student-centered, self-directed learning in the physical assessment class. METHODS: An experimental study with a post-test only control group design was used to compare an intervention group that was provided self-directed learning classes and a control group that was provided traditional lecture and practice classes. Competency in physical assessment, academic self-confidence, and learning satisfaction were evaluated. Collected data were analyzed using χ²-test (Fisher's exact test) and independent t-test. RESULTS: Competency in physical assessment was significantly higher in the experimental group. However, academic self-confidence and learning satisfaction were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study indicate that self-directed learning can improve nursing students competency in physical assessment and that self-directed learning is a good education method to improve nursing students' competency in physical assessment during clinical practice and perform quality patient care by making active use of physical assessment skills.
Curriculum ; Education ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Learning* ; Methods ; Nursing* ; Patient Care ; Physical Examination ; Students, Nursing*

BACKGROUND: Presently, a multidisciplinary team of doctors, pharmacists, nurses, and dietitians provides patient education to impart information on chemotherapy. However, studies on multidisciplinary education satisfaction are inadequate. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the improvement of quality of multidisciplinary education counseling for patients with cancer by developing a satisfaction questionnaire and analyzing the satisfaction survey. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed by an expert group, and the responses were recorded using the 5-point Likert scale. After conducting a pre-test, factor analysis was performed to evaluate validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A satisfaction survey was conducted by self-administration method. RESULTS: Based on the results of factor analysis, factors can be divided into two parts: “overall education” and “each team member's education” (total 14 questions). The construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire are sufficiently high. Fifty-one patients took the survey between January 2, 2018 and January 20, 2018. Twenty-six (51%) patients responded that they were “very satisfied” and 22 (43.1%) patients responded that they were “satisfied”. CONCLUSION: By developing a questionnaire on multidisciplinary education counseling for patients with cancer, it is possible to perform evaluation and research of cancer patient education. This study will contribute to the management and improvement of quality of multidisciplinary education.
Counseling ; Drug Therapy ; Education ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Methods ; Nutritionists ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pharmacists ; Reproducibility of Results