No abstract available.
Knee* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis*

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Humans ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a structured preoperative PCA education to that of the usual informal teaching provided by hospital staff in alleviating postoperative pain through more effective use of PCA therapy. METHOD: As an advanced research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy and the attitude about the use of the pain medicine were estimated, and then as a later research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy, the attitude about the use of the pain medicine, and the score of the pain were estimated. RESULT: The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education had statistically significant higher knowledge regarding the use of PCA therapy(p=0.026) and more positive attitudes toward using pain medicine(p=0.004). The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education reported better pain control 4(p= 0.002), 8(p=0.014) and 24 hours(p=0.018) after the operation. CONCLUSION: The structured preoperative PCA education increases the knowledge for the use of patient's PCA therapy and changes their attitude toward the use of the pain medicine positively and consequently enable the use of PCA therapy to be more effective and then finally reduced the patient's pain after the operation.
Education* ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis* ; Patient Education as Topic

BACKGROUND: Variability in pain sensitivity is a well known phenomenon. The variability also extends to experimental stimuli and postoperative opioid requirement. But the report of the relationship between pain threshold and postoperative opioid requirement is very rare. METHODS: We investigated prospectively the association between pressure pain threshold and postoperative morphine requirement. We estimated pressure pain threshold by using pressure algometer and adopted PCA to treat postoperative pain. RESULTS: In this study the relationship between pain threshold and postoperative opioid requirement was significant. But the correlation was weak negative (Pearson r = -0.273, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Considering other associated factors which affect postoperative pain, although correlation between pain threshold and postoperative opioid requirement was significant but we concluded that clinical relevance of pain threshold is uncertain.
Morphine* ; Pain Threshold* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Prospective Studies

The microsurgical anatomy of the basilar artery and posterior cerebral artery(PCA) was reviewed. Segments, major branches, perforating branches, anomalies of the basilar artery and PCA were summarized.
Basilar Artery* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Posterior Cerebral Artery*

BACKGROUND: A unique framework for performance optimization of generation companies (GENCOs) based on health, safety, environment, and ergonomics (HSEE) indicators is presented. METHODS: To rank this sector of industry, the combination of data envelopment analysis (DEA), principal component analysis (PCA), and Taguchi are used for all branches of GENCOs. These methods are applied in an integrated manner to measure the performance of GENCO. The preferred model between DEA, PCA, and Taguchi is selected based on sensitivity analysis and maximum correlation between rankings. To achieve the stated objectives, noise is introduced into input data. RESULTS: The results show that Taguchi outperforms other methods. Moreover, a comprehensive experiment is carried out to identify the most influential factor for ranking GENCOs. CONCLUSION: The approach developed in this study could be used for continuous assessment and improvement of GENCO's performance in supplying energy with respect to HSEE factors. The results of such studies would help managers to have better understanding of weak and strong points in terms of HSEE factors.
Human Engineering* ; Noise ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Principal Component Analysis

OBJECTIVE: Development of telemedicine for an elder has been an important research area in an aging society, and effective Personal Emergency Response System(PERS) can provide exact medical decision and prompt treatment under emergency conditions. Previous studies have been focused on adapting troublesome sensors or passive calling system to monitor the old in their house. However, these previous systems might have limited applications due to its difficulties in usage and restraints in their daily activities, especially in the emergency. METHODS: In this study, the real time algorithms using surveillance camera was developed to monitor their pose change, such as emergency and falling motion. To estimate the motion of elder people, this research use a ratio of eigenvectors of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique. RESULTS: In this system, no additional motion sensors or devices were applied to the object and it can be automatically controlled and monitor the old from a distance. It was found that this system can successfully monitor the old in living room regardless of surveillance camera angles and a silhouette size depending camera distance as using image processing and PCA. CONCLUSION: This algorithm was validated by experiments in a living room and this technique can be applicable to home monitoring and further applications.
Aging ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Principal Component Analysis* ; Telemedicine

Among 51 intractanial AVM patients, 30 patients(58.8%) with AVM supplied mainly with PCA were studied for the relationship with feeding vessels, location and the size of AVM in connection with hemorrhage and also results in 20 surgical patients were analyzed. On cerebral angiogram, 56.7% accounted for AVM supplied only by PCA, 16.7% together with MCA and 26.6% with MCA and ACA. By location, 36.7% were for subcortical AVM and 63.3% were for deeply located paraventricular. 53.3% were large AVM and of them, 6.5% bleeded 30.0% accounted for small AVM, of which 88.9% bleeded. The total bleeding rate was high at 73.3%. Complete removal by surgery was available for 90.0%, and post operative improvement was at 75.0% with a mortality rate of 10.0%. 50.0% showed disappearance of seizure following total removal and 33.3% improved. 5.0%, however, had seizure for the first time following the surgery.
Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mortality ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis* ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Seizures

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of surgically induced corneal astigmatism (SICA) and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) estimation on the anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA)-based toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculation. METHODS: Data from preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism, postoperative visual acuities, and refractive outcomes were collected. The incision was superior in with the rule anterior corneal astigmatism (WTRA) eyes and temporal in against the rule anterior corneal astigmatism eyes. The following five methods of calculating the toric IOL were compared: (1) ACA only and estimated SICA; (2) ACA with a fixed posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) and estimated SICA; (3) ACA with a fixed PCA value and actual SICA; (4) and (5) TCA derived from the regression equations of ACA and actual SICA. The residual astigmatism was simulated. The Alpins method was used to analyze the astigmatism. RESULTS: Sixty eyes from 46 patients were enrolled. Thirty eyes had WTRA and the other thirty had against the rule anterior corneal astigmatism. The vector and arithmetic means of the difference vector decreased when the information regarding the actual SICA and PCA was added to the calculation (from 0.59 diopters [D] @ 87.5° to 0.15 D @ 48.5°, and from 0.95 ± 0.53 to 0.71 ± 0.63 D, respectively; p < 0.001). The mean difference vector across the whole sample was lowest using model 5. The correction index was significantly closest to 1.0 in the WTRA group. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers may improve the accuracy of post-implantation predictions by calculating toric IOL using exact SICA and TCA, with consideration of the PCA derived from the regression equation of ACA.
Astigmatism* ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Methods ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Visual Acuity

The high-pace rise in advanced computing and imaging systems has given rise to a new research dimension called computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for various biomedical purposes. CAD-based diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be of paramount significance to enable early disease detection and diagnosis decision. Considering the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) to solve highly intricate classification problems, in this paper, AlexNet DNN, which functions on the basis of convolutional neural network (CNN), has been applied to enable an optimal DR CAD solution. The DR model applies a multilevel optimization measure that incorporates pre-processing, adaptive-learning-based Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based concept region segmentation, connected component-analysis-based region of interest (ROI) localization, AlexNet DNN-based highly dimensional feature extraction, principle component analysis (PCA)- and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)-based feature selection, and support-vector-machine-based classification to ensure optimal five-class DR classification. The simulation results with standard KAGGLE fundus datasets reveal that the proposed AlexNet DNN-based DR exhibits a better performance with LDA feature selection, where it exhibits a DR classification accuracy of 97.93% with FC7 features, whereas with PCA, it shows 95.26% accuracy. Comparative analysis with spatial invariant feature transform (SIFT) technique (accuracy—94.40%) based DR feature extraction also confirms that AlexNet DNN-based DR outperforms SIFT-based DR.
Classification ; Dataset ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Diagnosis ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis