In children and young adults, secondary epiretinal membranes after ocular trauma, pars planitis, ocular toxocariasis, and Coat's disease are common and spontaneous separation occurs in a relatively higher rate with improvement in visual acuity than elderly patients. In a 31-year-old man with pars planitis, diffuse epiretinal membrane in the macula became thinner during systemic and topical steroid therapy. Two years after treatment, the preretinal membrane spontaneously separated from the macula to the inferior temporal arcade, and visual acuity improved from 0.15 to 1.0. The authors reviewed the available literatures regarding the possible mechanisms for the spontaneous separation ofepiretinal membrane.
Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Epiretinal Membrane* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Pars Planitis ; Toxocariasis ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult*

This disease entity, first described under the desgnation of cyclitis by Ernst Fuchs, has received renewed attention in the recenet years, having been described as peripheral uveitis, pars planitis, and cyclitis with peripheral chorioretinitis. Apparently new ophthalmoscopic findings have caused some obserbers to believe they are dealing with a new entity, because indirect ophthalmoscopy with scleral depression shows exudation in the pars plana region in severe or advanced cases. In this entity, The following characteristic findings are noted, occurring bilaterally, inflammatory cells in anterior vitreous, slight flare and cells in the anterior chamber in come instances, dilated veins, and snowball deposition of inflammatory cells over the pare plana and ora serrata, seen with scleral depression and indirect ophthalmoscope extending over the lower 180 degrees. Cystoid macular degeneration are demonstrated with fluorescein angiography in over half the caces; papilledema may occur in late cases; and peripheral retinal perivascular sheathing is noted in long standing cases.
Anterior Chamber ; Chorioretinitis ; Depression ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Macular Degeneration ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Papilledema ; Pars Planitis* ; Retinaldehyde ; Uveitis ; Veins

We performed pars plana vitrectomy on 19 patients with pars planitis with its complications like vitreous opacity and retinal detachment.There were 16 males and 3 females with a mean age of 42.8 years.The follow-up ranged from 6 to 122 months with a mean of 25 months.Following surgery, final visual acuity was improved or unchanged in the 78.9 percent of patients.Eight cases (42.1%)showed improved vision, seven patients (36.8%) showed no change and four cases (21.1%)worse vision.Retinal detachment was successfully repaired in 17 patients and two eyes failed anatomically due to the proliferative vitreoretinopathy.The main factor favoring functional success was the short duration from the onset to the time of vitrectomy.It might be concluded that vitrectomy should be performed in the vision threatening stages on the patients with complicated pars planitis.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Pars Planitis* ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Pars planitis is characterized by an inferior vitreous opacification with vitreous exudation and organization. Although it has been called a benign process. it may lead to recurrent exacerba tions and remissions with many ocular complications. The response to corticosteroid treatment is seemingly good. However, many ocular complications such as posterior subcapsular cataract. vitreous opacity and cystoid macular edema were developed. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of cryopexy on severe cases not responding to corticosteroid therapy. We reviewed a consecutive series of 9 eyes in the nine patients with pars planitis that had been treated with cryopexy and followed for a meridian of 23 months. In majority of cases, the inflammatory cells were not visible in anterior chamber and no increase of inflammatory cells in the anterior viterous after 2 months except 2 cases who were recurred on the other sides of the same eye. The improvement of visual acuity was rather good without significant side effects.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Cryotherapy* ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Pars Planitis* ; Visual Acuity

The chronic cyclitis was first described under the designation of cyclitis by Ernst Fuchs in 1892, having been described as peripheral uveitis and pars planitis. The etiopathogenic nature of chronic cyclitis has been in controversy but the role of allergy is suggested in this disease entity, The inflammatory process starts at ciliary body and peripheral chorioretina, extends to anterior chamber and vitreous. It is incidious, bilateral and recurrent, affects young individuals. This condition begins with minimal symptoms of hazy vision and vitreous opacity, may result in serious visual disturbances due to various complications including cataract, macular degeneration, retinal detachment, glaucoma and phthisis bulbi. A 50 year old man was found to have chronic cyclitis in his left eye that was treated with antituberculous agents and sub-Tenon's injection of corticosteroid agent.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Ciliary Body ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Macular Degeneration ; Middle Aged ; Pars Planitis ; Retinal Detachment ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Intermediate*

We have applied the intraoperative use of Perfluorophenanthrene (C14F24) liquid in 19 eyes of complicated retinal detachment surgery in 19 patients since November 1990 to October 1991. The vast majority of case of retinal detachment was trauma (9 eyes) and uveitis including pars planitis (6 eyes) remainders were juvenile retinoschisis, cataract surgery, myopIa, diabetes one eye each. The grade-D of proliferative change was found in 9 eyes (D1 3 eyes, D2 3 eyes, D3 3 eyes) and 8 eyes belong to over grade-C2 (C2 4 eyes, C3 4 eyes). Multiple anterior retinal tears were found in two. Giant retinal tear was noticed in 5 eyes and the other one was made on therapeutic purpose. Intraoperative reattachment was obtained in all eyes. The follow-up periods were 6 or more (mean 9.1) months. At last follow-up, the retina was attached in 12 eyes (63%), partially attached in 2 (10%) and redetached in 5 (26%). Visual acuity was improved or same in 12 eyes (63%), became worse in 7(37%). Visual acuity of 0.02 or better was obtained in 12(63%) eyes and 3(16%) saw 0.1 or better. Perfluorophenanthrene liquid was thought as non-toxic, heavy biomaterial and effective to treat the complicated retinal detachments.
Cataract ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myopia ; Pars Planitis ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retinoschisis ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Uveitis is a comprehensive term that indicates the inflammation of not only the uvea but also its adjacent tissues, and its etiology, clinical feature and prognosis are various. Uveitis can be classified in a variety of ways and this fact makes it difficult to compare each result. So we classified uveitis by the location with the method of Henderly, D.E.(1986): ant-, post-, intermediate- and panuveitis. We determined the frequency of occurrence, etiology and clinical characteristics of various forms of uveitis in Korea. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 683 patIents with uveitis seen at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1978 to December 1987 and the results were as follows. 1. 192 cases(29.1%) occurred as anterior uveitis, 218 cases(31.9%) as posterior uveitis, 166 cases(24.3%) as panuveitis and 107 cases(15.7%) as pars planitis: Posterior uveitis was the most common form of uveitis. 2. In cases of anterior uveitis, 142 cases(70.4%) were idiopathic, traumatic uveitis was seen in 18 cases(9.4%). In posterior uveatis, III cases(50.9%) were idiopathic, retinal vasculitis including Eales' disease in 60 cases(27.5%) and toxo-plasmosis in 23 cases(10.6%). In cases of panuveitis, idiopathic form occurred in 80 cases(48.2%), Behcet's disease in 41 cases(24.7%): Idiopathic form was the most common entity in all locations of uveitis.
Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Korea* ; Panuveitis ; Pars Planitis ; Prognosis ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Uvea ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Posterior

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of silicone oil (SO) removal through sutureless corneal incisions in aphakia. METHODS: We analyzed the records of the patients who underwent SO removal using clear corneal incisions in aphakia. RESULTS: Of 43 patients, there were 43 eyes, and 26 were male. The mean age was 41.5 years and followup period was 19.1 months. Indications for SO injection were ocular trauma in 15 eyes, macular hole retinal detachment in 3 eyes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 2 eyes, giant retinal tear in 2 eyes, pars planitis in 1 eye and other complex retinal detachment including proliferative vitreoretinopathy in 20 eyes. The viscosity of SO were 1,300 centistroke (cs) in 6 eyes and 5,700 cs in 37 eyes. Postoperative complications included emulsified silicone droplets in 2 eyes (4.7%), temporary increase of intraocular pressure in 5 eyes (11.6%) and recurrent retinal detachment in 2 eyes (4.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Sutureless corneal incisions in aphakia might be brief, effective and safe method to remove SO.
Aphakia* ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Pars Planitis ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Silicone Oils* ; Viscosity ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy in pars planitis and posterior uveitis. We performed pars plana vitrectomies in consecutive series of 31 eyes with pars planitis and posterior uveitis that were complicated with vitreous opacities, epiretinal membrane formation, tractional retinal detachment and posterior subcapsular cataract. Postoperatively improvement of visual acuity, 2 lines or more in Snellen chart, was noted in 19 eyes(61.2%) with a mean follow-up of 21 months. The inflammatory cells were not visible in anterior chamber or anterior vitreous after 1 month thereafter. In three patients, however, the postoperative visual acuities were worSe due to preoperatively combined cystoid macular edema, macular pucker and tractional retinal detachment. We believe early pars plana vitrectomy before the formation of epiretinal membrane is an important factor in minimizing and postoperative complications.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Epiretinal Membrane ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Pars Planitis* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Traction ; Uveitis, Posterior* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy*

PURPOSE: Giant retinal cyst is formed by a localized and circumscribed splitting of the retina into two layers. It may often be confused with retinal detachment. We describe three cases of giant retinal cysts associated with retinal detachment associated with uveitis, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: A retrospective, observational case series. RESULTS: Two cases of giant retinal cyst were associated with uveitis: one detected during pars plana vitrectomy for total retinal detachment associated with chronic uveitis, and the other detected after scleral buckling procedure for retinal detachment associated with pars planitis. These cysts completely disappeared following drainage of fluid and laser photocoagulation to the flattened cyst. A case of retinal cyst secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy and vitreous hemorrhage was observed to be free of complication and progression without any surgical intervention for 9 months. CONCLUSIONS: Giant retinal cyst may result from intraretinal degenerative change caused by retinal capillary ischemia, vitreous traction and intraretinal leakage from the neovascularization. The cyst is considered to be stable without treatment in some cases, and in others it may be resolved with pars plana vitrectomy, fluid drainage and laser photocoagulation.
Capillaries ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Drainage ; Ischemia ; Light Coagulation ; Pars Planitis ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Scleral Buckling ; Traction ; Uveitis ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage