A method for determining the normal position of the angiographic sylvian point in the lateral angiographic projection has been devised by author. The position of the angiographic sylvian point has been determined by the angle between two lines from the anterior clinoid process to internal occipital protuberance and to angiographic sylvian point, and the quotient of the measured distance from the anterior clinoid process to angiographic sylvian point to that from the anterior clinoid process to inner table of parietal bone. The 95% confidence limits for mean vlaue of the angle are 50.09+/-.90 and of the quotient 0.47+/-.008. The angiographic sylvian point seems to become lower with advancing age, but remains stationary after growth is completed. The quotient value calculated is independent of skull dimensions. It is assumed that the author's method for estimating the position of the angiographic sylvian point is relatively accurate since the position is determined by the dual components of angle and quotient.
Parietal Bone ; Skull

This study was designed to investigate the optimal period of pedicles implantation in the prefabricated periosteofascial flap using a vascular tissue transfer. Flap prefabrication was prepared with a transposition of the central pedicles of right auricle on the calvarium of the New Zealand white rabbit. Thirty flaps were divided into five groups of six flaps, including control group (group I) of the conventional periosteofascial flap based on the right lateral border of parietal bone. The prefabricated flap was elevated as a 2x2cm sized island flap and reposed in place in 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after the pedicles transfer in groups II, III, IV, and V, respectively. Five days after flap repositioning, the flap viability and vascularity were evaluated with microangiography and histological study quantitatively. The flap survival was increased in accordance with the implanted period of the pedicle. New vessels developed around the implanted pedicle in the 2nd week, and overall vascularization of the flap was accomplished in the 3rd week. The flap with 4 weeks of implantation period, however, showed the same survival rate as the control group. In conclusion, prefabricated periosteo- fascial flap can be created with a vascular tissue transfer, and the optimal duration of the pedicle implantation is more than 4 weeks to obtain adequate flap survival.
New Zealand ; Parietal Bone ; Skull ; Survival Rate

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma is rare malignant tumor causing aggressive bone destruction, though the skull is very rarely involved. We report a case in which the condition affected the skull of a 17-year-old male, involving the parietal bone and with intracranial and extracranial extension. CT and MR images depict an osteolytic lesion of the right parietal bone and an enhancing solid mass in the intracranial and extracranial portions. Matrix calcifications, periosteral reaction, and multiple fluid-fluid levels are seen within the masses.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Osteosarcoma* ; Parietal Bone ; Skull*

bone thickness at various points of the bone and to serve as a clinical guide for choosing a bone graft. Twelve bones were obtained from 6 Korean adult skulls for this study. The mean bone thickness at each point of the 17 points of the bone and at the corresponding points of the opposite bone was obtained in all skulls studied. The thinnest part of the parietal bone was 5.92mm. The thickest part of the parietal bone was 7.58mm. The mean bone thickness at each point of measurements on two opposite bones was compared using the paired Student's t-test. The mean thickness did not differ significantly. The thickness in the same bone varied widely depending on the points of measurement.]]>
Adult ; Humans ; Parietal Bone ; Skull ; Transplants

Pure-phase beta-tricalcium phosphate(beta-TCP) proved to be a bone regeneration material, providing the patient with vital bone at the defect site in a reasonable time, making a second surgical procedure for bone harvesting unnecessary. This study compares bone healing and BMP 2/4 expression in cranial defects in rabbits grafted with autogenous bone and beta-TCP. Thirty New Zealand White rabbits was divided into 3 group of 10 animals each. Bilateral calvarial defects were made in the parietal bones of each animal. beta-TCP placed in one defect and the other defects was filled with autogenous bone. The animal were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to investigate the expression of BMP 2/4. 1. The new bone formation around autogenous bone from 4 weeks and beta-TCP from 8 weeks. 2. In autogenous bone graft, BMP 2/4 expression was decreased from 4 to 12 weeks. 3. In beta-TCP graft, BMP 4 expression was increased from 8 to 12 weeks. But, BMP 2 was observed from 12 weeks. This study showed that bone healing, regeneration and, BMP 2/4 expression are delayed in grafted beta-TCP than autogenous bone.
Animals ; Bone Regeneration* ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Parietal Bone ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Transplants

Gerstmann syndrome that was caused by a traumatic origin was very rare. We have reported a case of typical Gerstmann syndrome which was caused by a localized head injury. The case showed finger agnosia, right-left disorientation, acalculia and dysgraphia. And also the case revealed amnesic dysphasia and autotopagnosia. The lesion was an egg-shell typed depressed fracture(4 cm in diameter) of the left inferior parietal bone associated with the intracerebral hematoma in the lower parietal lobe which seemed to be the transitional area of the angular gyrus and the second occipital convolution.
Agnosia ; Agraphia ; Aphasia ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dyscalculia ; Gerstmann Syndrome* ; Hematoma ; Parietal Bone ; Parietal Lobe

An orbital floor fracture is caused by a sudden increase in the intraorbital pressure, resulting from the application of a traumatic force to the soft tissues of the orbit. The fracture is complicated by diplopia or enophthalmos. Orbital floor fractures are caused by the automobile accident, human fist or the ball. Our hospital performed reconstruction of an orbital floor fracture by grafting parietal bone on the fractured orbital floor area of the patient who visited our hospital 4 months after the hit on his left eye by a fist. We now report this case with the review of various aspects of an orbital floor fracture.
Automobiles ; Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Parietal Bone* ; Rabeprazole* ; Transplants*

Benign osteoblastoma is an uncommon primary bone tumor, extremely rare in calvarium. We present a case of a 25-year-old female with an osteoblastoma of parietal bone which was totally resected. The authors discussed the clinical presentation, radiographic finding, differential diagnosis and management of the benign calvarial osteoblastoma with a review of the literature.
Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoblastoma ; Parietal Bone ; Skull

bone (Bio-Oss(R), Switzerland) grafted to the defect of rat calvaria artificially created and the effect of use of absorbable membrane (BioMesh(R), Korea) on new bone formation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transosseous circular calvarial defects with diameters of 5 mm were prepared in the both parietal bone of 30 rats. In the control group I, no specific treatment was done on the defects. In the control group II, the defects were covered with absorbable membrane. In the experimental group I, deproteinized bovine bone was grafted without absorbable membrane; in the experimental group II, deproteinized bovine bone was grafted with absorbable membrane; in the experimental group III, beta-tricalcium phosphate was grafted without absorbable membrane; in the experimental group IV, beta-tricalcium phosphate was grafted with absorbable membrane. The animals were sacrificed after 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively, and histologic and histomorphometric evaluations were performed.RESULTS: Compare to the control groups, the experimental groups showed more newly formed bone. Between the experimental groups, beta-tricalcium phosphate showed more resorption than deproteinized bovine bone. Stabilization of grafted material and interception of the soft tissue invasion was observed in the specimen treated with membrane. There was no statistical difference between the experimental group I, III and experimental group II, IV classified by graft material, but statistically significant increase in the amount of newly formed bone was observed in the experimental group I, II and II, IV classified by the use of membrane (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Both beta-tricalcium phosphate and deproteinized bovine bone showed similar osteoconductibility, but beta-tricalcium phosphate is thought to be closer to ideal synthetic graft material because it showed higher resorption rate in vivo. Increased new bone formation can be expected in bone graft with use of membrane.]]>
Animals ; Calcium Phosphates ; Membranes ; Osteogenesis ; Parietal Bone ; Rats ; Skull ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to illustrate MR patterns of bone marrow of calvarium and vertebral body in normal subjects according the age distribution and to understand the course of the fatty replacement from red marrow. METHODS AND MATERIAL: We retrospectively evaluated MR examinations of the calvaria(n=71), cervical spine(n=71), thoracic spine(n=65), Imbar spine(n =68) in subjects without bone marrow abnormality whose age ranged 3 weeks to 74 years. Three distinctive patterns were categorized on Tl-weighted images of the skull. In pattern 1, uniformly low signal intensity with or without very small areas of high intensity in frontal and occipital bones is noted. In pattern 2, frontal and occipital bones have uniformly high signal intensity, and patchy area of high intensity appears in parietal bone. In pattern 3, the entire skull has uniformly high signal intensity. In the spine, four patterns were categorized on Tl-weighted MR images. In pattern 1, the vertebral body has uniformly low signal intensity except for linear areas of high intensity superior and inferior to basivertebral vein. In pattern 2, bandlike and triangular areas of high signal intensity are found in the periphery. Pattern 3 and 4 have diffusely distributed areas of high signal intensity; pattern 3 consist of numerous indistinct dots measuring a few millimeter or less, and pattern 4 consist of fairly well marginated areas ranging in size from 5 to 1.5cm. RESULT:In the calvaria, 73% of pattern 1 were younger than 20 years, pattern 2 were evenly distributed, and 86% of pattern 3 were older than 40 years. In the spine, 87% of pattern 1 were younger than 40 years, 72% of pattern 3 were in 40 to 50 years, and 87% of pattern 4 were older than 50 years. Pattern 2 were evenly distributed in the cervical and thoracic spine, but in the thoracic spine 62% were younger than 30 years. CONCLUSION:It is concluded that younger age group shows mainly pattern 1, whereas elderly group has pattern 3 or 4 in the calvarial and vertebral body marrow. This suggests that conversion to fatty marrow begin locally and progress diffusely with age.
Age Distribution* ; Aged ; Bone Marrow* ; Humans ; Occipital Bone ; Parietal Bone ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull* ; Spine ; Veins