1.Conditional reprogramming: next generation cell culture.
Xiaoxiao WU ; Shengpeng WANG ; Mingxing LI ; Jing LI ; Jing SHEN ; Yueshui ZHAO ; Jun PANG ; Qinglian WEN ; Meijuan CHEN ; Bin WEI ; Parham Jabbarzadeh KABOLI ; Fukuan DU ; Qijie ZHAO ; Chi Hin CHO ; Yitao WANG ; Zhangang XIAO ; Xu WU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020;10(8):1360-1381
Long-term primary culture of mammalian cells has been always difficult due to unavoidable senescence. Conventional methods for generating immortalized cell lines usually require manipulation of genome which leads to change of important biological and genetic characteristics. Recently, conditional reprogramming (CR) emerges as a novel next generation tool for long-term culture of primary epithelium cells derived from almost all origins without alteration of genetic background of primary cells. CR co-cultures primary cells with inactivated mouse 3T3-J2 fibroblasts in the presence of RHO-related protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632, enabling primary cells to acquire stem-like characteristics while retain their ability to fully differentiate. With only a few years' development, CR shows broad prospects in applications in varied areas including disease modeling, regenerative medicine, drug evaluation, drug discovery as well as precision medicine. This review is thus to comprehensively summarize and assess current progress in understanding mechanism of CR and its wide applications, highlighting the value of CR in both basic and translational researches and discussing the challenges faced with CR.
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