1.A Study of Adolescent Problem Behaviors and Parenting Behaviors.
Seok Han SOHN ; Kyung Sun NOH ; Myo Yeon HUH ; Hyun Oak JUNG ; Soh Hee LEE ; Sejoo KIM
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2001;40(4):605-615
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the problem behaviors of adolescents and to discriminate between parenting behaviors of problem behavior groups and those of non-problem behavior group. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 792 high school students in Seoul. We administered 'Parenting Behavior Inventory' and Korean version of Youth Self-Report(K-YSR) to the subjects in order to evaluate the parenting behaviors perceived by adolescents and the problem behaviors of adolescents. We analyzed the relationship between parenting behaviors and problem behaviors. We classified the subjects into problem behavior groups(internalizing group, externalizing group, internalizing-externalizing group) and a non-problem behavior(normal) group. We studied the differences of parenting behaviors among the groups. RESULTS: The results are as follows. 1) There were significant negative correlations between the positive parenting behaviors such as affection, reasoning, and monitoring and the problem behaviors of adolescents. By contrast, there were significant positive correlations between the negative parenting behaviors such as physical abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency and the problem behaviors of adolescents. 2) Adolescents of the internalizing group perceived significantly more parental abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency than those of normal group. Meanwhile, they perceived significantly less affection than normal adolescents. Adolescents of the externalizing group also perceived significantly more parental abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency than those of normal group. Also, they perceived significantly less monitoring than normal adolescents. 3) Adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly more intrusiveness from both parents than those of either the internalizing or the externalizing groups. Adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly less affection and more neglect from their mothers than those of the internalizing or the externalizing groups. In addition, adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly more physical abuse from their fathers than those of the internalizing or the externalizing groups. CONCLUSION: Parenting behaviors such as abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency are associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems. In contrast, our results suggest that parenting behaviors such as affection, monitoring, and reasoning might decrease the various problem behaviors of adolescents.
Adolescent*
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Fathers
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Humans
;
Mothers
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Parenting*
;
Parents*
;
Seoul
2.The Differences in Obesity Rates According to Status of Co-Residence with Their Parents in Korean Adolescents: The Implication of the Gender of Single Parent Living with Adolescents
Nahee KIM ; Young Gyu CHO ; Jae Heon KANG ; Hyun Ah PARK ; Kyoungwoo KIM ; Yang Im HUR ; Duho KWON
Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2018;18(4):177-183
BACKGROUND: Many studies have reported that adolescents living with single parent have a high risk of obesity. However, those studies did not explore the implication of the gender of single parent living with adolescents. This study investigated the differences in obesity rates according to status of co-residence with their parents in Korean adolescents. The family living with single parent was classified into the family living with single father and the family living with single mother. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 59,602 adolescents who participated in the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The data on height, weight, status of co-residence with parents, and the other variables were obtained through online questionnaires. RESULTS: In male adolescents, the family living with single mother was related to a high proportion of obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.40) and overweight (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.34). However, in female adolescents, the family living with single father was related to a high proportion of obesity (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.23–1.82). In addition, female adolescents living with neither parent were more likely to be obese (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13–1.91) and overweight (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.00–1.70). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a risk of obesity in adolescents living with single parent differs according to the gender of single parent living with adolescents. Not adolescents living with a same-gender parent, but those living with an opposite-gender parent have a high risk of obesity.
Adolescent
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Fathers
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Humans
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Korea
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Mothers
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Obesity
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Overweight
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Parents
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Risk-Taking
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Single Parent
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Single-Parent Family
3.A Case of Cis-AB without B Antigen Expression.
Sung Ha KANG ; Young Kyung LEE ; Min Jung PARK ; Dong Hun SHIN ; Hyun Chan CHO ; Kyu Man LEE ; Kyou Sup HAN
Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion 2001;12(2):245-251
The cis-AB bood type is a rare phenomenon in which both the A and B blood types are inherited from a single parent. The cis-AB persons are not homogeneous with respect to reactivity of their red cells to anti-A and anti-B reagents, and are split into three groups with on the basis of the strength and characteristics of the serologic reactions; these reactivities are A2B3, A1B3 and A2B. A 7-year-old Korean boy was evaluated for paternity because he was presumptively identified as blood group AweakB and known blood types of his father and mother were A. In the repeated ABO blood typing, the child was typed as group A2B3 with weak anti-B, cis-AB being suspected. Both of his mother and father were typed as group A1 in cell and serum typing. In the saliva test and adsorption and elution studies of the parents, B substance was not detected. According to ABO genotyping, the child, mother and father showed cis-AB/O, A1/O and cis-AB/A1, respectively. The paternity was confirmed, but the father had unusual expression of cis-AB genotype. This was the second case of A1/cis-AB with phenotype A1, not expressing B antigen.
Adsorption
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Blood Grouping and Crossmatching
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Child
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Fathers
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Genotype
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Humans
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Indicators and Reagents
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Male
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Mothers
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Parents
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Paternity
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Phenotype
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Saliva
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Single Parent
4.Differences in Life Transition Process of Parents Caring for Children with Autism: Based on the Socio-Demographic Characteristics.
Child Health Nursing Research 2015;21(4):331-338
PURPOSE: This study was done to identify differences in the life transition process of parents caring for children with autism according to parents' socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS: Participants were 194 parents caring for children with autism. Data were collected from December 2013 to February 2014 through self-report questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 20.0. RESULTS: Mean scores for despairing or accepting phases were higher than those for denying or wandering phases in the life transition process. According to parents' gender, educational level, and job, there were some significant differences in the denying and wandering phases. Differences in denying phase by education (p=.033), job (p=.004) were significant. Respondents with higher educational level, and having a job showed a lower level of denying than other respondents. Wandering phase differed significantly by gender (p=.009) and job (p=.001). Mothers and those who did not have a job showed a higher level of wandering than fathers and those who had a job. However, there was no difference in the despairing or accepting phases. CONCLUSION: The life transition phase of parents with autistic children needs to be assessed to provide differentiated and intensive support program and help them move to the accepting phase.
Autistic Disorder*
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Child*
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Surveys and Questionnaires
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Education
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Fathers
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Humans
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Mothers
;
Parents*
5.A Study of Parental Knowledge and Confidence in Newborn Care.
Hwa Ja LEE ; Seung Ah LEE ; Myung Hee KIM ; Young Hae KIM ; Nam Hee PARK
Korean Journal of Child Health Nursing 2004;10(3):262-271
PURPOSE: To explore the level of and relationship between parental knowledge and confidence in newborn care. METHOD: The sample of this study was consisted of 113 newborn's parents. Data was collected by researcher from Oct. 28th to Dec. 18th, 2002. Data were analyzed SPSS WIN(10.0) Program. RESULTS: Total score of parents knowledge: Father's mean was 13.59(SD=5.32) and Mother's mean was 17.55(SD=3.72). There was meaningful difference in knowledge about newborn care between father and mother. The mother's knowledge was significant higher than the father's(t=6.45, p=.000). Total score of parents of newborn confidence: Father's mean was 40.66(SD=7.34) and Mother's mean was 41.88(SD=7.23). There was no difference in confidence in newborn care between father and mother(t=1.26, p=.209). There was significant correlation between knowledge and confidence about newborn care of fathers(r=.331, p<.001) and mothers(r=.317, p<.01). CONCLUSION: There is a need to educate fathers to enhance their knowledge about newborn care. More research is needed to study the relationship between parental knowledge and accuracy of behavior regarding newborn care.
Fathers
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Humans
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Infant, Newborn*
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Mothers
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Parents*
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Child Health
6.Impact of Perceived Parenting Styles on Depression and Smartphone Addition in College Students.
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2015;24(2):127-135
PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to examine differences in depression and smartphone addiction among four styles of perceived parenting, and determine whether the perceptions of paternal and maternal parenting are associated with depression and smartphone addiction among college students. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 378 undergraduate students responded to the survey. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression with IBM SPSS statistics version 21. RESULTS: Levels of depression and smartphone addiction were significantly different according to the four styles of perceived parenting (optimal parenting, affectionate constraint parenting, affectionless control parenting, and neglectful parenting). Scores of depression and smartphone addiction in the group with perceived affectionless control parenting were higher than those in the other groups. In a regression model, maternal care and paternal overprotection were significantly associated with depression. Also, maternal overprotection was the only significant predictor of smartphone addiction. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that students who perceive that both fathers and mothers are low in care, warmth, and support; but high in overprotection, control and intrusiveness are vulnerable to depression and smartphone addiction. Targeted interventions to change and reframe students' perception of paternal and maternal parenting in a positive way may reduce their depression and smartphone addiction.
Smartphone
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Depression*
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Fathers
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Humans
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Mothers
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Parenting*
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Parents*
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Young Adult
7.A Study on the Relationship among Family Functioning, Empathy, and Aggression by High School Students.
Hee Jung CHOI ; Eun Sun LIM ; Jang Hak YOO
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2013;24(4):480-487
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among family functioning, empathy and aggression by high school students. METHODS: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 467 high school students from M city. Data were collected from November 29 to December 7, 2012 and self-report questionnaires including a Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Indexes, and an Aggression Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The majority of the subjects were 2nd graders (42.0%) and female (57.2%). 59.7% of the subjects had religion, 84.8% were living together with parents. The mean ages of their fathers and mothers were 49.90+/-0.20 and 46.85+/-0.19 respectively. Aggression was found to have a statistically negative correlation with family functioning and empathy. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of aggression was empathic concern. Empathic concern, family cohesiveness, perspective taking, personal distress and gender accounted for 16.7% of the variances. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide aggressiveness reduction programs for high school students that consider their family functioning and empathy.
Aggression*
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Empathy*
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Fathers
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Female
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Humans
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Mothers
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Parents
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Surveys and Questionnaires
8.A cephalometric study on the inheritance of craniofacial complex.
Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1986;16(2):69-80
This study was undertaken to investigate the inheritance in craniofacial complex among Korean familial members. The subjects were 160 lateral cephalometric radiographs from 45 families. Standard product-moment correlation coefficients(r) were calculated for the measurements between the familial pairings. Further, coefficients of determination(r2) were calculated and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the use of parents' record for predicting an offspring's craniofacial features. The following results were obtained. 1 First-degree relatives had a high level of significant correlations which were compatible with a polygenic theory of inheritance than those of non-relatives. 2 Mother-daughter pair had the highest significant correlations, then mother-son and father-son pairs, and, finally, father-daughter pair had the lowest significant correlations. 3 The genetic influence was higher in anterior cranial base length and gonial angle. In contrast, the environmental influence was higher in posterior border of ramus, maxillary ant. teeth, maxillary & mandibular apical bases and Gla-P. occ 4 The predictability of offspring's cranio-facial growth could be Improved by using multiple measurements from both parents than those from father or mother only.
Ants
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Fathers
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Humans
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Mothers
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Parents
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Skull Base
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Tooth
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Wills*
9.A Study on Dietary Attitudes and Dietary Self-Efficacy of Juvenile Delinquents.
Jung Suk LEE ; Hyun Ja LEE ; Byeng Chun SONG ; Eun Kyung KIM ; Chun Bok LEE ; Seok Hwan KIM
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2008;13(5):663-673
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with dietary attitudes and dietary self-efficacy of juvenile delinquents. Out of 110 questionnaires distributed to the juvenile detention home students in Daegu, and 150 questionnaires distributed to the juvenile detention home students in Anyang, 210 were analyzed (80.7% analysis rate). These data were analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows. Almost all parents' educational levels showed 'graduation of middle school', and only 43.8% of the juvenile detention students were living with parents. In case of incoming status, average income per month was 2,000,000 won, which was lower than normal one. Diet attitude score was higher in boy students than girl students (p < 0.05). There was a higher score of diet attitude in higher educational levels of father. The average score of dietary self-efficacy was 2.51 +/- 0.86. This value was lower than the normal juvenile. There was a higher diet attitude score in the higher dietary self-efficacy score (p < 0.001). Therefore, proper nutrition education is required to improve their dietary self-efficacy. The results of this study could be useful data to plan and develop nutritional education programs of juvenile delinquents
Diet
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Fathers
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Humans
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Parents
10.Characteristics of the Bullying in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2009;20(2):90-96
OBJECTIVES: This study examined clinical characteristics associated with bullying in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Children and their parents were asked to fill out a structured self-report form regarding bullying incidents. To evaluate the characteristics of the children, the results of the ADHD Rating Scale, the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist, the ADHD Diagnostic system and the Emotional Recognition Test were used. The agreement of bullying data between each child and their mother and father was measured using Cohen's kappa. The association between victim and perpetrator was analyzed by calculating a contingency coefficient based on chi-square. To compare the characteristics of victimized children and didn't, an independent sample T-test was performed. RESULTS: When children were victims of bullying incidents there was significant agreement between children and parents on the information provided on the self-reports. However, more children reported themselves as a perpetrator of bullying than their parents did. Victimization, that is, the tendency towards being a perpetrator, is associated with the higher level of parental reports of aggressiveness. CONCLUSION: Victimization of bullying is associated with aggression in children with ADHD. This study suggests that victimized children with ADHD warrant careful evaluation, in particular with regard to the credence placed on parental reports of aggressiveness, and management for aggression.
Aggression
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Bullying
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Checklist
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Child
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Child Behavior
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Crime Victims
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Fathers
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Humans
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Mothers
;
Parents