No abstract available.
Parenteral Nutrition*

No abstract available.
Parenteral Nutrition, Total

No abstract available.
Heparin ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Thrombocytopenia

Enteral Nutrition ; Humans ; Pancreatitis ; therapy ; Parenteral Nutrition

No abstract available.
Incidence* ; Nurseries* ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total* ; Pharmacy* ; Sepsis*

Parenteral nutrition support for burn injury in China began to develop in 1970s along with improvement in burn foundational research of burn injury and the marketing of parenteral nutrition solutions manufactured by Chinese amino acids pharmaceutical industry. Up to 1980s many kinds of parenteral nutrition products were used in clinical therapy, and they were proved to be effective and safe. Meanwhile the guide for parenteral nutrition support of China was drafted to ensure standardized administration. Some problems should be called for attention in present practice of parenteral nutrition support. First, immuno nutrients have been proved to possess synergistic effect on parenteral/enteral nutrition support. But for those critical patients in sepsis/MODS period, more attention should be paid to the use of immuno nutrients in time of administration and optimal dosage because of the complicate physiopathologic reactions. Secondly, the use of growth hormone has been proved to be effective for promoting healing in patients with burn in many cases. However, the indications of growth hormone should be strictly observed and the regime of a low dose and short course should be adopted 7 days after burn for ensuring safety. Thirdly, we should pay attention to the best path of giving nutrition, whether enteral or parenteral. Parenteral nutrition support should be adopted for critical burn patients in early period with intestinal dysfunction, and enteral nutrition support should be used when intestinal functions recover partially. For patients with burn hypermetabolism, the application of enteral and parenteral nutrition support is complimentary, and it is aptly called total nutrition.
Burns ; therapy ; Humans ; Parenteral Nutrition ; methods

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total* ; Sepsis*

To compare the method of early enteral nutrition to parenteral nutrition about the immunology, nutriments and side effects on severe traumatic patients, the study was carried on traumatic patients who were treated in surgical ICU of Vietduc hospital from April to October 2003. There are 36 patients in group of early enteral nutrition and 23 patients in group of parenteral nutrition. We found no difference about age, severity of trauma, time of artificial ventilation and hospitalization between two groups of patient. IgA results of parenteral nutrition group decreased more significantly than IgA of enteral nutrition group after 8 days of nutrition, but lymphocyte count increased (p<0.05) in this groups. After nutrition, albuminemia had no change, but total proteinemia increased in two groups. Transferrin and hematocrit were not different between two groups. We also found that diarrhea is a side effect of enteral nutrition method (22%).The price of enteral nutrition was 3.7 times cheaper than parenteral nutrition.
Nutritional Status ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: The worldwide incidence of osteomyelitis is approximately 21.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. The cornerstone of treatment is prolonged (4-6 weeks) intravenous antibiotic administration. This entails additional cost, inconvenience, and added manpower from the healthcare system. Thus, studies have explored the possible use of oral antibiotics as alternatives to improve patient compliance and reduce costs. Our meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of oral versus intravenous antibiotics in treating adult patients with osteomyelitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, and Research Gate) from 1966 to April 2020 were searched using the terms “oral antibiotics”, “osteomyelitis”, “randomized controlled trial”. Only studies that directly compared oral versus intravenous antibiotics and confirmed osteomyelitis through biopsy and/or imaging were included. Primary outcome is remission (resolution of symptoms with no relapse and bacteriologic eradication); secondary outcomes, (a) relapse (persistence of the pathogen after treatment) and (b) adverse events. The validity of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We performed a random-effects model in Review Manager Version 5.3 with 95% confidence interval. The I 2 test was used to assess heterogeneity. RESULTS: Seven of 89 trials comprised of 1,282 patients were included in the final analysis. All studies included patients with osteomyelitis of the lower extremities. Oral antibiotics used were Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Co-trimoxazole; intravenous antibiotics used were deemed appropriate by the infectious disease specialist. Patients were only given either oral or intravenous antibiotics. Results showed an 8% increase in remission rates [RR 1.08 (0.81 to 1.44, 95% CI, Z = 0.52, p=0.60)] with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%) in the intravenous antibiotics group. However, this was not statistically significant. Furthermore, there was a 62% decrease in relapse rates in the intravenous antibiotics group [RR 1.62 (0.85 to 3.07, 95% CI, Z = 1.47, p = 0.14)] with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%) but was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Oral are comparable to intravenous antibiotics in treating osteomyelitis in terms of remission and relapse rates. However, larger and double-blinded trials should be done to generate more robust data to validate these claims.
Osteomyelitis ; Administration, Intravenous ' ; Parenteral Nutrition

Clinicians should assume the responsibility of nutritional therapy for satisfactory outcomes. They should master knowledge on nutritional metabolism, and participate in the administration of nutritional support. Clinicians should be acquainted with new concepts and standardized techniques in this field, such as different requirement of energy, understanding of early nutritional support, and optimal regimens of enteral or parenteral nutrition.
China ; Enteral Nutrition ; Humans ; Nutritional Support ; Parenteral Nutrition