65 cases of paragonimiasis were studied; 15 years old group is the most frequent suffering age (86%). The common symptoms were described. Praziquantel 25 mg/kg x 3 doses daily in 2 days is the remedy of choice
Paragonimiasis ; Therapeutics ; Diagnosis

Lung paragonimiasis is a disease caused by lung flukes characterized by the migration of a juvenile worm in early stage and the formation of cysts around the worm later on. We report a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in the childhood causing recurrent haemoptysis and pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to describe the radiological manifestations of pulmonary paragonimiasis on chest X-rays and CT-Scans-Peripheral localized, multisegmental infiltration with pleural thickening of lesion, Focal and infiltrative shadows (10-15mm nodules + masslike consolidation). Bollous inflation (excentric thickening of Cyst wall). CT-scans provide more specific information
Paragonimiasis ; X-Rays ; contraindications ; diagnosis

Cerebral paragonimiasis ad cerebral cysticercosis are two notorious parasitic infestations of the brain in Korea, of which diagnoses were not clarified yet clinically. The authors experienced 25 such parasitic brain diseases with their characteristic CT findings, and it was assumed that computed cosmography(CT scan) is the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of these parasitic brain diseases.
Brain Diseases ; Brain* ; Cysticercosis ; Diagnosis ; Korea* ; Paragonimiasis

Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Paragonimiasis ; diagnosis ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis

As epidemiological parameters of human paragonimiasis, the positive rates of intradermal test and the sputum/stool examination have long been employed in population surveys. However, both the specificity of the intradermal test and the sensitivity of sputum/stool examination have been gradually declined as the endemicity was lowered; thus the gap between above two parameters widened. In such context, the development of a new epidemiological parameter or tool which makes it possible to accurately discriminate the active paragonimiasis cases was necessary. In the present study, the detection rate of Paragonimus-specific IgG antibody by micro-ELISA was evaluated as an indicator of epidemiologic status of human paragonimiasis in a population. A total of 4,285 students and inhabitants living in Bukpyeong Myeon and Bukil Myeon, Haenam Gun, Jeonlanam Do was surveyed in October 1983 by intradermal test first. Out of them, 244 case (5.7 percent) were found positively reacted to VBS antigen of P. wetermani. Out of 168 positive reactors, 7 cases (4.2 percent) were egg positive either by two times of sputum examination or by one stool examination. That indicated that only 0.16 percent of total surveyed were confirmed as active paragonimiasis by egg detection. When sera collected from 239 positive reactors of intradermal test were tested by micro-ELISA for their specific IgG antibody, 40 cases (16.7 percent) were found to be positive. All of 7 eggs positive cases were again positive for specific IgG antibody. Among remaining 232 intradermal test positive cases, 33 cases were positive for IgG antibody. In contrast to those, none of 42 positive reactors to intradermal test for Clonorchis and of 128 intradermal test negative cases showed positive for Paragonimus- specific IgG antibody. The rate of specific IgG antibody as detected by micro-ELISA appeared to be increased with the wheal size of the intradermal test. When the wheal size was over 13 mm in diameter, about 50 percent of them were positive for specific IgG antibody. Thirty-one specific antibody positive cases were clinically evaluated by laboratory examinations (repeated sputum examination, peripheral eosinophil count and chest roentgenogram) and by history taking. Out of them 24 cases were associated with one or more positive laboratory findings; thus considered as active paragonimiasis cases. Out of 7 lab. finding-free cases 3 revealed past history of typical paragonimiasis symptoms, suggesting that they were in chronic or in convalescent stages. The remaining 4 cases were considered as either mild or ectopic infection cases; the possibility of cross-reaction with other helminthiases could not be ruled out. From the above results, it was inferred that the detection of Paragonimus-specific IgG antibogy by micro-ELISA was very much helpful in detecting the active cases as well as in proper evaluation of the endemicity of human paragonimiasis in a population. The convenience of mass handling of sera in micro-ELISA was considered another superiority as an epidemiologic tool.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Paragonimus westermani ; paragonimiasis ; ELISA ; immunology ; diagnosis ; IgG

Cerebral paragonimiasis, occurring as an extrapulmonary infestation, is one of the important intracranial lesions in Korea. In this paper we report a case of cerebral paragonimiasis which showed very similar C-T findings to pyogenic brain abscess and was verified by pathologic research. Though we don't have much experiences in the diagnosis of the cereal paragonimiasis with C-T Scan, we found out some differences between pyogenic abscess and that due to cerebral paragonimiasis in several aspects.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Edible Grain ; Diagnosis ; Korea ; Paragonimiasis*

Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Liver Diseases, Parasitic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paragonimiasis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

Pulmonary paragonimiasis and tuberculosis are endemic in Asia, South America, and Africa. However, differential diagnosis among the diseases is difficult because they present with similar clinical symptoms and diagnostic features. Here, we report a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis that was identified using Ziehl-Neelsen stain after initially being assessed for pulmonary tuberculosis. Following anti-Paragonimus chemotherapy, the patient's symptoms, laboratory test results, and lung lesions improved. Thus, the identification of Paragonimus westermani using Ziehl-Neelsen stain can be considered in the diagnosis.
Africa ; Asia ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Lung ; Paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; South America ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Indirect fluorescent antibody tests were performed with sera of paragonimiasis patients and skin test positive sera against Paragonimus antigen. Paragonimus antigen was prepared from lyophilized adult worms of P. westermani by defatting with ethyl-ether before extracting with barbital buffered saline. Preparation of Paragonimus antigen for the indirect fluorescent antibody test was based upon Sato's method used for sero-diagnosis of anisakiasis, with Sephadex G-25 instead of Sepharose 4B. The results were as follows: The indirect fluorescent antibody titers of paragonimiasis patient's sera ranged from 1:64 to 1:512, whereas the control sera showed titers of less than 1:16. As controls, Clonorchis patient's sera and parasite-free healthy human sera were used. In indirect fluorescent antibody tests, the skin test positive human sera against Paragonimus antigen showed a positive rate of 41.5 per cent in the case of titers more than 1:40. On the other hand, complement fixation tests on the same sera showed a positive rate of 32.5 per cent in the case of titers more than 1:20.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; diagnosis ; indirect fluorescent antibody tests ; serum ; ethyl-ether

Agar-gel diffusion test (AGD), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were examined with the sera of skin test positives for paragonimiasis. The crude antigen(Paragonimus whole worm extracts: protein concentration, 7.56mg/ml) and human sera were used in AGD and CIEP. And in ELISA test, diluted antigen with 1:40,000 of crude antigen and diluted sera with 1:100, 1:200 were used in the test. The positive identical ratio between AGD and CIEP reactions is 98 percent and negative identical ratio is 100 percent. One or three precipitin bands are observed in AGD. One to seven precipitin bands are also revealed in CIEP. Especially, deeply stained bands are observed in CIEP than those of AGD. The positive identical ratios between AGD and ELISA tests are 96 percent in 1:100 diluted sera, and 94 percent in 1:200 diluted sera. But the negative identical ratios between AGD and ELISA tests are 97 percent and 99 percent respectively in 1:100 and 1:200 diluted sera. The positive identical ratios between CIEP and ELISA tests are 98 percent and 96 percent respectively in 1:100 and 1:200 diluted sera, but also 97 percent and 99 percent in 1:100 and 1:200. Control sera, such as clonorchiasis, amoebiasis and toxoplasmosis, revealed all negatives with Paragonimus antigen in AGD, CIEP and ELISA tests. By above results, ELISA was most sensitive, next CIEP and AGD. But AGD test appears to be more useful when used to crude antigen without cross reaction with other parasitic infections. CIEP test is basically equal in terms of precipitin reaction, but CIEP is able to be detected more sensitively and rapidly though less simple in handiwork than AGD. Consequently, three methods for immunological tests of paragonimiasis have good correlations with one another. Also, each of these has both merits and demerits in immunological test for paragonimiasis. But the ELISA test was proved to be the most sensitive and convenient tool for mass screening test, especially in case of using purified antigen.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; clonorchiasis ; ELISA ; immunology ; diagnosis ; paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; agar-gel diffusion ; counterimmunoelectrophoresis