No abstract available.
Paraffin* ; Silicones*

Three-dimension paraffin compensator was designed to construct the tissue equivalent compensator for irregular body contours and obiliques beam incidence. The ratio of compensator thickness to tissue deficit was depended on field size, depth and air gap because the scattered dose loss. The ratio of compensator-tissue was optimized 0.79, 0.73, 0.61 and 0.50 in 6MV x-rays as function of field size 4x4, 10x10, 20x20 and 30x30 cm2 respectively in our study. Using this tissue equivalent compensator, it can be got 2% difference of dose at same mid-plane in phantom study.
Incidence ; Paraffin

No abstract available.
Paraffin* ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Fibronectins* ; Paraffin*

Humans ; Floods ; Paraffin ; Paraffin Embedding

No abstract available.
Paraffin* ; Thoracoplasty* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new apparatus which utilizes the principle of Van Tieghems hanging drop culture method. After using various methods of culturing fungi authors have found van Tieghems method to yield the most satifsymg result. Until now, this method has been slightly more tedious due to durability, storage, and quantity of culture necessary for each species. The new apparatus consists of 20mm plexiglass tubing cut in 16mm lengths and attache to a 16cm x12cm x2mm plexiglass plate with paraffin or manicure. These tubes a.re ranged in rows approximately 6cm apart with at least 8mm between tubes. Plates of varying sizes can be made to accornodate specific experimente. The authors developed thse inexpensive unbreakable plexiglass plates to allow for aimultaneous growth of various fungi and therefore more accurate comparison. Since these plates can be stored and handled easily, most af the disadvantages of using van Tieghems hanging drop culture rnethod have been eliminated.
Fungi ; Paraffin ; Polymethyl Methacrylate*

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of pilomatricoma is unknown. Several reports have suggested that apoptosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of pilomatricoma. As the bcl-2 and p53 are well-known regulators of apoptosis, a disturbance in either bcl-2 or p53 could compromise a proper apoptotic response and relate to the development of the tumor. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins in pilomatricoma. METHODS: Paraffin blocks of 14 cases of pilomatricoma were stained immunohistochemically by using anti-bcl-2 and anti-p53 antibodies. RESULTS: 1. Histologically, SCs were found in all 14 pilomatricomas, while BCs and TCs were found each in 9 tumors. 2. All the SCs found in 14 tumors and all the TCs found in 9 tumors were unstained for both bcl-2 and p53. 3. The expression of bcl-2 in 9 tumors was variable. Basal BCs showed reactivity from negativity(-) to strong positivity(+++) and suprabasal BCs showed reativity from negativity(-) to moderately strong(++) positivity. Both basal BCs and suprabasal BCs showed negativity for bcl-2 in 3 tumors and similar positive staining in 1 tumor, while basal BCs showed stonger positivity than suprabasal BCs in 5 tumors. 4. The expression of p53 in 9 tumors was also variable. Both basal BCs and suprabasal BCs showed reactivity from negativity(-) to moderately strong positivity(++). Both basal BCs and suprabasal BCs showed negativity for p53 in 1 tumor and similar positive staining in 6 tumors, while suprabasal BCs showed stronger positivity than basal BCs in 2 tumors. CONCLUSION: The above immunohistochemical findings showed that the expression of bcl-2 and p53 was variable and suggest that both bcl-2 and p53 have a limited role in the control of apoptosis in pilomatricoma.
Antibodies ; Apoptosis ; Paraffin ; Pilomatrixoma*

BACKGROUND: Inevitable loss of diagnostic material should be minimized during cell block preparation. We introduce a modified agarose cell block technique that enables the synthesis of compact cell blocks by using the entirety of a cell pellet without the loss of diagnostic material during cell block preparations. The feasibility of this technique is illustrated by high-throughput immunocytochemistry using high-density cell block microarray (CMA). METHODS: The cell pellets of Sure- Path residues were pre-embedded in ultra-low gelling temperature agarose gel and re-embedded in standard agarose gel. They were fixed, processed, and embedded in paraffin using the same method as tissue sample processing. The resulting agarose cell blocks were trimmed and represented on a CMA for high-throughput analysis using immunocytochemical staining. RESULTS: The SurePath residues were effectively and entirely incorporated into compact agarose cell buttons and embedded in paraffin. Sections of the agarose cell blocks revealed cellularities that correlated well with corresponding SurePath smears and had immunocytochemical features that were sufficient for diagnosis of difficult cases. CONCLUSIONS: This agarose-based compact cell block technique enables preparation of high-quality cell blocks by using up the residual SurePath samples without loss of diagnostic material during cell block preparation.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Paraffin ; Paraffin Embedding ; Sepharose*

BACKGROUND: Porokeratosis is a rare group of disorders of epidermal keratinization which is histologically characterized by the presence of cornoid lamella. The malignant potential of porokeratotic lesions is well recognized. Recently, frequent p53 overexpression has been reported and might be related to the carcinogenic potential of porokeratosis. OBJECTIVE: To compare previous foreign results of p53 overexpression in porokeratosis with Korean cases, we studied 24 Korean cases of porokeratosis(7 of Porokeratosis of Mibelli, 14 of DSAP, 2 of Linear Porokeratosis, and 1 of PPPD). METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was done on the paraffin sections using a labelled streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method with primary antibodies against p53 protein and Ki-67. RESULTS: The epidermis central to cornoid lamellae was positive for p53 protein in 15 of the 24 cases. The epidermis beneath the cornoid lamellae was positive in 3 of the central positive 15 cases and the peripheral epidermis was positive in 1 of the central positive 15 cases. Staining for Ki-67 antigen was increased above background levels in 9 of 24 specimens. No correlation was detected between p53 protein expression and Ki-67 antigen expression. CONCLUSION: The p53 overexpression was observed in Korean cases of porokeratosis but, the expression rate of p53 in Korean cases of porokeratosis was relative less than previous foreign reports.
Antibodies ; Epidermis ; Ki-67 Antigen* ; Paraffin ; Porokeratosis*