Recently, detection of human papillomavirus (HPV)mRNA expression was made possible by in situ hybridization. We described a patient with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3, showing a distinctive and rare form of co-infection with HPV type 16 and 18. HPV-16 was detected in high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplastic lesion (CIN 3) and HPV-18 was in low grade lesion just adjacent to the HPV-16 infected area. This case suggests that HPV infection may be one of the most responsible causative agents producing malignant transformation and two distinctive HPV types can also simultaneously infect the squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix.
Adult ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia/*microbiology ; Cervix Uteri/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Papillomaviridae/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections/*microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/*microbiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*microbiology

Objective: To explore the characteristics and correlations of vaginal flora in women with cervical lesions. Methods: A total of 132 women, including 41 women diagnosed with normal cervical (NC), 39 patients with low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1), 37 patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2/3) and 15 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), who came from the gynecological clinic of Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University during January 2018 to June 2018, were enrolled in this study according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria strictly. The vaginal flora was detected by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Co-occurrence network analysis was used to investigate the Spearman correlations between different genera of bacteria. Results: The dominant bacteria in NC, CIN 1 and CIN 2/3 groups were Lactobacillus [constituent ratios 79.4% (1 869 598/2 354 098), 63.6% (1 536 466/2 415 100) and 58.3% (1 342 896/2 301 536), respectively], while Peptophilus [20.4% (246 072/1 205 154) ] was the dominant bacteria in SCC group. With the aggravation of cervical lesions, the diversity of vaginal flora gradually increased (Shannon index: F=6.39, P=0.001; Simpson index: F=3.95, P=0.012). During the cervical lesion progress, the ratio of Lactobacillus gradually decreased, the ratio of other anaerobes such as Peptophilus, Sneathia, Prevotella and etc. gradually increased, and the differential bacteria (LDA score >3.5) gradually evolved from Lactobacillus to other anaerobes. The top 10 relative abundance bacteria, spearman correlation coefficient>0.4 and P<0.05 were selected. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that Prevotella, Peptophilus, Porphyrinomonas, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Atopobium, Gardnerella and Streptococcus were positively correlated in different stages of cervical lesions, while Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with the above anaerobes. It was found that the relationship between vaginal floras in CIN 1 group was the most complex and only Peptophilus was significantly negatively correlated with Lactobacillus in SCC group. Conclusions: The increased diversity and changed correlations between vaginal floras are closely related to cervical lesions. Peptophilus is of great significance in the diagnosis, prediction and early warning of cervical carcinogenesis.
Female ; Humans ; Vagina/microbiology* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics* ; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Lactobacillus/genetics* ; Papillomavirus Infections

No abstract available.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, Bacterial/analysis ; Chlamydia Infections/*diagnosis/epidemiology/microbiology ; Chlamydia trachomatis/immunology ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening/*methods ; Papillomavirus Infections/*diagnosis/epidemiology/virology ; Papillomavirus, Human/genetics ; Poland/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; *Sexual Behavior ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVEDiscussion of the relationship between Mycoplasma and chlamydia infection and lesions in the cervical tissue in high-risk HPV-positive infertile patients with cervical.

METHODSHPV-negative patients with cervical as the control, retrospective analysis the relationship of Mycoplasma hominis and chlamydia infection, cervical histological graded, and inflammation graded.

RESULTSThe rate of HPV infection in mycoplasma-positive and those with negative mycoplasma has significant difference (P < 0.01), The rate of HPV infection in chlamydia-positive and those with negative chlamydia has no significant difference (P > 0.05). CIN and the incidence of cervical erosion and CIN grade were higher in HPV-positive than HPV-negative group (P < 0.01). The cervical erosion of HPV-positive was no difference in the degree (P > 0.05). Compared with the simple HPV-positive group, CIN and the incidence of severe cervical erosion in mixed infection of Mycoplasma was no difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMycoplasma infection increases the rate of high risk HPV infection, high-risk HPV infection increased cervical pathological damage, Mycoplasma infection might be the factor of persistent infection with high risk HPV, the degree of cervical pathological is the factor of cervical infertility which can not be ignored.

Adult ; Alphapapillomavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Cervix Uteri ; microbiology ; pathology ; virology ; Chlamydia ; isolation & purification ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; microbiology ; pathology ; virology ; Mycoplasma ; isolation & purification ; Mycoplasma Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; virology ; Papillomavirus Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

In order to investigate the role of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) in cell proliferation and carcinogenesis in condyloma acuminatum (CA), immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression of MDM2 protein and mRNA in normal skin and skin lesions of CA of vulva. PCR was also used to detect HPV types. The results showed that in 32 observed CA specimens, the expression of MDM2 protein and mRNA was detected in 18 (56.25%) and 22 (68.75%) respectively, while the co-expression of MDM2 protein and mRNA was found in 14. PCR results revealed that HPV6/11 and HPV16/18 subtypes were shown in 28(87.5%) and 4 (12.5%) respectively out of 32 CA specimens. Out of the 18 positive specimens expressing MDM2 protein, HPV6/11 subtypes were shown in 15 and HPV16/18 subtypes in 3. In 22 positive specimens expressing MDM2 mRNA, HPV6/11 subtypes were shown in 18 and HPV16/18 subtypes in 4. No expression of MDM2 protein and MDM2 mRNA was observed in normal skin. Our study indicated that the overexpression of MDM2 might be involved in malignant proliferation and carcinogenesis of CA.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Condylomata Acuminata ; metabolism ; microbiology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; Papillomavirus Infections ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics