No abstract available.
Papillary Muscles* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular*

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Papillary Muscles*

A 22 year-old male had a cystic mass attached to the anterolateral papillary muscle which was diagnosed using transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. Cardiac MRI was done to prove the nature of cystic mass. This cystic mass was successfully resected by da Vinci system without damage to the valve. Histologically this cystic mass proved to be a blood-filled cystic mass.
Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Humans ; Male ; Papillary Muscles

The tricuspid valve is not a simple but a complex structure, tricuspid valve complex. This complex is composed of tricuspid orifice, annulus, valve leaflet, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. There are flew articles about these structures. The authors studied tricuspid valve complex in 53 cases of normal korean adults, such as circumference of tricuspid annulus, the maximum diameter of the tricuspid orifice, height and breadth of the cusps, including commissures, the ratio of rough to clear zone, the number of scallops of posterior cusp, the number, length and pattern of arrangement of the several types of chordae, the number and morphological characteristics of papillary muscles.
Adult* ; Chordae Tendineae ; Heart* ; Humans ; Papillary Muscles ; Pectinidae ; Tricuspid Valve*

Anesthetics, Local* ; Animals ; Papillary Muscles* ; Procaine ; Rats* ; Tetracaine

Anesthetics, Local* ; Animals ; Papillary Muscles* ; Procaine ; Rats* ; Tetracaine

The influences of osmolarity on the cardiac muscle contraction were investigated in cat papillary muscles. The muscle was immersed in the modified Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solutions containing various Ca ion concentrations and osmolarities and the resultant changes in maximum developed tension, rate of development of tension and time to maximum tension were analyzed. Following are the results. 1) Mean length of papillary muscle used was 9.3+/-0.60mm, end mean cross-sectional area was l. 73+/-0.07 mm2. Normal contraction amplitude at 5 mM Ca ion-K-R-B solution was 2. 46+/-0. 1 gram/mm. 2) Within the range of 2.5-10.0 mM Ca ion concentration, the contraction amplitude increased along with the increment of Ca concentration. 3) Osmolarity exerted dual effects on contraction; within the range of 300-400 mosm/I solution, the hypertonic solution exported a positive inotropic effect while 500 mOsm/1 solution exerted a negative inotropic effect upon papillary muscle. 4) Maximum rate of tension development increased in 350 mOsm/1 solution, but decreased in 400 mOsm/1 or more hypertonic solution. The time to maximum tension did not change within the range of 300 400 mOsm/1 osmolarity and in 500 mOsm/1 solution. 5) The difference in maxium developed tension between single and paired stimulation was 1. 99 gram/mm' at 300 mOsm/1 solution and was negligible in 450 mOsm/1 or more hypertonic solutions.
Animals ; Cats ; Hypertonic Solutions ; Myocardium ; Osmolar Concentration ; Papillary Muscles

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by inappropriate hypertrophy of the myocardium and is associated with various clinical presentations ranging from complete absence of symptoms to sudden, unexpected death. These are caused by dynamic obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and surgical approaches were initiated. But, the complete resection of hypertrophied midventricular septum is impossible by standard, transaortic approach, because of narrow vision and limited approach. And it leads to inadequate excision, will leave residual left vetnricular outflow tract obstruction or systolic anterior motion of mitral leaflet, and limit symptomatic improvement and patient's survival. We report a case of extended septal myectomy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of mid-septum in a child. The extended septal myectomy was performed by aortotomy and left ventricular apical incision, and made possible the complete resection of mid-ventricular septum, abnormal papillary muscles and chordae. The patient's symptom was improved and the postoperative course was uneventful.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Child ; Heart Septum ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Myocardium ; Papillary Muscles

Between December 1993 and March 1996, 75 patients had undergone subannular procedures in mitral valve reconstruction. Their mean age was 45 years and they consisted of 28 males and 47 females. The cause of mitral disease in 75 patients were classified as follow : 29 cases were degenerative, 40 cases were rheumatic, 3 cases were congenital, 2 cases were infectious and 1 case was ischemic. Average number of mitral anatomical lesion per patient was 3.1 and we used average 1.5 procedures on subannular structure in mitral valve per patient. Subannular procedures were chordae shortening 21, chordae transfer 22, new chordae formation 20, papillary muscle splitting 33, shortening of papillary muscle 2. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was carried out for providing an immediate and accurate assessment of the adequacy of the reconstruction. There was no operative death. Patients have been followed up from 2 to 29months, mean 12.5. There were two failures that necessitated reoperation. The mean functional class(NYHA) was 3.19 preoperative and improved to 1.12. postoperatively. After mitral valve repair, the patients were improved hemodynamic, echocardiographic data. In conclusion, subannular procedure in mitral valve repair when feasible is stable and safe with a low prevalence of reoperation.
Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Female ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve* ; Papillary Muscles ; Prevalence ; Reoperation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The electrophysiological properties associated with favorable outcome of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia (VA) originating from the papillary muscle (PM) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of electrophysiological characteristics and predictors with the outcome of RFCA in patients with VAs originating from PM in the left ventricle (LV). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twelve (4.2%) of 284 consecutive patients with idiopathic VAs originating from LV PM were assessed. The electrophysiological data were compared between the patients in the successful group and patients in the recurrence group after RFCA. RESULTS: In 12 patients with PM VAs, non-sustained ventricular tachycardias (VTs, n=6), sustained VTs (n=4) and premature ventricular complexes (n=2) were identified as the presenting arrhythmias. Seven of eight patients showing high-amplitude discrete potentials at the ablation site had a successful outcome (85.7%), while the remaining four patients who showed low-amplitude fractionated potentials at the ablation site experienced VA recurrence. The mean duration from onset to peak downstroke (Deltat) on the unipolar electrogram was significantly longer in the successful group than in the recurrence group (58+/-8 ms vs. 37+/-9 ms, p=0.04). A slow downstroke >50 ms of the initial Q wave on the unipolar electrogram at ablation sites was also significantly associated with successful outcome (85.7% vs. 25.0%, p=0.03). CONCLUSION: In PM VAs, the high-amplitude discrete potentials before QRS and slow downstroke of the initial Q wave on the unipolar electrogram at ablation sites were related to favorable outcome after RFCA.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Catheter Ablation* ; Catheters* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Humans ; Papillary Muscles* ; Recurrence ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Ventricular Premature Complexes