No abstract available.
Papillary Muscles* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular*

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Papillary Muscles*

A 22 year-old male had a cystic mass attached to the anterolateral papillary muscle which was diagnosed using transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. Cardiac MRI was done to prove the nature of cystic mass. This cystic mass was successfully resected by da Vinci system without damage to the valve. Histologically this cystic mass proved to be a blood-filled cystic mass.
Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Humans ; Male ; Papillary Muscles

The tricuspid valve is not a simple but a complex structure, tricuspid valve complex. This complex is composed of tricuspid orifice, annulus, valve leaflet, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. There are flew articles about these structures. The authors studied tricuspid valve complex in 53 cases of normal korean adults, such as circumference of tricuspid annulus, the maximum diameter of the tricuspid orifice, height and breadth of the cusps, including commissures, the ratio of rough to clear zone, the number of scallops of posterior cusp, the number, length and pattern of arrangement of the several types of chordae, the number and morphological characteristics of papillary muscles.
Adult* ; Chordae Tendineae ; Heart* ; Humans ; Papillary Muscles ; Pectinidae ; Tricuspid Valve*

The influences of osmolarity on the cardiac muscle contraction were investigated in cat papillary muscles. The muscle was immersed in the modified Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solutions containing various Ca ion concentrations and osmolarities and the resultant changes in maximum developed tension, rate of development of tension and time to maximum tension were analyzed. Following are the results. 1) Mean length of papillary muscle used was 9.3+/-0.60mm, end mean cross-sectional area was l. 73+/-0.07 mm2. Normal contraction amplitude at 5 mM Ca ion-K-R-B solution was 2. 46+/-0. 1 gram/mm. 2) Within the range of 2.5-10.0 mM Ca ion concentration, the contraction amplitude increased along with the increment of Ca concentration. 3) Osmolarity exerted dual effects on contraction; within the range of 300-400 mosm/I solution, the hypertonic solution exported a positive inotropic effect while 500 mOsm/1 solution exerted a negative inotropic effect upon papillary muscle. 4) Maximum rate of tension development increased in 350 mOsm/1 solution, but decreased in 400 mOsm/1 or more hypertonic solution. The time to maximum tension did not change within the range of 300 400 mOsm/1 osmolarity and in 500 mOsm/1 solution. 5) The difference in maxium developed tension between single and paired stimulation was 1. 99 gram/mm' at 300 mOsm/1 solution and was negligible in 450 mOsm/1 or more hypertonic solutions.
Animals ; Cats ; Hypertonic Solutions ; Myocardium ; Osmolar Concentration ; Papillary Muscles

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by inappropriate hypertrophy of the myocardium and is associated with various clinical presentations ranging from complete absence of symptoms to sudden, unexpected death. These are caused by dynamic obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and surgical approaches were initiated. But, the complete resection of hypertrophied midventricular septum is impossible by standard, transaortic approach, because of narrow vision and limited approach. And it leads to inadequate excision, will leave residual left vetnricular outflow tract obstruction or systolic anterior motion of mitral leaflet, and limit symptomatic improvement and patient's survival. We report a case of extended septal myectomy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of mid-septum in a child. The extended septal myectomy was performed by aortotomy and left ventricular apical incision, and made possible the complete resection of mid-ventricular septum, abnormal papillary muscles and chordae. The patient's symptom was improved and the postoperative course was uneventful.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Child ; Heart Septum ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Myocardium ; Papillary Muscles

Anesthetics, Local* ; Animals ; Papillary Muscles* ; Procaine ; Rats* ; Tetracaine

Anesthetics, Local* ; Animals ; Papillary Muscles* ; Procaine ; Rats* ; Tetracaine

The mechanism of the positive inotropic responses to quaternary ammonium compounds (tetraethylam-monium, tetra-n-propylammouium, trimethylethylamm-onium trimethyl-n-butylammonium, trimethyl-n-penty-lammonium, trimethyl-n-hexylammonium, trimethyI-phenylammonium, trimethylbenzylammonium, triethyl-phenylammonium and m-hydroxyphenyltrimethylam-monium) was examined on the atropinized papillarymuscle of cats. After pretreatment with dichloro-isoproterenol, all the quaternary ammonium compounds failed to produce their usual positive inotropic activities. Bretylium or TM-10, which specifically interferes with the release and/or synthesis of adrenergic mediators, rendered papillary muscle unresponsive to quaternary ammonium compounds but responsive to norepinephrine. Quaternary ammonium compounds also failed to produce their positive inotropic activity on papillary muscle whose catecholamines were a1most completely dep1eted by treatment with reserpine. Surgical removal of the sympathetic innervation to the heart resulted in a marked reduction of myocardial catecholamines. The positive inotropic responses to quaternary ammonium compounds were markedly suppressed in papillary muscle obtained from bilaterally-sympathectomized cats with degenerated postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers to the heart. From the above results, it appears that quaternary ammonium compounds act at a common site to effect positive inotropic activities which are mediated via a catecholamine-release mechanism.
Animals ; Catecholamines ; Cats ; Heart ; Nerve Fibers ; Norepinephrine ; Papillary Muscles ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds* ; Reserpine

Spontaneous rupture of a papillary muscle from a papillary abscess is extremely rare. Most cases of papillary muscle ruptures are due to myocardial infarction or trauma. We describe the clinical course of a 68-year-old man who died from a papillary muscle rupture as a complication of a papillary muscle abscess due to Streptococcal pyogenes septicemia.
Abscess* ; Aged ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Myocardial Infarction ; Papillary Muscles* ; Rupture* ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Sepsis ; Streptococcus pyogenes