Both of alpha-chymotrypsin and papain were active in hydrolysis of proteins by temperature, acid and alkali proteins. Alpha-chymotrypsin hydrolysed protein better than papain. They were effective in digestion of mouse protein in inflamed tissue by Kaolin, Dextran and Formal in different level according this increasing order: Kaolin < Dextran < Formal. -chymotrypsin was better than papaine in hydrolysis of protein in inflamed tissue. Therefore, we can explain the anti inflammatory characters of those enzymes.
Chymotrypsin ; Papain

No abstract available.
Ear* ; Papain*

The reasonable pepsin + papain mix was studied. The results showed that the proteolytic activity of the mix at 3 areas pH: 20.5, 41 and 70.5 and temperature 38O2 was compared with either agent alone in the same conditions. These mixes will be improved and applied to the treatment of malnutrition in children
Peptide Hydrolases ; Enzymology ; Pepsin A ; Papain

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of 2% chlorhexidine gel associated with 8% papain gel in comparison with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in bovine pulp tissue dissolution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety bovine pulps of standardized sizes were used and fragmented into 5-mm sizes. The fragments were removed from the root middle third region. They were divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 15), 1) 8% papain; 2) 2% chlorhexidine; 3) 2% chlorhexidine associated with 8% papain; 4) 0.9% saline solution; 5) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; and 6) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The pulp fragments were weighed and put into immobile test tubes for dissolution for time intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. RESULTS: The 5.25% sodium hypochlorite had greater dissolution potential than the pure papain, and when associated with chlorhexidine, both promoted greater dissolution than did the saline solution and 2% chlorhexidine groups (p < 0.05). The 2.5% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution to a lesser extent than the groups with papain within a period of 30 min (p < 0.05), but, was comparable to the saline solution and chlorhexidine. After 120 min, the 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution of 100% of the pulp fragments, and papain, 61%, while chlorhexidine associated with papain and chlorhexidine alone dissolved only 55% and 3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The 8% papain in gel, both alone and in association with chlorhexidine, was able to dissolve bovine pulp tissue, but to a lesser extent than did 5.25% sodium hypochlorite.
Chlorhexidine* ; Endodontics ; Papain* ; Sodium Chloride ; Sodium Hypochlorite

The enzymatic synthesis of a tetrapeptide Phac-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-OEt, a fragment of the cholecystokinin C-terminal octapeptide CCK-8, was reported. This fragment was synthesized by coupling Phac-Met-OEt with Gly-OMe, Trp-OMe and Met-OEt successively. These three steps were catalyzed by alpha-chymotrpsin, Papain and alpha-chymotrpsin respectively. The results of FAB-MS showed that all the products had the correct molecular mass.
Catalysis ; Chymotrypsin ; Oligopeptides ; Papain ; Peptide Fragments ; Sincalide ; chemical synthesis

The synthesis of CCK-4 (H-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2) by using enzymes exclusively was described. As protection group for the amino group we used the Phenylacetyl group (Phac) which had been cleaved at the end of the synthesis with Penicillin G Amidase (PGA) without affecting the peptide bonds. Thus, beginning with Phac-Trp-OH we had successfully synthesized the target peptide with following 4 enzymes, alpha-Chymotrypsin, Papain, Thermolysin and PGA in four reaction steps. All reactions were carried out in aqueous buffer in reasonable yields (> 65%). FAB-MS or FD-MS verified the correct molecular mass of all peptides.
Chymotrypsin ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; Papain ; Peptides ; Tetragastrin ; chemical synthesis ; Thermolysin

The synthesis of CCK-4 (H-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2) by using enzymes exclusively was described. As protection group for the amino group we used the Phenylacetyl group (Phac) which had been cleaved at the end of the synthesis with Penicillin G Amidase (PGA) without affecting the peptide bonds. Thus, beginning with Phac-Trp-OH we had successfully synthesized the target peptide with following 4 enzymes, alpha-Chymotrypsin, Papain, Thermolysin and PGA in four reaction steps. All reactions were carried out in aqueous buffer in reasonable yields (> 65%). FAB-MS or FD-MS verified the correct molecular mass of all peptides.
Chymotrypsin ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; Papain ; Peptides ; Tetragastrin/*chemical synthesis ; Thermolysin

The enzymatic synthesis of a tetrapeptide Phac-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-OEt, a fragment of the cholecystokinin C-terminal octapeptide CCK-8, was reported. This fragment was synthesized by coupling Phac-Met-OEt with Gly-OMe, Trp-OMe and Met-OEt successively. These three steps were catalyzed by alpha-chymotrpsin, Papain and alpha-chymotrpsin respectively. The results of FAB-MS showed that all the products had the correct molecular mass.
Catalysis ; Chymotrypsin ; *Oligopeptides ; Papain ; Peptide Fragments ; Sincalide/*chemical synthesis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of multiple serological methods in the identification of complex antibodies. METHODS: The blood group antigens were detected by saline and microcolumn agglutination methods. The saline method was used to screen and identify IgM-type antibodies in the patient's serum, while the polybrene, anti-globulin, microcolumn agglutination, enzymic and absorption-elution methods were used to screen and identify IgG-type antibodies. RESULTS: The patient was B/CCDee/Jk(a-b+)/Fy(a-b+) blood type. The serum reacted with panel cells, and the reaction presented anti-E pattern in the saline medium. It was fully positive in the microcolumn agglutination card, except 2 negative ones after using papain to treat the panel cells. Referring to the pattern table, it was concluded that there existed anti-c, anti-E, and anti-Jk^a antibodies, and one antibody corresponding to an antigen that was easily destroyed by papain. The red blood cells with specific phenotype were selected for absorption-elution to identify IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies. CONCLUSION It is confirmed that IgM-type anti-E, and IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies exist in the patient's serum by multiple serological methods.
Humans ; Papain ; Blood Group Antigens ; Erythrocytes ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M

OBJECTIVETo compare the knee osteoarthritis (OA) models in rabbits by different concentrations of papain and provide data for exploring pathogenesis and treatments of this disease.

METHODSSixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of 15 each and given injections into the right knee on days 1, 3 and 5 including intra-articular injections of 2%, 5% or 10% (w/v) papain and 0.03 mol/L L-cysteine at the dose of 0.1 ml/kg (experimental groups). The 0.9% NaCl (w/v) with a dose of 0.1 ml/kg were injected intra-articularly into the right knees of rabbits in the control group. The rabbits were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 weeks respectively after the initiation of papain injection and these OA models were evaluated through recording the width of knee joint, performing the morphological observation and histological evaluation of articular cartilage and synovium.

RESULTSThe degenerative changes were demonstrated in knee joints of rabbit in all experimental groups, such as thinner articular cartilage, fibrillation and destroyed cartilage matrix, and inflammation, proliferation, and degeneration of the synovial tissue. All these changes were much worse with increased concentration and prolonged observation time.

CONCLUSIONDifferent severity of OA are established through intra-articular injections of 2%, 5% or 10% papain and 0.03 mol/L L-cysteine at the dose of 0.1 ml/kg. These models are of the characters of short period and a good reproducibility.