Objective: To examine the associations of occupational stress and well-being with depressive symptoms among couriers. Methods: Four cities of Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing and Taizhou were sampled from Zhejiang Province according to the economic development level, and couriers were randomly sampled from 40 service stations assigned by 25 mainstream express transportation corporations in these four cities. Participants' occupational stress, well-being and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS), the World Health Organisation-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and Chinese version of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). In addition, the associations of participants' occupational stress and well-being with depressive symptoms were examined using hierarchical linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 1 302 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 136 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 87.25%. The participants included 839 males (73.86%), and 297 females (26.14%), and had a mean age of (33.34±8.17) years and a mean service length of (8.95±7.82) years. The detection rates of occupational stress, low well-being and depressive symptoms were 32.48%, 50.79%, and 31.87% among participants, respectively. After adjustment for educational level, income, marital status and smoking, hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that well-being (β=0.171), social support (β=-0.298), organization and reward (β=0.200), demand and effort dimensions of COSS (β=0.284) were statistically correlated with depressive symptoms (all P<0.001). Conclusion Occupational stress and low well-being may increase the risk of depressive symptoms among couriers.

The phenomenon of workers working beyond standard working hours is called long working hours. In recent years, more and more relevant studies at home and abroad have shown the association between long working hours and adverse health effects of occupational populations, such as increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and various psychological conditions such as depression and occupational stress. However, the current research has not yet reached a consistent conclusion. The main reason is that the physiological and psychological effects of exposure to long working hours need to be explored in depth. Therefore, based on the relevant research progress at home and abroad, this article introduced the health effects of long working hours from both physical and psychological aspects, including hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, depression, and job burnout, expounded related mechanisms involved, and indicated deficiencies in current research on long working hours and the next research directions.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the occurrence of adverse drug reactions （ADR） between bevacizumab biosimilars and original drugs， and to provide data support for rational use of drugs in clinical. METHODS ADR reports of bevacizumab biosimilars and original drugs reported by Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from January to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 6 818 patients were treated with bevacizumab， and 136 ADR patients were reported. The incidence of ADR caused by bevacizumab biosimilars was higher than original drugs （2.18% vs. 0.71%， P＝0.004）. In ADR reports， the main treatment plan was bevacizumab combined with other tumor drugs （129 patients）； 118 patients were cured and improved； there were 108 general reports and 28 serious reports； the main system/organ involved in ADR was the cardiovascular system； there were no statistical significance in the incidence rates of hypertension/blood pressure increase， leukocyte/platelet decrease， diarrhea and fever caused by bevacizumab biosimilars and original drugs. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ADR related to bevacizumab biosimilars is significantly higher than that of the original drugs， but there is no significant difference in the clinical manifestation of ADR. Clinicians can use bevacizumab biosimilars or original drugs based on the willingness of patients and their families.

In the face of a serious occupational disease prevention and control situation, the lack of efficient supervision and regulation methods has become a prominent contradiction. This paper reviewed the progress and application of occupational health grading and classification supervision methods for employers in China in recent years, and analyzed the characteristics and limitations of selected methods. The grading and classification supervision methods have gradually developed from considering only inherent health risk of occupational disease hazards, to considering both inherent attributes of occupational disease hazards and exposure duration. Some regional authorities introduced trial measures for grading and classification of occupational health supervision by embracing exposure level of an occupational disease hazard of interest, associated outcome severity, and occupational health management situation of targeted employers. In October 2022, the National Disease Control and Prevention Bureau issued the Notice on Carrying out Pilot Work of Occupational Health Classification Supervision and Law Enforcement, which further promoted the establishment of a differentiated occupational health supervision model. Grading and classification of occupational health supervision can improve the supervision efficiency of public health administration departments and promote employers to fulfill the main responsibility of occupational disease prevention and control.