Objective To investigate the effect of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) on proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the possible mechanism involved.Methods The HSC was isolated by optiprep method.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The effect of invasion was measured with transwell assay.Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were detected by Western blotting.Results HSC was isolated and cultured successfully.HSC promoted the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (proliferation:0.571 ±0.024 vs 0.803 ±0.048,1.271 ±0.044,1.973 ±0.036; invasion:25.2 ± 1.9 vs 35.8 ±3.3,44.4 ±2.7,53.9 ±3.6) (P ＜0.05).MMP-2 (1.32 ±0.22 vs 2.46 ±0.39) and NF-κB(0.85 ±0.09 vs 1.44 ±0.21) were increased obviously in hepatocellular carcinoma cells stimulated by HSC.Conclusions HSC can promote the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The mechanism might be related to up-regulation of the expressions of MMP-2 and NF-κB.

Objective To investigate the effects of acupuncture at bilateral ST36 (Zusanli) on attention networks in healthy subjects.Methods The attention network test was used to compare the effects of after acupuncture at ST36 with the effects of before acupuncture on the efficiency of three anatomically defined attention networks:alerting,orienting,and executive control in 40 health university students.Results The alerting network effect was significantly higher (t=4.125,P＜0.001) after acupuncture ((45.60±3.49) ms) than before acupuncture ((33.20±2.88) ms).The executive control network efficiency was significantly higher (t=2.638,P＜0.05) after acupuncture ((87.97±4.21) ms) than before acupuncture ((97.67±4.66) ms).The orienting network efficiency was higher after acupuncture than before acupuncture,but there was no significant difference (P＞0.05).The average reaction time was significantly lower (t=4.848,P＜0.001) after acupuncture ((559.13 ± 10.66) ms) than before acupuncture ((590.57±12.80) ms).Conclusions These results suggest that there are selective enhancements of the alerting and executive control networks after acupuncture,while the orienting network is spared.

Objective To determine attention networks impairmnet in patients with localized brain injury and to examine the characteristics of the impairment.Methods The attention network test was used to compare patients(n=59)with controls(n=53)on the efficiency of 3 anatomically defined attention networks:alerting,orienting,and executive control.Results Firstly,patients with frontal lobe injury showed a significant deficit in the executive network(frontal lobe injury,controls:(143.7±46.6),(91.6±46.4)ms,Z=-4.714,P＜0.01)and also a significant deficit in the orienting network(frontal lobe injury,controls:(71.2±35.2),(55.1±21.8)ms,Z=-2.125,P＜0.05).There was no deficit in the alerting network(Z=-0.901,P＞0.05).Secondly,the orienting network effect was significantly lower in patients with parietal lobe injury((34.9±25.2)ms)than in normal controls((55.1±21.8)ms.Z=-2.418.P＜0.05).However,there were no significant difierences between the other two networks and between the patients and the controls(Z=-1.873,-0.186.P＞0.05).Thirdly,patients with temporal lobe injury showed no deficit in the three networks(Z=-0.037,-1.224,-0.718,all P＞0.05)as well as in overall RT and accuracy(Z=-1.385,-0.699,all P＞0.05).Conclusions These results suggest that there are selective impairments of the orienting and executive networks in patients with the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe injury,while the alerting network is spared.Furthermore,the frontallobe plays a key role in the executive control.meanwhile,the orienting network is closely related with the parietal lobe.

Preterm delivery caused by various reasons leads to intestinal flora dysplasia in premature infants.In the early stages of life, there is a parallel development window between the intestinal microflora and the nervous system.Premature infants represent a unique population, whose brain development can be influenced by early microbial colonization.Microbiota optimization can improve the development of the nervous system.In this article, factors affecting the intestinal flora of premature infants, the effects of intestinal flora imbalance on the nervous system development, and the impact of early addition of probiotics on the development of premature infants were reviewed.Understanding the role of early optimization of the microbiota in the brain development of premature infants is essential for developing specific treatments for intestinal microbiota imbalance and protecting premature infants from a series of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by preterm delivery.

With the increasing number of cancer patients, the aging population, the shortage of medical resources and other problems in China, the demand for palliative care is gradually increasing. However, nursing staff are the main implementors of palliative care, and their cognitive level of palliative care is closely related to the quality of palliative care service and the outcome of patients. By summarizing assessment tools of palliative care knowledge, attitudes and skills, this review aims to provide a reference for developing appropriate palliative care assessment tools for nursing staff in China.

Lecanemab is a new drug used to treat early Alzheimer's disease (AD) with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia. It is a human anti-Aβ fibril monoclonal IgG1 antibody, which is injected intravenously into the patient, through the blood-brain barrier into the brain, clearing amyloid plaque, thereby slowing the rate of cognitive decline in patients and delaying disease progression. This article reviews the pharmacological studies, clinical studies, safety and limitations of lecanemab, in order to help clinical understand the current research status and existing achievements of this drug.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level and the location and severity of bleeding in patients with cerebral microbleeds(CMBs).Methods:A total of 60 CMBs patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Xinxiang Medical University from January 2019 to August 2020 were selected as subjects as the CMBs group, and 60 healthy controls without nervous system diseases in outpatient physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The clinical data and biochemical indicators of the two groups were collected. Serum MMP-9 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). According to susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), CMBs patients were divided into grade 1 group ( n=24), grade 2 group ( n=19) and grade 3 group ( n=17), and according to the micro analytical rating scale (MARS), the CMBs patients were divided into the lobar group ( n=19), the deep or infratentorial group ( n=17) and the mixed group ( n=24).The relationship between serum MMP-9 level and the location and severity of CMBs was analyzed. SPSS 19.0 software was used for data statistical analysis.One-way ANOVA, t-test and rank sum test were used for comparison. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used for correlation analysis. Results:The level of MMP-9 in CMBs group was significantly higher than that in control group (208.13(142.25, 285.88) μg/L, 149.50(93.40, 186.51)μg/L), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Serum MMP-9 level was a risk factor of CMBs ( β=1.322, OR=3.750, 95% CI=2.038-7.997, P=0.002). The difference of level of MMP-9 in different severity of CMBs was statistically significant (147.55(109.25, 266.47)μg/L, 242.12(147.55, 288.80)μg/L, 270.42(203.43, 364.27)μg/L, P=0.017). Serum MMP-9 level was positively correlated with the number of CMBs ( r=0.371, P=0.003). The difference of MMP-9 level of CMBs in different locations were statistically significant (249.77(158.43, 338.46)μg/L, 188.83(138.52, 243.15)μg/L, 210.65(144.25, 255.78)μg/L, P=0.013). The increased serum MMP-9 level was a risk factor for CMBs( β=0.401, OR=1.122, 95% CI=1.004-1.204, P=0.036). Conclusion:The increased level of serum MMP-9 may be a risk factor of CMBs, especially for CMBs in cerebral lobesand, and the level of MMP-9 is positively correlated with the severity of CMBs.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of computer-aided pancreas segmentation based on three-dimensional (3D) Dixon MRI at 3.0-T.Methods Five volunteers with health pancreas underwent upper abdominal 3D Dixon MRI at 3.0T with the same scan parameters while holding breath.The automatic segmentation of pancreas is based on the Medical Imaging Interaction ToolKit (MITK) with homemade software.A experienced radiologist performed manual segmentation and computer aided segmentation of the pancreas on the opposed phase and water phase images twice.Similarity was analyzed and compared for the manual and automated segmentations for the two group images.Similarity was presented as Dice coefficients.Results Both of the oppose phase and water phase images of Dixon MRI showed that the signal intensity of pancreas was higher than that of the surrounding tissue,the similarity of water phase was obviously higher than that of oppose phase and the differences were statistically significant.Based on Dixon MRI water phase and oppose phase images,the mean dice coefficients for the manual segmentations were 0.81 ± 0.01 and 0.85 ±0.03,respectively,for both the oppose phase and water phase images (P=0.013).For the automated segmentations,the dice coefficients were 0.69 ± 0.08 and 0.75 ± 0.03 for water phase images and the oppose images,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant (P =0.155).Conclusions 3.0T oppose phase and water phase of Dixon images could clearly show the pancreas,and automated pancreas segmentation based on water phase Dixon MRI obtained higher similarity,which was feasible.

Objective:Laboratory evaluation of the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma indicators and intrathecal immunoglobulin G(IgG) synthesis in patients with neurological diseases, and establishment of a new diagnostic method for intrathecal IgG synthesis.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the content of IgG in cerebrospinal fluid samples and blood albumin in blood samples, and other test results of 410 patients with neurological diseases who visited Beijing Tiantan Hospital from 2019 to 2022. According to the results of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid, patients were divided into intrathecal IgG synthesis group and non-intrathecal IgG synthesis group. The Mann Whitney U test was used for inter group comparison, and a bilateral test with P<0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Include indicators with differences between groups in logistic regression analysis, construct a predictive model, and compare it with the established quantitative formula IgG index. Results:There were significant differences in 10 indicators, including cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte count and 24-hour intrathecal IgG synthesis rate, between the intrathecal IgG synthesis group and the non-intrathecal IgG synthesis group, with P<0.05. The area under the curve (AUC) of intrathecal IgG synthesis was higher than the IgG index (AUC=0.920, 0.809, Z=31.178, P<0.001), the sensitivity was higher than the IgG index (0.825, 0.618), and the specificity was lower than the IgG index (0.876, 0.908). Conclusion:The combination of 10 indicators such as cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count and 24-hour intrathecal IgG synthesis rate can improve the diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity of intrathecal IgG synthesis.

Objective To explore the effects of image registration using various regions of interest(ROI)on the setup error for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)patients who were immobilized individually.Methods Forty-three NPC patients who required radiotherapy were enrolled.The patients were immobilized with customized plastic foam and thermoplastic mask,and CBCT verification was performed once a week.In CBCT images,ROI was divided into the whole ROI(ROIPTV)and 7 local ROI containing different cervical structures(ROIsphenoid sinus,ROIatlantoaxial,ROIneck3,ROIneck4,ROIneck5,ROIneck6,and ROIneck7),which were then used for registrations with localized CT image.The setup errors in superior-inferior(SI),left-right(LR),anterior-posterior(AP),Pitch,Roll,and Yaw directions were recorded.Results In SI direction,the setup errors within 0.3 cm accounted for 89.74%for ROIneck7,and more than 90%for the other ROI.The proportion of setup errors within 0.3 cm gradually increased with the neck upward in LR direction,and they were 76.78%,81.70%,85.26%,and above 90%for ROIneck7,ROIneck6,ROIneck5,and the other ROI,respectively.In AP direction,the proportions of setup errors within 0.3 cm were less than 90%,except for ROIatlantoaxial and ROIneck3.The setup errors of ROIsphenoid sinus,ROIatlantoaxial,ROIneck3,and ROIneck4 were significantly positively correlated with ROIPTV in SI direction,and the correlation coefficients(R)were 0.94,0.95,0.90,and 0.83,respectively.In LR direction,there were positive correlations between the setup errors of ROIatlantoaxial and ROIsphenoid sinus(R=0.95),ROIneck3 and ROIsphenoid sinus(R=0.91),ROIPTV and ROIneck3(R=0.91).The setup errors of ROIPTV in AP direction were positively correlated with ROIatlantoaxial vertebrae and ROIneck3(R=0.88,0.90).The margins of all ROIs ranged from 0.38 cm to 1.01 cm.The extension of ROIneck6 and ROIneck7 in AP direction exceeded 0.9 cm,and the extension of ROIneck7 reached 0.95 cm in SI direction.Conclusion ROIPTV and ROIsphenoid sinus,ROIatlantoaxial,ROIneck3 are significantly correlated in SI,LR,and AP directions.The setup error of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients gradually increases with the neck down.The nasopharyngeal and cervical regions need to be expanded in segments when patients are immobilized individually.