Skeletal muscle fibrosis is one of the main pathological changes of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD),which can affect the regeneration of muscle fiber and promote development of the disease.Its occurrence and development correlate closely with inflammatory cells,fibroblasts,myofibroblasts and cytokines.This article reviews the progress of skeletal muscle fibrosis of DMD

Objective To explore the C-type fixation in the application of the catheter tunnel peritoneal dialysis. Methods One hundred and twenty patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis were selected from January to December 2014 in Xijin Hospital and were randomly divided into the control group and experiment group. The peritoneal dialysis catheters of the control group were fixed vertically at the tube orifice with surgical tape, while the peritoneal dialysis catheters of the experiment group were fixed horizontally first and then placed with a shape ofC and fixed at the tube orifice with surgical tape. The two groups were compared in terms of tunnel score, infection, tube shedding and pulling-induced stimuli. Result The tunnel score and the cases of infection rate, tube shedding and pulling-induced stimuli in the experiment group were lower and fewer than those of the control group with statistical significance (all P <0.05). Conclusion The type C fixation of tube for peritoneal dialysis can effectively reduce the incidence of infections in patients with peritoneal dialysis tunnel, reduce pulling-induced stimuli, and improve comfort of the patients.

A new diamond-based variable spring-mass model has been proposed in this study. It can realize the deformation simulation for different organs by changing the length of the springs, spring coefficient and initial angle. The virtual spring joined in the model is used to provide constraint and to avoid hyperelastic phenomenon when excessive force appears. It is also used for the calculation of force feedback in the deformation process. With the deformation force feedback algorithm, we calculated the deformation area of each layer through screening effective particles, and contacted the deformation area with the force. This simplified the force feedback algorithm of traditional spring-particle model. The deformation simulation was realized by the PHANTOM haptic interaction devices based on this model. The experimental results showed that the model had the advantage of simple structure and of being easy to implement. The deformation force feedback algorithm reduces the number of the deformation calculation, improves the real-time deformation and has a more realistic deformation effect.
Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Feedback ; Models, Biological

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a carcinogenic substance in many fermented foods. Enzymatic removal of ethyl carbamate from fermented foods is an important way to eliminate its potential health damage to consumers. To study the enzymatic properties of an ethyl carbamate hydrolase (urethanase) from Klebsiella pneumoniae, a strain isolated from murine somach, we purified the enzyme using ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. The molecular mass of this enzyme was estimated to be 55 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Its K(m) was 74 mmol/L when EC was used as the substrate. Moreover, its optimal reaction temperature was 55 degrees C, and the optimum pH was 7.0. The activity was enhanced by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and dithiothreitol (DTT), but strongly inhibited by Cu2+ and Zn2+. The enzyme was halophilic and tolerant to low concentration of ethanol. Therefore, it has the potential to remove EC from fermented foods.
Amidohydrolases ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; enzymology ; Molecular Weight ; Substrate Specificity ; Temperature

Scientificly forecasting the health resources is the premise and foundation for making health resource planning.This paper summarized the application scope and characteristics of commonly used statistical models for health resources forecasting,introduced many S type curve prediction models commonly used in natural and social economic fields,hackled and concluded the weight calculation methods of combination forecasting models,and on this basis put forward that multivariable time series model or combination forecasting model based on single time series model and multi-linear regression equation of the predictive value should be set up for forecasting health resources,so as to provide methodological references for related forecasting research.

Objective To evaluate the research input-output efficiency of 15 medical universities,and provide references for improving synthetic research efficiency.Methods Selected research input-output key indicators,and used CCR model and SE-DEA model to statistic and analyze.Results The average value of comprehensive efficiency of 15 medical universities was 0.811,pure technical efficiency value was 0.978,scale efficiency value was 0.827.There were 5 DEA efficient universities,7 pure technical efficient universities among 10 Non-DEA efficient universities.Conclusion The total research efficiency of medical universities in our country remained to improve,and should emphasize adjusting scientific research scale.

Objective To assess the equity of health resources configuration in Zhejiang,and provide references for regional health planning.Methods The Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to calculate and analyze.Results The Gini coefficient in 2009-2011 calculated by population density was between 0.330～0.343,which meant comparatively rational.The main reason of inequity configuration for hospital beds and nurses was inter-regional difference.Conclusion The Theil index could remedy the disadvantage that Gini coefficient could not reflex the total inequity was brought up by inter-regional or intra-regional difference.The health resource configuration should based on population health need and health service demand.

Interventions of expressive writing in cancer patients are mainly implemented in foreign countries. This paper reviews the proposal and development, implementation methods and mechanisms of expressive writing, and its effect on health outcomes of cancer patients, which indicates the population sensitivity and cultural sensitivity.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the intermediary variables, objective index and the analysis of the writing text in order to fully explain the mechanism and identify the social psychological needs of cancer patients at different stages. Future research can focus on sensitive populations, explore intermediary variables, incorporate objective indicators, optimize intervention methods, and explore the best intervention model for localization.

Objective To understand the capacity of application,and discuss the types as well as the mechanism of these dysfunctions.Methods A battery of neuropsychological tests including tool naming,tool naming by function,using of transitive tools,novel task test and naming photographs (living and inanimate) were applied in this study.20 AD patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Results The AD patients performed worse than the controls on the tool naming,tool naming by function,application of transitive tool,novel task test,naming tasks of living and inanimate pictures.The results represented significance in all of the tests (t =-6.54,-5.94,-4.16,-4.81,-2.17,-2.08 ; P ＜ 0.05).There were significant correlations between the performances in application the tasks and the ADAS-cog,MMSE and ADL scores (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The findings indicate that AD patients have apraxia,mainly impairment in ideomotor apraxia and ideational apraxia.Additionally,the patients have significantly decreased performance in ideational apraxia.The result suggests that AD patients' apraxia might result from the semantic processing disorder.

Objective To investigate health status of primary or middle school teachers. Methods A total of 4482 physical examination results of the teachers from Qiaokou District of Wuhan in 2008 were compared with 5526 data obtained in 2006. The rate of healthy to unhealthy participants was evaluated. The overall and age-specific disease incidence, including overweight, hypertension, hyperlipidmia, hyperglycemia,liver dysfunction, abnormal EGG, concrement, adiposis hepatica, and HBV infection, was recorded. X2 test was used for statistical analysis. Results Abnormal examination results were more common in 2008 when compared with those in 2006( X2 = 28. 35, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The incidence of hypertension was descended ( X2 =4. 51 ,P ＜ 0. 05 ), although the rates of hyperlipidimia, hyperglycemia, liver dysfunction, abnormal ECG,concrement, and adiposis hepatica were increased in 2008 ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The incidence of hyperlipidimia, liver dysfunction, abnormal ECG, and adiposis hepatica increased in all age groups ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The incidence of hyperglycemia and concrement increased in those ＞ 35 years old ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Except for hypertension and HBV infection, the incidence of common diseases has been increased in the young and middle-aged teachers during the last 2 years. Thus the health management for the primary or middle school teacher should be improved in the future.