Objective To elucidate the effect of ex vivo expansion of umbilical cord blood (UCB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) on their implantation capability and the hematopoietic reconstitution, and to find a feasible way of applying ex vivo expanded UCB MNCs to clinical transplantation.Methods UCB MNCs were cultured in short-term in serum-free medium with different early acting cytokines combinations in order to observe the amplification result and cells apoptotic difference. The 6-day expanded cells were transplanted into sublethally irradiated NOD/SCID mice to assess the implantation and the hematopoietic reconstitution of the survival mice.Results UCB MNCs reached the best amplification result between day 6 and day 10 with the contribution of SCF, FL, IL-6 and IL-3 in common and the presence of Annxin V on the surface of cells obviously decreased. Six weeks after transplantation, CD45, CD34, CD33, CD3 and CD19 antigen could be detected by FCM on BM, spleen and thymus cells of the alive mice and the human specific Alu and Cart-Ⅰ repetitive sequence could be detected in the DNA obtained from peripheral blood by PCR.Conclusion After 6-day effective expanding with SCF+FL+IL-6+IL-3 UCB MNCs can be implanted into NOD/SCID mice successfully and contribute to reconstitute the multiple hematopoiesis.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral extended biliary stenting for biliary stricture.Methods:A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted on data of 550 patients with obstructive jaundice due to extrahepatic bile duct stricture between February 2006 and April 2020. Patients were assigned to conventional group (undergoing conventional biliary stent placement) and extended group (undergoing enteral extended biliary stent placement). Propensity score was used to match the basic data of patients of the two groups. Then the stent patency time, bilirubin difference before and after 1 week operation, incidence of complications and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the 550 patients, clinical data of 20 cases were missing and 35 failed to be followed up. Finally, 326 patients were enrolled to the study after propensity score matching with 163 cases in each group. The patency time of extended group was 111.0 (82.0, 192.0) days, which was longer than that of conventional group with patency time of 93.0 (70.0, 141.8) days ( Z=3.260, P=0.001). Total bilirubin difference value of pre-operation and post-operation was less in extended group [51.2 (26.0, 114.7) μmol/L VS 46.0 (13.9, 81.1) μmol/L, Z=2.095, P=0.036]. The rate of early adverse events [4.3% (7/163) VS 3.7% (6/163), P=0.079] and median in-patient days (10.0 days VS 10.0 days, P=0.379) were similar in the two groups. Conclusion:Enteral extended biliary stent is effective and safe for treatment of biliary stricture, which can prolong the patency time without increasing postoperative complications and hospital stay.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of a flat ground exoskeleton robot in improving the walking ability of stroke survivors.Methods:Fifty-eight stroke survivors with mobility difficulties were randomly divided into a robot group ( n=29) and a control group ( n=29). In addition to routine rehabilitation, the control group received conventional walking training, while the robot group underwent exoskeleton robot-assisted gait training. The 30-minute training sessions were held twice a day, 5 days per week for 5 weeks. Before as well as after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, everyone′s walking ability was tested using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and functional ambulation scale (FAC). General lower limb motor function was quantified using the Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity assessment (FMA-LE). Moreover, gait analysis was conducted before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results:After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the average 6MWT times of both groups were significantly better than before the treatment, with the improvement of the robot group significantly greater than that of the control group after 2 weeks. After 2 and 4 weeks the average FMA-LE and FAC scores of both groups had improved significantly compared with before treatment. After 4 weeks the stride frequency and gait cycle of both groups had improved significantly.Conclusions:Exoskeleton robot-assisted gait training can improve walking ability and lower limb motor function of stroke survivors about as well as conventional walking training.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and genetic features of children with papillorenal syndrome caused by PAX2 gene mutation.Methods Clinical manifestations,imaging changes and sequencing data were collected and analyzed from a family with papillorenal syndrome who were diagnosed in Wuhan Children's Hospital in February 2018."PAX2","papillorenal syndrome" and "renal coloboma syndrome" were used as key words to search in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wangfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,PubMed and Human Gene Mutation Database up to April 2018.Results A ten years old girl was admitted due to "edema and urine output decreased for one week".Lab showed BUN 25.30 mmol/L,Scr 766.5 μmol/L,Urine protein 3.6 g/24 h.Imaging examination showed bilateral vesical and ureter reflux combined with left duplex kidney and duplication of ureter.Developmental dysplasia of the left hip was also found.The father of the patient had been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease for 10 years and on hemodialysis for 6 years.Next generation sequencing revealed that both the father and daughter carried a heterozygous nonsense mutation in the exon3 c.219C ＞ G(p.Y73X) of PAX2.No Chinese literature ever was reported about papillorenal syndrome.Ninety-four articles in English were retrieved and 177 patients with papillorenal syndrome were confirmed by gene analysis with a total of 92 PAX2 variants.Ten nonsense mutations had been reported.Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) never be reported before.Conclusion Papillorenal syndrome caused by PAX2 mutation can mainly manifest as abnormal development of both kidney and optic nerve,which may be accompanied by other systemic abnormalities,it is rarely reported in China.DDH may be a new phenotype of papillorenal syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate radiomics models based on non-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for differentiating chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated a total of 68 patients (including 27 with chondrosarcoma and 41 with enchondroma), who were randomly divided into training group (=46) and validation group (=22). Radiomics features were extracted from TWI and TWI-FS sequences of the whole tumor by two radiologists independently and selected by Low Variance, Univariate feature selection, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Radiomics models were constructed by multivariate logistic regression analysis based on the features from TWI and TWI-FS sequences. The receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses of the radiomics models and conventional MR imaging were performed to determine their diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: The ICC value for interreader agreement of the radiomics features ranged from 0.779 to 0.923, which indicated good agreement. Ten and 11 features were selected from the TWI and TWI-FS sequences to construct radiomics models, respectively. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of TWI and TWI-FS models were 0.990 and 0.925 in training group and 0.915 and 0.855 in the validation group, respectively, showing no significant differences between the two sequence-based models (>0.05). In all the cases, the AUCs of the two radiomics models based on TWI and TWI-FS sequences and conventional MR imaging were 0.955, 0.901 and 0.569, respectively, demonstrating a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy of the two sequence-based radiomics models than conventional MR imaging (<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The radiomics models based on TWI and TWI-FS non-enhanced MR imaging can be used for the differentiation of chondrosarcoma from enchondroma.
Chondroma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), the concentration of platelet and plasma, is rich of a variety of growth factors.It plays an important role in anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration, and has gradually been used in cosmetology in the recent years.This paper introduces the application of PRP in facial rejuvenation, acne and alopecia treatment, as well as improving the survival rate of autologous fat transplantation. The side effects and prospectives of PRP application in cosmetology were also summarized.

Compared to conventional cancer treatment, combination therapy based on well-designed nanoscale platforms may offer an opportunity to eliminate tumors and reduce recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we prepared multifunctional microspheres loading I-labeled hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles and paclitaxel (I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX) for imaging and therapeutics of W256/B breast tumors in rats. F-fluordeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging detected that the expansion of the tumor volume was delayed (<0.05) following intra-tumoral (i.t.) injection with I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX plus near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the anti-tumor effect. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/photoacoustic imaging mediated by I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX demonstrated that microspheres were mainly distributed in the tumors with a relatively low distribution in other organs. Our results revealed that I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX offered combined photothermal, chemo- and radio-therapies, eliminating tumors at a relatively low dose, as well as allowing SPECT/CT and photoacoustic imaging monitoring of distribution of the injected agents non-invasively. The copper sulfide-loaded microspheres, I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX, can serve as a versatile theranostic agent in an orthotopic breast cancer model.