We applied Demons and accelerated Demons elastic registration algorithm in radiotherapy cone beam CT (CBCT) images, We provided software support for real-time understanding of organ changes during radiotherapy. We wrote a 3D CBCT image elastic registration program using Matlab software, and we tested and verified the images of two patients with cervical cancer 3D CBCT images for elastic registration, based on the classic Demons algorithm, minimum mean square error (MSE) decreased 59.7%, correlation coefficient (CC) increased 11.0%. While for the accelerated Demons algorithm, MSE decreased 40.1%, CC increased 7.2%. The experimental verification with two methods of Demons algorithm obtained the desired results, but the small difference appeared to be lack of precision, and the total registration time was a little long. All these problems need to be further improved for accuracy and reducing of time.
Algorithms ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Software

This paper aimed to investigate the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium, and clarify the confusion of its classification. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA, the chloroplast matK gene of 22 samples from some major production areas were amplified and sequenced. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed using the CodonCode Aligner. Phylogenetic study was performed using MEGA 4.0 software in accordance with the Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) model, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining methods. The results showed that the length of ITS2 sequence of the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium was 191 bp. The sequence showed that some samples had several SNP sites, and some samples had heterozygosis sites. In the NJ tree, based on ITS2 sequence, the studied samples were separated into two groups, and one of them was gathered with Isatis tinctoria L. The studied samples also were divided into two groups obviously based on the chloroplast matK gene. In conclusion, our results support that the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium are Isatis indigotica Fortune, and Isatis indigotica and Isatis tinctoria are two distinct species. This study doesn't support the opinion about the combination of these two species in Flora of China.

Objective To investigate the tumor-inhibitory effect of cytokine-induced killer cells(CIK)co-cul-tured with dendritic cells (DC)pulsed by breast cancer stem cell antigen on the same tumor-bearing mice. Methods Breast cancer stem cells were isolated from the cell line of MCF-7/ADR and extract lyses antigen of the stem cell was saved. DC and CIK derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals were co-cultured and pulsed or un-pulsed by the above antigen lyses. This DC+CIK were injected to breast tumorbearing mice (BCSC-AP-DC+CIK group), and were used to compared with the common breast cancer cell antigen (rather than breast cancer stem cell antigen) pulsed DC+CIK group(AP-DC+CIK group), DC+CIK group, CIK CIK group and normal saline group(NS group). The tumor-inhibitory effect were evaluated and compared among all 5 groups through the tumor size, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling test (TUNEL), examining expression level of bcl-2 and bax by immunohistochemistry. Results The tumor size in each group before and after therapy and the tumor size after therapy between each group was of significant difference(P＜0.05). The maximum size is NS group(3.625±0.093)cm3 and BCSC-AP-DC+CIK group is minimum,which is (1.234±0.131)cm3. BC-SC-AP-DC+CIK group is of highest expression of bax and apoptotic index value, lowest bcl-2 expression in all 5 groups. Conclusion The CIK co-cultured with DC pulsed breast cancer stem cell antigen was more effective to induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells than those of CIK cells co-cultured with DC pulsed breast cancer cell antigen,CIK cells co-cultured with DC and CIK cells.

Objective To explore the effects of treating schizophrenia due to stagnation of phlegm and qi with Shugan-qingzhang formula. Methods 85 patients with schizophrenia were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group. The treatment group was treated with Shugan-qingzhang formula, and the control group was treated with oral risperidone. Clinical effects of both groups were evaluated by positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and symptom rating scale. Adverse drug reaction was evaluated by treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS). Results Score of PANSS was significantly changed after the treatment in both groups (F treatment group=4.86, t'treatment group= 17.88, v'treatment group=59, P treatment group＜0.01; F control group=4.27, t' control group=18.76, v' control group=59, P control group＜0.01); scores of PANSS in the treatment group were significantly better than the control group at the second and forth weak (F 2weeks= 1.02, t 2weeks=2.50, P 2weeks＜0.05; F 4weeks= 1.04, t 4weeks=3.55, P 4 weeks＜0.01), while no significant difference at the sixth week between the two groups (F=0.92, t=0.91, P＞0.05); There was no statistical difference of PANSS score between the two groups in terms of western medicine curative effects (x2=0.05, P＞0.05), but significant difference in terms of TCM curative effects (x2=36.26, P＜0.01); There was also statistic difference of adverse drug reaction between the two groups (x2= 8.17, P＜0.01). Conclusion Shugan-qingzhang formula can control symptoms of schizophrenia due to stagnation of phlegm and qi in a certain period.

FGFR2 plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation and FGFR2 gene has its own genetic polymorphism. It has recently been demonstrated that this genetic polymorphism is associated with risk of development of breast cancer and clinically pathological factors

This paper aimed to investigate the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium, and clarify the confusion of its classification. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA, the chloroplast matK gene of 22 samples from some major production areas were amplified and sequenced. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed using the CodonCode Aligner. Phylogenetic study was performed using MEGA 4.0 software in accordance with the Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) model, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining methods. The results showed that the length of ITS2 sequence of the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium was 191 bp. The sequence showed that some samples had several SNP sites, and some samples had heterozygosis sites. In the NJ tree, based on ITS2 sequence, the studied samples were separated into two groups, and one of them was gathered with Isatis tinctoria L. The studied samples also were divided into two groups obviously based on the chloroplast matK gene. In conclusion, our results support that the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium are Isatis indigotica Fortune, and Isatis indigotica and Isatis tinctoria are two distinct species. This study doesn't support the opinion about the combination of these two species in Flora of China.
Chloroplasts ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Genes, Plant ; genetics ; Isatis ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Species Specificity

Purpose:To improve the methads of approach in s urgery of esophageal cancer ,increase resection rate of esophagectomy, decrease the remnant cancer in margin and mortality after operation, enhance the postoper ative effect. Methods:From Jan.1999 to Dec. 2002,we adopted different surgica l approach as in esophagectomy in 297cases with esophageal cancer, such as left posterior thoracotomy(group I), left posterior thoracotomy with cervical incisi on (group Ⅱ),right anterior thoracotomy (group Ⅲ), right posterior thoracotomy (group Ⅳ). Results:The rate of operative resection was 98.7%(293/297)an d for groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ they were 98.2%(86/87)、98.1%(52/53)、98.5%(133/135) 、100%(22/22) respectively;operation-related mortality was 1.7%(5/297) and fo r groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ it was 2.3%(2/87)、1.9%(1/53)、0.75%(1/135)、4.5%(1/22) respectively;the occurrence of remnant cancer was 3.8%(11/293) and for groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ it was 4.7%(4/86)、3.8%(2/52)、2.6%(3/133)、9.1%(2/22) respective ly;the rate of postoperative complication was 12.8%(38/297) and for groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ it was 17.2%(15/87)、9.4%(5/53)、11.1%(15/135)、13.6%(3/22) respectiv ely. In the number of lymph node resected , there was statistical difference bet ween groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅰ, Ⅱ(P0.05).Conclusions:Right anterior thoracotomy, right posterior thoraco tomy were more satisfactory operative approaches in radical total thoracic esop hagectomy of esophageal carcinoma. Through these two approaches,we not only can resect mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes radically, but can also decrease t he cancer of at the margin and mortality after operation.

Objective To elevate accuracy of CT T4 staging diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma, we analysed relativity between CT diagnosis and postoperational pathology for the tracheal, bronchial, carinate early invasion. Methods From 1996 to 2002, 49 patients with cervical and middle-upper segment esophageal carcinoma proved by esophagectomy and pathology, whom were taken cervical or thoracic CT scaning before operation. Comparison was studied between postoperational pathology and CT diagnosis of tumor early invasion of the trachea, bronchus and carina. Results Of 49 patients with esophageal carcinoma, 21 lesions were in the cervical esophagus, out of 18 cases with tracheal early invasion performed by CT scaning, 14 cases comfirmed by postoperational pathology; 28 lesions in the middle-upper segment of thoracic esophagus, out of 17 cases with tracheal, bronchial or carinate early invasion diagnosed by CT scaning, 14 cases testified by postoperational pathology. Tracheal, bronchial and carinate early invasion of esophageal carcinoma proved by CT did not accord with postoperational pathology completely. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT diagnosis for the tracheal, bronchial and carinate early invasion of esophageal carcinoma were 93.3 %, 33.3 %, 76.2 % in cervical esophageal and 82.4 %, 72.7 %, 78.6 % in thoracic esophageal respectively. The contingency coefficients of preoperational CT scaning comparison with postoperational pathology are 0.52, 0.77 respectively. Conclusion Early invasion to the trachea, bronchus and carina identified by conventional CT procedure for patients with esophageal cancer was more accurate and specific in thoracic than that in cervical. Esophageal tumor early invasion to the trachea, bronchus and carina performed with CT corresponded to postoperational pathology in some measure. Operatablity did not completely depend on the invasion of the trachea, bronchus and carina of esophageal carcinoma performed with CT.

Objective To analyze the distribution of common pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance ,in children with bron‐chial pneumonia ,and provide reference for making antimicrobial treatment strategies .Methods 857 hospitalized pediatric patients with bronchopneumonia from January to December 2014 were enrolled in the study ,bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test were performed ,and the results were analyzed .Results In the 857 pdiatric patients ,the positive rate was 36 .87% (316/857) .A‐mong them ,175 cases were gram positive bacteria(20 .42% ) ,141 cases were gram negative bacteria(16 .45% ) ,140 cases were Streptococcus pneumoniae(16 .34% ) ,70 cases were Haemophilus influenzae(8 .17% ) .The susceptibility of Streptococcus pneu‐moniae to penicillin with enzyme inhibitors ,levofloxacin and vancomycin was the highest(higher than 90 .00% ) ,followed by the third generation cephalosporin(non meningitis) ,to which the sensitivity rate were above 80 .00% .The susceptibility of Haemophi‐lus influenzae to the third generation cephalosporins ,ampicillin/Sulbactam ,levofloxacin and imipenem were the highest(more than 90 .00% ) ,while the resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole was 80 .00% .Conclusion Gram positive bacteria are the most im‐portant pathogenic bacteria ,and Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacteria in bronchopneumonia .In clinical treatment , the results of drug sensitivity test should be paid attention to ,so as to adjust the treatment plan and achieve the ideal effect .

The spindle assembly checkpoint ( SAC) is an important monitoring mechanism to monitor the connection between centromeres and microtubules and to ensure proper chromosome separation in human .Mitotic arrest defective protein(Mad)family,as an important part of SAC,plays a crucial role in the process of mitosis. Mutations or altered expressions of Mad may lead to abnormal separations of chromosomes and play a partial role in tumorigenesis ,poor prognosis and chemotherapy drug resistance .