Objective To evaluate the efficacy of tolterodine in preventing bladder spasm during the operation to BPH.Methods One hundred and twelve cases of BPH patients were randomized to two groups:56 cases in one group were prescribed tolterodine 4-5 d before operation and 3-4 d after operation (2 mg twice daily),another 56 cases did not take any anti-spasm drugs.The bladder spasm occurring or not,frequency and continuing time of bladder were evaluated and recorded.Results In the controlling group:the non bladder spasm in 12.5% (7/56),mild bladder spasm in 14.3% (8/56),severe bladder spasm in 73.3% (41/56),In the treatment group:non bladder spasm in 87.5% (49/ 56),mild bladder spasm in 8.9% (5/56),severe bladder spasm in 3.6% (2/56).There was signifi-cant difference between the 2 groups (P<0.001).Conclusion Tolterodine could alleviate bladder spasm around the operation to BPH.

Objective To investigate the expression of CRKL in thyroid papillary micro-carcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods 120 patients with thyroid tissue specimens were collected,in which 30 cases of diam-eter >1 cm of papillary thyroid carcinoma,30 cases of thyroid papillary micro-carcinoma,30 cases of nodular goiter, 30 cases for specimen of thyroid disease patients without diabetes.Immunohistochemical(SP)method was used to de-tect samples in CRKL expression.Results In thyroid papillary micro-carcinoma and thyroid papillary cancer group, CRKL expression positive rates were 30.12% and 29.87% respectively,which were higher than that of nodular goiter and normal thyroid group 30.03% and 28.57%(χ2 =52.102,P <0.05);The average absorbance(A)value in thy-roid papillary micro-carcinoma and thyroid papillary carcinoma group which were respectively (0.516 ±0.100)and (0.496 ±0.201),were higher than that in nodular goiter and normal thyroid group (0.246 ±0.050)and (0.117 ±0.015),the difference was statistically significant(F =149.105,P <0.05).Conclusion CRKL is highly expressed in papillary thyroid micro-carcinoma and the clinical detection of CRKL is helpful to determine the surgical plan for papillary thyroid micro-carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of only paroxetine vs. paroxetine combined with alprazolam in the treatment of diabetes complicated with anxiety and depression. METHODS:Totally 86 patients with diabetes complicated with anxi-ety and depression were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The patients in observation group were given paroxetine 20 mg,qd,and alprazolam 0.4 mg,tid;patients in control group were given paroxetine alone. The treatment course lasted for 8 weeks in 2 groups. The clinical data was compared,including fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial glucose (2 h PG),glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),cortisol,adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels and scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD). The adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,FP-BG,2 h PG,HbA1c,cortisol,ACTH levels and scores of HAMA and HAMD in observation group were significantly lower than control group,with significant difference(P<0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Compared with paroxetine alone,paroxetine combined with alprazolam can improve more in blood glucose,endocrine levels and adverse mood symptoms in the treatment of diabetes complicated with anxiety and de-pression,with similar safety.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of food allergy in Asian patients with allergic rhinitis. Study Design: A non-randomized prospectively collected patients over a three year period, with complaints of nose congestion, rhinorrhea and/or nasal discharge. Results: There were 435 patients enrolled, 213 children and 222 adults. The children group had a high prevalence of allergen specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteryonysinus (70%), Dermatophagoides farina (69%), and Blomia tropicalis (55%); followed by dogs (32%), cats (19%) and cockroaches (19%). In the children food allergy category, the top three allergens were egg white (54%), milk (31%) and soya bean (13%). The adult group had results of Dermatophagoides pteryonysinus (71%), Dermatophagoides farina (72%), and Blomia tropicalis (59%); the adult food allergy category, the top 3 allergens were egg white (13%), milk (6%) and soya bean (5%). There was a statistically significant difference in the child and adult group for Dust, D. pteryonysinus, D. farina, B.tropicalis, egg white, wheat, gluten and soya bean. In the age specific child groups, there was an increased in egg food allergy levels, with a peak at the age of five-nine years old and decreasing thereafter (p=0.04). In the children group, the mean Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) was 10.3 (range of 7 to 13); the adult group was similar, with a mean TNSS of 9.8 (range 5 to 12). Conclusion: The prevalence of food allergy in paediatric patients with allergic rhinitis is fairly high and should be considered when treating these children.

BACKGROUND: Artificial nerve grafts of human hair keratin are a kind of biological products. It has low antigenicity,absorbability and stimulation to nerve fiber growth following specific biochemistry. It is hoped to have better effect than otherartificial nerve grafts.　 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anatomy and histocompatibility of artificial nerve grafts of the human-hair keratin, and toobserve its effects on the repair of peripheral nerves. 　 DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled, animal experiment. The study was performed at the Animal CentralLaboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College between November 2006 and June 2008. MATERIALS: Artificial nerve grafts of human hair keratin is a compound of human hair processed by specific controlledbiochemistry based on ground substance, embedded with a layer of biological membrane. It has low antigenicity, absorbabilityand stimulation to nerve fiber growth following specific biochemistry. METHODS: Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sciatic nerve, 10 mm, was removed andtransplanted with human-hair keratin graft, skeletal muscle and untreated hair, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The characteristics of histomorphology and anatomy were observed at 8, 12, 24 weeks afterthe surgery. RESULTS: White tissues appeared between the broken ends of the sciatic nerve at 8 post-operative week in the graft group,and appeared in the graft space in human-hair keratin at the 12th week. At the 24th week, a large amount of infantile myelinatednerve fibers were observed under optical microscope regenerating around the human hair, which was partially degraded andabsorbed. Schwann cells were observed under an electron microscope and myelinization. 　 CONCLUSION: The artificial nerve grafts of the human-hair keratin are well compatible with the body tissues, and couldinduce nerve regeneration.

BACKGROUND:microRNA-17 is confirmed to play an important role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. Some research has shown that hypoxia-induced proliferation in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle celldepends on the induction of arginase II. There is no report about whether there is some interaction between microRNA-17 and arginase II in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the possible interactions between microRNA-17 and arginase II in hypoxic human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
METHODS:Passage 4 human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were cultured in 21%O 2 and 5%CO 2 (normoxia) or 1%O 2 and 5%CO 2 (hypoxia), and then transfected with mimic or inhibitor of microRNA-17 or arginase II-smal interfering RNA. RNA, microRNA and protein were isolated separately. Expression of microRNA-17 and arginase II was detected with real-time quantitative PCR and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The level of microRNA-17 was significantly increased in cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells exposed to 1%O 2 hypoxia, as was arginase II mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, inhibition of microRNA-17 expression decreased the mRNA and protein levels of arginase II in the human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under hypoxia. Conversely, over-expression of microRNA-17 increased the mRNA and protein levels of arginase II in the human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under normoxia and hypoxia. Knockdown of arginase II by siRNA abolished the hypoxia-induced up-regulation of microRNA-17 expression. These findings indicate that arginase II is a target gene of microRNA-17 and can regulate the expression of microRNA-17 in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common activity limitition of children, their movement and posture impairments persist throughout whole life.In recent years, CP has been significantly increasing with the improved survival rate of newborns.This may lead to a great burden and costs to both the family and the society.A variety of risk factors have been proposed to be associated with CP.However, recent abroad researches indicate that genetic factors may predispose to CP of newborns and initial results of related researches infer that several susceptibility genes may contribute to CP's development, masqueraders have a great impact on CP's clinical symptoms.Now, the recent publications related to virulence genes and masqueraders of CP are reviewed.

Objective To compare the efficiency and safety of regimens of empiric antibiotic therapy in neutropenic hematological maligence patients.Methods The clinical data of empiric antibiotic therapy for 260 febrile episodes in 125 neutropenic hematological maligence patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 45 febrile episodes were treated with tazocin plus amikacin(regimen TA).80 episodes were treated with ceftazidime plus amikacin(regimen CA),75 episodes with imipenem plus amikacin(regimen IA) and 60 episodes with maxipime plus amikacin(regimen MA).The medians of initial therapy in each regimen were 7～8 days.Percentage of satisfactory response had no significant difference in episodes treated with regimens TA,IA and MA(65%,70% and 79% respectively),and it was better than regimen CA(P

Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; physiology ; Progesterone ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Trachea ; drug effects

BACKGROUND: Reports regarding adipose-derived stern cells (ADSCs) differentiation into dopaminergic (DN) neurons are few in addition, there is not experimental evidence of the effect of ADSCs on maintaining the survival of DN neurons.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of glial cell-derived neurokophic factor (GDNF)-modified adipose-derived stem cells on survival of DN neurons under co-cultured condition.DESIGN, TIME AND SETrlNG: The in vitro cytology experiment was conducted at the Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Ministry of Education between March and December 2007.MATERIALS: Wistar rats with 3-weeks-old, or 14 days of pregnancy were provided by Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University.METHODS: The GDNF recombinant adenovirus was constructed by using pAdTrackCMV and pAdEasy-1 system. DN neurons were obtained from the rostral mesencaphalic tegmentum of Wistar rat embryos by using trypsin and collagenase method. ADSCs isolated from rat inguinal fat pads were digested with collagenase Ⅱ, cultured and passaged in vitro. When the cells reached 60% cenfluency at the 3rd passage, cells were transfectad with 1×109vp/mL of Ad-GDNF for 1 hour and then transferred into growth medium for another 24 hours, and GDNF level in cell supematant was detected by ELISA assay. Meanwhile, the co-cultured of ADSCs and DN neurons were carried out for following 7 days. With GFP-modified ADSCs was served as a control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of co-cultured condition on the survival of DN neurons, as well as the differentiation of GDNF-modified ADSCs was detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS: GDNF appeared in ADSCs supematant at 24 hours after Ad-GDNF transfection and reached a peak at 72 hours.There was approximately 80% GFP-positive labeled in ADSCs. The tyrosinase hydroxylase staining results demonstrated that the rate of survival DN neurons were significantly increased than in DA neurons cultured alone, co-cultured group of GFP-modified ADSCs and GDNF-modified ADSCs groups (55%, 15%, 25%, P < 0.01). However, there were no co-expressing TH and GFP positive cells appeared at 7 days of co-culture, which indicated that the co-cultured condition was not available to ADSCs differentiation.CONCLUSION: The co-cultured of GDNF modified ADSCs and DN neurons can promote the survival and growth of cultured DN neurons, however, it can not induce ADSCs differentiate into DN neurons.