1.Research progress on early warning model of influenza.
Xing Xing ZHANG ; Lu Zhao FENG ; Sheng Jie LAI ; Li Bing MA ; Ting ZHANG ; Jin YANG ; Qing WANG ; Wei Zhong YANG
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;56(11):1576-1583
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. It usually exhibits seasonal transmission, but the novel influenza strain can lead to a pandemic with severe human health and socioeconomic consequences. Early warning of influenza epidemic is an important strategy and means for influenza prevention and control. On the basis of reviewing the main influenza surveillance and early warning systems, this study summarizes the principles, applications, advantages and disadvantages, and development prospects of common influenza early warning models, in order to provide reference for research and application of early warning technology for influenza and other acute respiratory infectious diseases.
Humans
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Influenza, Human/epidemiology*
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Pandemics/prevention & control*
3.Advantages and limitations of COVID-19 detection techniques.
Lishan ZHANG ; Zhongzheng CHEN ; Zhikun LIANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2022;38(9):3141-3156
The occurrence and persistent pandemic of 2019 coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), caused by the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has taken a big toll on global public health. The development of virus detection techniques and its application played an important role in health management, including screening, identification and treatment of patients, and slowing down the spread of virus. This review briefly summarizes the biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, and introduces in detail the SARS-CoV-2 detection techniques developed and used worldwide. Perspectives on the follow-up development of virus detection techniques were presented, with the aim to facilitate medical diagnosis, public health protection, disease prevention and control.
COVID-19/diagnosis*
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Humans
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Pandemics/prevention & control*
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SARS-CoV-2
4.Improvement of China's legal system for public health emergency management from the perspective of lifecycle management.
Kai Yuan CHEN ; Chen Guang WANG ; Yi ZHANG ; Rong Xin HE ; Jin Yu HE ; Ji Ming ZHU ; Wan Nian LIANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2023;44(5):689-693
A crucial lesson gained through the pandemic preparedness and response to COVID-19 is that all measures for epidemic control must be law-based. The legal system is related not only to public health emergency management per se but also to all aspects of the institutional supporting system throughout the lifecycle. Based on the lifecycle emergency management model, this article analyses the problems of the current legal system and the potential solutions. It is suggested that the lifecycle emergency management model shall be followed to establish a more comprehensive public health legal system and to gather the intelligence and consensus of experts with different expertise, including epidemiologists, sociologists, economists, jurist and others, which will collaboratively promote the science-based legislation in the field of epidemic preparedness and response for the establishment of a comprehensive legal system for public health emergency management and with Chinese characteristics.
Humans
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China
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Pandemics/prevention & control*
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Public Health
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Emergencies
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Disaster Planning
6.Feasibility of coronavirus disease 2019 eradication.
Ya-Li ZHENG ; Yu-Kun HE ; Xin-Qian MA ; Zhan-Cheng GAO
Chinese Medical Journal 2020;133(12):1387-1389
7.Prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in clinical laboratories: implementation of contingency plan and postpandemic response strategies.
Jianfeng HANG ; Zhaohui SUN ; Linhai LI
Journal of Southern Medical University 2020;40(4):606-608
The outbreak of COVID-19 has currently been under control in China, but now the disease has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. We formulated a prevention and control plan for clinical laboratories responsible for detection of the novel coronavirus infection. We analyzed the implementation of this plan and the problems arising from its clinical practice. We found that the layout of most clinical laboratories (including gene amplification laboratories for clinical samples) was inadequate in response to a major outbreak and did not meet the requirements for biosafety protection and etiology and serology testing; and laboratory staff showed insufficiencies in their awareness regarding biosafety protection; the functions and status of the laboratory in the fever clinic need to be enhanced to increase its detection capacity; the high density of military personnel, the low level of automation of clinical laboratory equipment, and the lack of biosafety cabinets and personal protective equipment all limit the performance of diverse military operations and major overseas missions. In view of these problems, we propose the following strategies and recommendations: the clinical laboratory needs to standardize the design and staff management according to the standards of P2 laboratory; the detection capacity and staffing of fever clinic laboratory in hospitals need to be strengthened, and a separate clinical gene amplification laboratory can be optimal; for those clinical gene amplification laboratories that fail to meet these standards, reconstruction and upgrade should be made according to the requirements of biosafety protection; for the clinical laboratory in the military medical system, in addition to enforcement of biological safety protection of the staff, sufficient supply of medical materials and biological safety equipment should be ensured and biological safety cabinets should be routinely equipped if possible.
Betacoronavirus
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China
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Coronavirus Infections
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prevention & control
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Humans
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Pandemics
;
prevention & control
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Pneumonia, Viral
;
prevention & control
8.Roles of the public-facility-turned temporary hospital in prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China and clinical experience in the hospital.
Chuan WEN ; Ji-Dong TIAN ; Min XIE ; Jun-Mei XU
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2020;22(5):409-413
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, the public-facility-turned temporary hospital (PFTH) has played an important role in preventing the spread of the epidemic. Wuchang PFTH is the first one to put into clinical practice and the last one suspended in Wuhan. The National Emergency Medical Rescue Team of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, together with other 13 medical teams (841 medical staff in total), have fulfilled the task for the treatment of non-severe COVID-19 patients, without any medical staff infected. The first author of the article was the only pediatrician working in the Wuchang PFTH. The author describes and summarizes the features/functions, management/operations, and advantages/challenges of the PFTH, in order to provide reference for medical institutions and relevant departments to deal with public health emergencies.
Betacoronavirus
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China
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Coronavirus Infections
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prevention & control
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Hospitals
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Humans
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Pandemics
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prevention & control
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Pneumonia, Viral
;
prevention & control
9.Efficacy of personal protective equipment to prevent environmental infection of COVID-19 among healthcare workers: a systematic review.
Sani Rachman SOLEMAN ; Zhaoqing LYU ; Takuya OKADA ; Mariko Harada SASSA ; Yukiko FUJII ; Manal A M MAHMOUD ; Daniel K EBNER ; Kouji H HARADA
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2023;28():1-1
BACKGROUND:
Healthcare workers (HCWs) employed personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, crucial to protecting themselves from infection. To highlight the efficacy of PPE in preventing environmental infection among HCWs, a systematic review was conducted in line with PRISMA guidance.
METHODS:
A search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted from January 2019 to April 2021 using pre-defined search terms. Articles were screened by three researchers. The approved papers were read in full and included in this review if relevance was mutually agreed upon. Data were extracted by study design and types of PPEs.
RESULTS:
47 of 108 identified studies met the inclusion criteria, with seven reviews and meta-analyses, seven cohort, nine case-control, fifteen cross-sectional studies, four before and after, four case series, and one modeling studies. Wearing PPE offered COVID-19 protection in HCWs but required adequate training. Wearing surgical masks provided improved protection over cloth masks, while the benefit of powered air-purifying respirators is less clear, as are individual gowns, gloves, and/or face shields.
CONCLUSIONS
Wearing PPE, especially facial masks, is necessary among HCWs, while training in proper use of PPE is also important to prevent COVID-19 infection.
Humans
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COVID-19/prevention & control*
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Pandemics/prevention & control*
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Personal Protective Equipment
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Health Personnel
10.Progress in the practice of surveillance and early warning of infectious diseases in major countries and regions.
Shuo HUANG ; Cai Xiong LIU ; Yuan DENG ; Cui Hong ZHANG ; Si Meng FAN ; Jian Dong ZHENG ; Li Ping WANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2022;43(4):591-597
The COVID-19 pandemic is yet another reminder that the threat of infectious disease has never really gone away. As the cornerstone of preventing and controlling infectious diseases, effective surveillance and early warning are of great significance in understanding the outbreak and epidemic of specific infectious diseases and putting forward effective prevention and control measures. Therefore, we must continue strengthening the construction of infectious disease surveillance and early warning system. We reviewed the surveillance and early warning practices of infectious diseases in major countries and regions, then discussed the development direction in the field of surveillance and early warning of infectious diseases to provide the reference for strengthening the construction and capacity of infectious disease surveillance and early warning system in China.
COVID-19
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China/epidemiology*
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Communicable Diseases/epidemiology*
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Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control*
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Humans
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Pandemics/prevention & control*