Differed from the elderly patients with lung cancer,the younger patients with lung cancer,less than 50 years old,present unique clinical features.Recently,the incidence of lung cancer in young people has shown a rising trend,making the research on this field more valuable.At present,molecular targeted therapy is one of the most popular areas of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and researches are focused on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK).In addition,the previous researches revealed the differences between the young and elderly patients with lung cancer on molecular genetics and prognosis,so the researches on prognostic factors for young patients with lung cancer are of great clinical significance.The present paper will focus on the aspects of pathogenesis,molecular genetics and prognosis in young patients with lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate pulmonary fungal infection spectrum and its resistance in older COPD patients with mechanical ventilation.METHODS Retrospective study were performed in 67 cases of COPD patients with mechanical ventilation treatment who were admitted to our ICU from Jan 2004 to Doc 2007.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was cultured,differentiation and antifungal susceptilibity testing were taken.RESULTS Seventy-eight fungi strains were cultured in 78 cases,among them,41 strains were Candida albicans(52.56%),14 of C.tropicalis,9 of C.krusei,5 of C.parapsilosis,7 of yeast-like fungi and 2 of Aspergillus.CONCLUSIONS There were increasing fungal infection rate in older COPD patients with mechanical ventilation and C.albicans is still the most frequent type.The resistance to triazole antifungal drug is also increasing.

History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Neurosurgery ; history ; Philately ; United States

Asthenospermia accounts for about 30% of the causes of male infertility. Currently, most drugs for asthenospermia lack specificity and desirable therapeutic efficiency. An insight into the pathogenesis of asthenospermia is important for the development of specific therapies for this disease. The protein Na+/K(+)- ATPase α4 isoform (NKA4) presents in both mature testis tissue and the sperm tail, the absence or reduced activity of which may significantly decrease sperm motility. Ouabain is a natural inhibitor of NKA4, suppressing its activity by specifically binding the ouabain site in it. The hypothalamus and adrenal cortex excrete an ouabain-like steroid hormone called endogenous ouabain (EO), which may be associated with the pathogenesis of asthenospermia by inhibiting the activity of NKA4, affecting Na+/H+ exchange, Na+/Ca2+ exchange and sperm cell membrane potential, and eventually reducing sperm motility.
Asthenozoospermia ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Ouabain ; chemistry ; Protein Isoforms ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Sperm Motility ; Sperm Tail ; Spermatozoa ; Testis

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Pneumoconiosis ; rehabilitation ; Treatment Outcome

Tumor vaccine is one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in tumor immunotherapy. It promotes the antigen presentation process by delivering tumor antigen and then activates the anti-tumor immune response. As a new class of vaccines, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines can activate the immune system to achieve the purpose of immunotherapy by delivering the mRNA sequence of a specific antigen into the body and expressing the corresponding antigen protein. Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines have the advantages of a short production cycle, high effectiveness, and strong immunogenicity. In recent years, the application of mRNA vaccines in tumor immunotherapy has attracted widespread attention, but the instability and low delivery efficiency of mRNA limit its application. Nano delivery system can effectively solve the problem of mRNA vaccine delivery, greatly promote the research process and clinical application of mRNA tumor vaccines, and has become a hot spot in the research of mRNA vaccines. In this review, we introduced the mRNA tumor vaccines, focusing on the application of nano delivery system in mRNA tumor vaccines, in order to provide new ideas and new methods for the efficient delivery of mRNA tumor vaccines and tumor immunotherapy.

The Polarographic and voltammetric behavior of Cd (Ⅱ)-meso-tetrakis(p-sulfophenyl)prophyrin (TPPS4） complex was defined and the cyclic voltammetric peak was obtained at 1.200 V (vs. SCE) in 0.3 mol/L NaoH solution. The characteristics of the peak have been examined in detail and the experimental results prove that the peak has adsorption properties. In addition to the number of electrons transferred in the reaction and the complex ratio, the stability const ant (β=1.19×107) was calculated. The peak current was proportional to the concentration of Cd (Ⅱ) over the rang 3×10－7～1×10－5 mol/L and the limit of detection was 6×10－8 mol/L. Furthermore a possible mechanism was proposed for the reduction of the complex.

RAPD analysis of eight soy sauce strains isolated from commercial soy sauce koji was done with random primers,using Aspergillus oryzae AS3.951 and Aspergillus sojae AS3.495 as controls.Six appropriate primers(Primer1,Primer5,Primer6,Primer7,Primer8,Primer9)for RAPD-PCR were screened from nine random primers,and repetitive experiments demonstrated that their RAPD-PCR polymorphic patterns were stable.There were usually 4～8 bands in their RADP-PCR patterns,where the number of the main bands was 1～4 and the secondary bands were abundant.The phylogenetic tree of these strains was reconstructed according to their RAPD-PCR patterns,and it basically corresponded to traditional morphological taxology,demonstrating that the application of RAPD molecular marker in the phylogenetic analysis of soy sauce strains was feasible.

Biodegradable PLGA [poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid)] have shown significant potential for sustained and targeted delivery of several pharmaceutical agents, including DNA. We reviewed the formulating approaches of PLGA nanoparticles/microspheres as DNA carriers and utilization for gene therapy and vaccine adjuvant.

Objective To investigate the application of a new type internal anastomotic appliance of pouch pliers in the retention of anus operation of mesal,low rectal carcinoma.Methods The data of 65 patients with mesal,low rectal carcinoma with the technique of the anal retention using KYGW type anastomotic appliance of pouch pliers were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results 65 patients were coincided success only one time. Anastomotic fistula occurred after operation in 1 case,being cured and discharged at last,no anastomotic stricture. Conclusion The internal anastomotic appliance of pouch pliers in the anal retention of mesal-low rectal carcinoma is an efficient method with better cost-effectiveness and fewer complications,which is easy to manipulate and popular- ize.