OBJECTIVE:To detect the insoluble particles in six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections. METHODS: The insoluble particles in six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections were detected by light blockage method specified in China Pharmacopeia (2005 edition). RESULTS: Insoluble particles of different size and number were noted in all the 6 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections. CONCLUSION:It is necessary to tighten control on the quality of traditional Chinese medicine injections and attach great importance to the monitoring of insoluble particles in drug use.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of Scutellarin content in Kang’aiping pills. METHODS: The chromatographic separation was performed on DiamondTM C18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water-acetic acid glacial(20∶80∶1) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. The column temperature was set at 45 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 335 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of scutellarin was 0.267 5～2.140 0 ?g(r=0.999 9) and the recovery rate was 98.33%(RSD=1.34%,n=6).CONCLUSION: This method is simple, practicable, accurate and reliable, and it can be used for the quality control of Kang’aiping pills.

In the past decades, genetic lesions, aberrant epigenetic modifications, progenitor colonies formations and cell cycle distribution have been the focus of studies on the pathogenesis of primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The relative results showed that PMF is a clonal proliferative disease of hematopoietic stem cells. Now it is defined that primary myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are chronic myeloprolfferative neoplasmas(CMPN).

Objective To investigate the impacts of Xuebijing injection on systemic inflammatory response and immune function of patients with acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted. Forty patients with severe AECOPD were divided into control group and Xuebijing group in accordance with the random number table, each group 20 cases. Both groups were treated by routine conventional basic therapy of severe AECOPD including anti-infection, phlegm-expelling formula, bronchodilators and mechanical ventilation, etc, while in Xuebijing group, intravenous drip of Xuebijing (100 mg, twice a day for 5 days) was additionally used. The changes of data of arterial blood gas analysis, blood routine examination, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), immune function, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation system Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score before and after therapy were observed and compared between the two groups. The length of stay in hospital, duration of mechanical ventilation, and prognosis were also compared between the two groups. Besides, according to the difference in APACHE Ⅱ score, all the patients were divided into APACHEⅡscore≥15 score group (18 cases) and APACHEⅡscore<15 score group (22 cases), and the immune function were compared between the two groups. Results ①The immune function was descended and disordered in patients with severe AECOPD. Compared with the < 15 score group, the expressions of CD45+, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, B-lymphocyte, natural killer cell (NK cell) in ≥ 15 score group were significantly lowered [CD45+(×106/L):663.92±100.61 vs. 1 289.92±169.38, CD3+(×106/L):342.05±108.93 vs. 882.37±172.56, CD4+(×106/L):205.96±63.97 vs. 486.24±108.64, CD4+/CD8+ratio:0.76±0.49 vs. 1.32±0.57, B-lymphocyte (×106/L):124.77±32.72 vs. 166.06±48.02, NK cells (×106/L): 186.47±39.57 vs. 243.51±44.72, all P < 0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of CD8+ between the ≥ 15 score group and < 15 score group (P > 0.05). ② Compared with those before therapy, the pH value, oxygenation index, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), white blood cell count (WBC), CRP, PCT were significantly improved after therapy in both control and Xuebijing groups. Compared with those in the control group, WBC, CRP, PCT were significantly lowered in Xuebijing group [WBC (×109/L): 10.29±3.83 vs. 12.69±3.42, CRP (mg/L): 9.06±4.19 vs. 15.26±4.22, PCT (ng/L): 0.18±0.21 vs. 0.42±0.24, all P < 0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in pH value, oxygenation index and PaCO2 between two groups (all P>0.05). The degrees of improvement of CD45+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were more remarkable in Xuebijing group after treatment than those in control group [CD45+ (×106/L): 1 079.38±153.86 vs. 1 015.63±157.11, CD3+ (×106/L): 652.05±100.05 vs. 596.81±106.85, CD4+ (×106/L): 358.92±67.53 vs. 329.99±72.61, CD8+ (×106/L): 205.73±35.19 vs. 230.41±39.74, CD4+/CD8+ratio: 2.16±0.63 vs. 1.52±0.54, all P < 0.05]. The B-lymphocyte and NK cell before treatment and after treatment showed no statistical significant differences between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the duration of mechanical ventilation (hours: 56.25±22.87 vs. 69.45±26.59) and the length of stay in hospital (days: 11.00±0.74 vs. 14.00±2.06) were shortened, and APACHE Ⅱ score was significantly lowered in Xuebijing group (8.21±2.97 vs. 12.08±3.12, P < 0.05). The numbers of multiple organ failure and dead patients in Xuebijing group were less than those of control group, but no statistical significant differences were found (both P > 0.05). Conclusion Xuebijing injection for treatment of patients with severe AECOPD can ameliorate inflammatory response, improve immune function, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of stay in hospital, and decrease the risk of death.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a kind of genetic heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder.Although there were improvements in the outcomes of selected younger patients and those with specific cytogenetic and molecular genetic characteristics,the overall survival for older patients remains dismal.In the last few years,next-generation sequencing technologies have identified recurrent mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the epigenetic regulation of transcription in most patients with AML.This discovery has led to new insights into the role of the epigenome in AML and opens the possibility of epigenetically targeted therapies.This article will review the most important recurrent mutations in epigenetic regulatory genes and highlight the current and future treatment strategies that attempt to exploit epigenetic targets with the use of hypomethylating agents,which were reported on the 56th American Society of Hematology annual congress in 2014.

Platelets are pivotal effect cells in hemostasis.Important advances have been achieved in the area of platelet functions in inflammation.This review focuses on the nontraditional functions of platelets particularly to the inflammatory activities.

Objective To investigate the association of complement C1q polymorphism with the susceptibility to lupus nephritis (LN) in the people of Wuhan district,Hubei province, China. Methods The polymorphie frequency at C1q region of accommodation Aexon2, Bexonl,Bexon2,Cexon2 in 30 LN patients,20 non-LN nephropathy controls and 10 healthy controls were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)and then the sequence of mutational site was detected directly.Association of C1q polymorphism with LN was analyzed by chi-square criterion. Results Already repoaed mutable points oversea,such as C1qAexon2:C→T,C1qBexon1:G→A,C1qBexon2:G→A,C1q Cexon2:C deletion,in C1q region of accommodation were not detected in 30 LN patients,20 nonLN nephropathy controls and 10 healthy controls. Conclusion Polymorphism in the regulatory region of C1q region of accommodation is not associated with the susceptibility to LN in the people of Wuhan district,Hubei province,China,which may be influenced by a small number of subjects.

Great advances have been made in understanding the genesis,diagnosis,risk stratification and the targeted therapy of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in the past decade.This article reviews the current situation in the genesis,diagnosis and risk stratification of these classic bcr-abl-negative MPNs presented in the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.

Primary myelofibrosis is a kind of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms.The discovery of the JAK2V617F mutation as well as other molecular abnormlities underly the pathogenesis of Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).The initial description of JAK2V617F mutation in 2005,the reporting of calreticulin (CALR) mutations last year and the clinical application of JAK inhibitors,showed the gradually deepening understanding with regard to the pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies for primary myelofibrosis (PMF).This article reviewed the progress in diagnosis,risk stratification of of PMF,the benefits and potential side effect of JAK inhibitors,which reported on the 2014 European Hematology Association annual congress.

Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on interleuk-1β( IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) in diabetes rats induced by Streptozotocin ( STZ) , to explore the possible mechanisms of berberine on diabetic peripheral neuropathy . Methods Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal group , diabetic peripheral neu-ropathy group, berberine (100 mg/kg) group, berberine (187.5 mg/kg) group.The diabetic rat modes were i.p.injected with 1%STZ for two weeks, the rats were treated for 8 weeks respectively with berber-ine.The contents of IL-1βand TNF-αand hs-CRP in the serum and sciatic nerve were determined respec-tively by ELISA .Results The concentration of IL-1βand TNF-αand hs-CRP dropped obviously compared to DPN group ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion It is suggested that berberine could possess the functions of de-creasing inflammatory mediator , antagonizing inflammatory reaction .Its therapeutic mechanism might be correlated with the improvement of inflammatory condition of diabetic rats ,and the promotion of sensitivity of insulin signal transduction in target tissues .