Metabolic syndrome (MS)is a clinical syndrome featured by glucose and lipid metabolic disorders,hyper- tension and obesity etc.,whose key links are insulin resistance and abdominal obesity.MS is closely related with cor- onary atherosclerosis,every link of MS can lead to occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.The present arti- cle mainly stated research progress of the correlation between MS and coronary atherosclerosis in recent years.

To study the effect of nursing intervention on the incidences of complications caused by intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods One hundred and fifty two inpatients of intracere-bral hemorrhage were randomly divided into nursing intervention group and control group. The effects of the two groups were compared. Results The control group was higher than the nursing intervention group on the incidences of complications in constipation and hypostatic pneumonia and the average inpa-tient days(P

Overgrowth in children and adolescents are not rare.The cause of overgrowth includes physiological and pathological growth accelerating.Physiological overgrowth contains familial tall stature and obesity.Pathological o-vergrowth includes endocrine metabolism diseases,chromosomal abnormalities,and a variety of genetic syndromes.Most patients were neglected.The standardized diagnosis and treatment for overgrowth is especially essential.In this review, the etiology and the progress of diagnosis and treatment for overgrowth were concluded in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND:Concerning the problem of the ruptured phenomenon in clinic work of HL-1 and HL-2 Buccal Multiloops removable appliance, we invented HL-3 Buccal Multiloops.
OBJECTIVE:Through the Buccal Multiloops Fatigue Testing Machine which can imitate oral movements, to compare the fatigue strength of the HL-2 and HL-3 Buccal Multiloops in the same condition.
METHODS:A pair of the HL-2 or HL-3 Buccal Multiloops with the completely symmetrical size, symmetrical height and symmetrical direction was fixed on the Buccal Multiloops Fatigue Testing Machine which could simulate oral movements, then keep the Buccal Multiloops Fatigue Testing Machine working until any Buccal Multiloops broke. The cyclic loading times of this pair Buccal Multiloops was recorded. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the appearance of broken end of the Buccal Multiloops.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cyclic loading times of HL-3 Buccal Multiloops were more than HL-2 Buccal Multiloops (P < 0.01), suggesting that HL-3 Buccal Multiloops has stronger fatigue strength than HL-2 Buccal Multiloops. Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the fractures of HL-2 and HL-3 Buccal Multiloops al had the typical fatigue fracture morphology, indicating that the rupture of HL-2 and HL-3 Buccal Multiloops belongs to fatigue fracture. However, HL-3 Buccal Multiloops exhibited bigger crack compared with HL-2 Buccal Multiloops, the presence of running-in region, suggesting that HL-3 Buccal Multiloops reduced the probability of fatigue fracture and prolonged the time of fatigue fracture.

Objective To investigate the effects of different duration of sevoflurane anesthesia in the neonatal period on the long?term cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats. Methods Twenty?four pathogen?free healthy Sprague?Dawley rats of both sexes, aged 7 days, weighing 12-16 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table: control group ( group C) , sevoflu?rane anesthesia for 2 h group ( group S1 ) , and sevoflurane anesthesia for 6 h group ( group S2 ) . Group S1 and group S2 inhaled 2% sevoflurane for 2 and 6 h, respectively. Morris water maze test was performed at 30 days after the end of anesthesia ( postnatal day 37) to assess the cognitive function. After the end of the test, the rats were sacrificed, and hippocampi were isolated for determination of the expression of brain?de?rived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) , postsynaptic density?95 ( PSD?95) and synapsin 1 in hippocampal tis?sues by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the escape latency on 4th and 5th days of the test in group S1 and on 2nd-5th days of the test in group S2 was significantly prolonged, and the frequency of crossing the original platform was significantly decreased, and the time of staying at the platform quadrant was significantly shortened in S1 and S2 groups, the expression of BDNF, PSD?95 and synapsin 1 in hipp?ocampal tissues was significantly down?regulated in group S2 (P<0?05), and no significant change was found in the expression of BDNF, PSD?95 and synapsin 1 in hippocampal tissues in group S1 ( P>0?05) . Compared with group S1 , no significant change was found in the escape latency and frequency of crossing
the original platform (P>0?05), the time of staying at the platform quadrant was significantly shortened, and the expression of BDNF, PSD?95 and synapsin 1 in hippocampal tissues was significantly down?regula?ted in group S2 ( P<0?05) . Conclusion Short?time and long?time sevoflurane anesthesia both can induce long?term cognitive dysfunction in the neonatal period, and the severity is aggravated with prolonged anes?thesia; the partial mechanism is related to inhibition of the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons of rats.

AIM: To explore the role of calcineurin i n th e expression of NF-?B and the neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons treate d with interleukin-1? (IL-1?) and NMDA. METHODS: The cultured rat cortical neurons were used in the expe riment, damage of neurons was induced by interleukin-1?(IL-1?) or excitator y amino acid (NMDA). The degree of neuron damage was examined with the methods o f MTT assay and LDH releasing rate assay, as well as the Annexin V and PI immuno fluorescence. The expression of NF-?B p65 on the neurons was tested by the West ern blot analysis. RESULTS: Viability of neurons was obviously lower in the IL-1? group and NMDA group respectively than that in control group (P0.05). Annexin V and PI immunofluoresc ence showed that IL-1? mainly induced the neuron apoptosis, and NMDA induced th e neuron necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The calcineurin mediates the higher expression of N F -?B p65 and neuron damage induced by IL-1?, but not play a critical role in th e necrosis induced by NMDA in the cultured cortical neurons. These results indic ate that calcineurin is the key molecule in the apoptotic signaling pathway.

Objective To summarize the clinical symptoms of patients with non-erosive reflux disease(NERD) and reflux esophagitis(RE),which is helpful to the differential diagnosis.Methods Outpatients who met the criteria of NERD or RE according to the Montreal definition in Gastroenterology Department Wuhan Union Hospital from 2010-2014 were enrolled in our study.Clinical data were comprehensively collected.Incidence of disease,severity,frequency of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms,and the rates of overlapping with functional dyspepsia (FD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were all studied.Results Totally 446 subjects were recruited,including 225 patients with NERD and 221patients with RE.The occurrence rates of esophageal symptoms including heartburn [76.0％ (171/225) vs 52.0％ (115/221),P ＜ 0.01] and acid regurgitation [74.7％ (168/225) vs 54.3％ (120/221),P ＜0.05] in NERD group were significantly higher than those in RE patients,with more severe and frequent (P ＜ 0.05).Despite the rates of food regurgitation were similar,NERD patients behaved more severely and frequently (P ＜ 0.05).Extraesophageal symptoms including throat burning and foreign body sensation in NERD group [40.9％ (92/225) vs 27.6％ (61/221),42.2％ (95/225) vs 31.7％ (70/221),all P ＜0.05] were also higher than those in RE group,the degree of which was more severe too (P ＜ 0.05).RE patients claimed a higher proportion of chronic cough.The incidences of overlapping with IBS in two groups were similar.But there were more patients with FD in NERD group [72.0％ (162/225) vs 62.9％ (139/221),P ＜ 0.05] than in RE group.Conclusions The menifestations and degree of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms in patients with NERD or RE are different,as well as comorbidities such as FD and IBS.These results suggest that NERD and RE are independent diseases.

Objective To investigate the correlation between MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) C ＞ G polymorphism and ischemic stroke.Methods The case control studies of the relationship between miR-146a polymorphism and ischemic stroke published before February 2016 were retrieved comprehensively.The Statal2.0 software package was used to conduct the meta-analysis.The odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the strength of association between the polymorphisms and the risk of ischemic stroke.Results A total of 8 articles were enrolled,including 2 891 patients in the case group and 4 019 in the control group.The selected literature did not have obvious publication bias.In the general population,the dominant model (GG + CG vs.CC:OR 1.011,95％ CI 0.863-1.185;P =0.889),recessive model (GG vs.CG + CC:OR 0.999,95％ CI 0.761-1.311;P=0.994),heterozygous model (CG vs.CC:OR 1.052,95％ CI 0.943-1.173;P =0.368),homozygous model (GG vs.CC:OR 1.114,95％ CI 0.819-1.515;P =0.491),and allele model (G vs.C:OR 1.062,95％ CI0.919-1.227;P=0.413) did not show significant correlation between the miR-146a C ＞ G polymorphism and the risk of ischemic stroke.Subgroup analysis showed that the miR-146a C ＞ G polymorphism was not associated with the onset risks of large artery atherosclerotic and small arterial occlusive stroke.Conclusions According to the literature available,the miR-146a C ＞ G polymorphism may not be significantly associated with the risk of ischemic stroke.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Rome Ⅲ criteria in diagnosis of functional dyspepsia (FD) and assess its value in differentiate FD from other organic diseases in upper gastrointestinal tract. Methods Four thousand nine hundred and sixty-two patients, who underwent gastroscopy from July to August 2006 and March to April 2007, were consecutively enrolled and interviewed face to face with a standard questionnaire. The patients who were diagnosed as FD were according to Rome Ⅲ criteria, and those who were diagnosed as upper gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic erosive gastritis (CEG), gastric ulcer (GU), duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric carcinoma (GC), were done by gastroscopy and pathology. The differences of clinical characteristics among these diseases were analyzed. Results The FD patients accounted for 7.58% (376/4962) with female in predominant (P = 0.000). The patient with CEG, GU, DU or GC accounted for 29.99% (1488/4962), 1.89% (94/4962),4.25% (211/4962) or 4.57% (227/4962), respectively, all with male in predominant (P<0.05). Further analysis indicated that the age of onset between patients with FD and DU was no difference, but was younger than those with other three diseases (P<0.05). The incidence of early satiation and postprandial in FD patients were higher than those in other patients (P<0.05). The incidence of belching, nausea and vomiting showed no difference among these patients(P>0.05). According to Rome Ⅲ criteria, the symptoms of epigastric pain, early satiation, postprandial fullness and epigastric burning had higher sensitivity and specificity (except epigastric burning)in diagnosing FD (P<0.05), with highest Youden index in epigastric pain (0.42) and postprandial fullness (0.46). Conclusion Rome Ⅲ criteria has high specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing FD, and also has an important value in differentiate FD from other organic diseases.

Objective To study the changes of white matter fiber tracts in mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI)patients by using DTI technique on 3.0T MR system,and evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of DTI.Methods Thirty mTBI and 30 matched health-y controls underwent conventional CT,MRI and DTI examinations.FA values and ADC values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the splenium of the corpus callosum,bilateral internal capsule,the cingulum bundle,the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus of mTBI were measured in mTBI patients and controls at acute phase,subacute phase,5 weeks and 3 months post-trauma.The temporal changes of MRI data were observed.Results The FA values in the part of the white mat-ter fiber tracts reduced in the acute and subacute phase in mTBI patients (all P <0.05)in relative to controls (all P <0.05),At 5 weeks and 3 months post-trauma,the FA values also slightly lower in patients than controls.As for the genu of the corpus callosum and the splenium of the corpus callosum,the FA values in mTBI patients increased slightly at the acute stage (all P >0.05),but de-creased at 5 weeks-3 months post-trauma phase,though there was no significantly difference(all P >0.05).ADC values significantly decreased in the acute and subacute phase in mTBI patients,while they recovered thereafter (all P >0.05).Conclusion The sensi-tivity of DTI in detecting the lesions of mild traumatic brain damage is high,and it can display the damage of white matter.DTI could play an important role in the diagnosis of mTBI.