Hepatic fibrosis is a repair response to liver injury,and hepatic stellate cell activation is the center of hepatic fibrosis,which involves Hippo,Notch,Wnt/β-catenin,and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways.YAP/TAZ is an important nucleus factor for Hippo tumor suppressor pathway and its activity is the key to the growth of whole organs,cell proliferation,and specific amplification of progenitor cells in the process of tissue renewal and regeneration.As the hub of signaling pathways,such as Hippo,Notch,Wnt/β-catenin,TGF-β/Smad signaling,YAP/TAZ regulates the genesis and development of liver fibrosis.

Bisecting N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc),a GlcNAc linked to the core β-mannose resi-due via a β1,4 linkage,is a special type of N-glycosylation that has been reported to be involved in various biological processes,such as cell adhesion and fetal development.This N-glycan structure is abundant in human trophoblasts,which is postulated to be resistant to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity,enabling a mother to nourish a fetus without rejection.In this study,we hypothesized that the human amniotic membrane,which serves as the last barrier for the fetus,may also express bisected-type glycans.To test this hypothesis,glycomic analysis of the human amniotic membrane was performed,and bisected N-glycans were detected.Furthermore,our pro-teomic data,which have been previously employed to explore human missing proteins,were ana-lyzed and the presence of bisecting GlcNAc-modified peptides was confirmed.A total of 41 glycoproteins with 43 glycopeptides were found to possess a bisecting GlcNAc,and 25 of these gly-coproteins were reported to exhibit this type of modification for the first time.These results provide insights into the potential roles of bisecting GlcNAc modification in the human amniotic membrane,and can be beneficial to functional studies on glycoproteins with bisecting GlcNAc modifications and functional studies on immune suppression in human placenta.