Oxidative stress and inflammation are two main factors in the progress of diabetic nephropathy(DN) and its complications. NF‐E2 p45‐related factor (Nrf2) is a crucial transcriptional factor which manipulates downstream genes that encode some antioxidant enzymes and phase Ⅱ detoxifying enzymes ,to maintain the redox homeostasis and cellular detoxification response. Therefore ,more and more researchers are focusing on the role of Nrf2 in DN. In this review ,the detailed role of Nrf2 in DN will be discussed. Hopefully ,our work can epitomize recent research progress and provide novel clues for diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment.

Objective To review the outcome of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) using left internal thoracic artery grafts in the patients aged over 70 years old.Methods Two hundred and eighty-eight patients aged over 70 years old from January 2009 to January 2014 who underwent CABG were selected.All of the patients were divided into two groups on base of the graft:control group:only saphenous vein graft was used in 138 cases; observation group:the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery was used in 150 cases,which also included total arterial grafting,facilitated by the use of the radial artery,right gastroepiploic artery was operated in 7 cases,beside these artery grafts,saphenous vein graft was used to anastomosis with other vessels.Results Operative mortality was 2.9％ (4/138) in control group and 2.0％ (3/150) in observation group,and there was no significance (P ＞ 0.05).The volume of blood drainage was larger in observation group [(796.2 ± 382.4) ml] than that in control group [(512.8 ± 387.5) ml],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of second thoractomy,malignant arrhythmia,stroke,poor wound healing,and usage of intraaortic balloon counterpulsation between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion It does not increase the mortality and incidence of serious complications using the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery in the patients aged over 70 years old during CABG.

There are some major changes win the revised 2016 WHO Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms.Based on the clinicopathological changes and genetic/molecular findings in the past years,the new classification clarified the diagnosis and clinical management of some very early stages of lymphoproliferative disorders,refined the diagnostic criteria for some lymphoid neoplasms,and further emphasized the significance of genetic/molecular studies in the diagnosis and clinical treatment of lymphomas.A small number of new provisional entities were added to the 2016 edition.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) thickness for the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (RAF) after concomitant valve replacement and bipolar radiofrequency ablation.Methods From January 2012 to May 2014,156 patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and organic valvular diseases underwent concomitant valve replacement and successful bipolar radiofrequency ablation in the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu.After 1 year of follow-up,the recurrence of AF was analyzed and the correlation factors were analyzed statistically.Results All patients completed a regular follow-up.During a 12-month follow-up period,RAF was observed in 39 patients (25.0％).Echocardiography-derived regional EAT thickness was significantly greater in RAF patients than that in non-RAF patients((6.9±0.6) mm vs.(5.5±0.7) mm,t=4.649,P＜0.05).The EAT thickness strongly correlated with patients age,body mass index,Ratio of left atrial diameter,mitral diastolic blood flow velocity and early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and thyroglobulin (r =0.62,0.57,0.68,0.59,0.73,0.76;P ＜ 0.05).Cox multivariable analysis showed that,duration of AF history (95％CI:1.01-1.15,P =0.040),left atrial diameter (95％CI:1.07-1.24,P =0.021) and EAT thickness (95％CI:1.05-1.79,P =0.009) were independent predictors of RAF.Conclusion Echocardiography-derived regional EAT thickness combined with left atrial diameter may serve as effective parameters in identifying patients at the highest risk for RAF.

Tumor vaccine is one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in tumor immunotherapy. It promotes the antigen presentation process by delivering tumor antigen and then activates the anti-tumor immune response. As a new class of vaccines, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines can activate the immune system to achieve the purpose of immunotherapy by delivering the mRNA sequence of a specific antigen into the body and expressing the corresponding antigen protein. Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines have the advantages of a short production cycle, high effectiveness, and strong immunogenicity. In recent years, the application of mRNA vaccines in tumor immunotherapy has attracted widespread attention, but the instability and low delivery efficiency of mRNA limit its application. Nano delivery system can effectively solve the problem of mRNA vaccine delivery, greatly promote the research process and clinical application of mRNA tumor vaccines, and has become a hot spot in the research of mRNA vaccines. In this review, we introduced the mRNA tumor vaccines, focusing on the application of nano delivery system in mRNA tumor vaccines, in order to provide new ideas and new methods for the efficient delivery of mRNA tumor vaccines and tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of Mlot-4 cells onset with Roscovitine (ROSC)as some Cyclin-dependent kinases(CDK),inhibitor.Methods The logarithmic growth phase Molt-4 cells treated with ROSC at a final concentration ranging between 1～20 μmol/L and harvested in different time point,DNA assay of single cells by flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of cell cycle arrest and Annexin-V/FITC assay was used to detect the effect of cell apoptosis. Results It showed that ROSC exerted strong inhibitory effect on proliferation and cell cycle progression of Molt-4 Accumulation of G2/M arrested cells starting 6 h after onset of 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L ROSC;at the same time,the cell apoptosis of Molt-4 would be detected,According with the time and concentration changing,the cell apoptosis rate would rise.Conclusion It is concluded that Roscovitine(ROSC)as some Cyclin-dependent kinases(CDK),inhibitor,It has dual effects to Molt-4 cells,not only the effect of cell cycle arrest but also the effect of cell apoptosis.

objective To observe the effects of co-culture of hTNFα-sercreting and human colon cancer cells LOVO on the proliferation of cancer cells. Methods The stable transfected hTNF-α/293 , mRNA of Hek-293 cell and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. The positive group was added hTNF-αfactor,and MTT assay was applied under the optical density 490 nm. Through human tumor cell proliferation inhibition experiment,the inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells ( LOVO) proliferation were observed. Results hTNF-α/293 cells and hTNF-α-positive group showed a significant lower A,which suggested that hTNF-α/293 cells and hTNF-α-positive group had significant inhibition on the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Conclusion The inhibition of hTNF-αsecreted by hTNF-α/293 cells on co-lon cancer cell proliferation shows significant dose-effect dependency,and hTNF-αexpresses a considerable inhibition on the colon cancer cell proliferation as positive drug.

The serum manganese, chromium, zinc and copper levels of 63 cases with coronary heart disease and 33 normals were determined by the inductively couple plasma emission spectroscopy. The concentrations of Mn, Cr, Zn and Cu were 0.02145 ?0.0107 ppm, 0.0230 ?0.0167 PPm, 0.905?0.278 ppm 1.056 ?0.404 PPm and the Cu/Zn ratio was 0.973 ?0.395 in normals.In comparing with normals, a significant increase in the serum zinc concentration (P

Objective To observe the changes of rat brain mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) content and activity, and explore the effect of UCP on mitochondrial energy metabolism during hypoxia exposure. Methods Adult SD rats were set randomly into control and hypoxia group (n=8 in each group). The rats of hypoxia group were put into a hypobaric chamber simulating 5000-meter high altitude for 3 days (23 h/d). The brain mitochondria was isolated by centrifugation. Mitochondrial oxidative respiratory function was measured by Clark oxygen electrode. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by Rhodamine123 method. The content of adenine nucleotide pool (ATP, ADP, AMP) in mitochondria was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. UCP content and activity were detected by [~ 3 H]-GTP binding method. Results High altitude hypoxia resulted in significant increase of UCP activity and a 2.9-fold rise of UCP content of rats (P

This article emphasizes the importance of medical communication and expounds how to strenthen medical communication by some principles and methods,like paying attention to and lov-ing patients,listenning carefully,explaining patiently and confidently,learning modestly and so on.